(5) 1. BRUNO (?-ca. 1065)

Cardinalate. Created cardinal bishop of Palestrina in a consistory celebrated in 1060 (1). Consecrated (no information found). Subscribed papal bulls issued in Florence on January 8, 16, and 20, 1060; and in Rome on April 15 and 16, 1060. Librarian of the Sacred Palace in May 1061. Participated in the papal election of 1061, in which Pope Alexander II was elected.

Death. Ca. 1065, Montecassino. Buried (no information found).

Bibliography. Cardella, Lorenzo. Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Stamperia Pagliarini, 1792, I, pt. 1, 137-138; Chacón, Alfonso. Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm ab initio nascentis Ecclesiæ vsque ad Vrbanvm VIII. Pont. Max. 2 volumes. Romae : Typis Vaticanis, 1677, I, col. 828, no. II; Cristofori, Francesco. Cronotasi dei cardinali di Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Tipografia de Propaganda Fide, 1888, p. 19; "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIè siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1927. Paris : Maison de la Bonne Presse, 1928, p. 140, no. 2; Hüls, Rudolf. Kardinäle, Klerus und Kirchen Roms: 1049-1130. 1 aufl. Tübingen: Max Niemeyer, 1977. (Bibliothek des Deutschen Historischen Instituts in Rom: Bd. 48), p. 109, no. 3; Klewitz, Hans-Walter. Reformpapsttum und Kardinalkolleg. Die Entstehung des Kardinalkollegiums. Studien über die Wiederherstellung der römischen Kirche in Süditalien durch das Reformpapsttum. Das Ende des Reformpapsttums. Darmstadt : Hermann Gentner Verlag, 1957, p. 117, no. 11b; Mas Latrie, Louis. Trésor de chronologie d'histoire et de géographie pour l'étude et l'emploi des documents du moyen âge. Paris : Librairie Victor Palmé, 1889, col. 1179, no. 2; Regesta pontificum Romanorum ab conditio Ecclesia. Ad annum post Christum natum MCXCVIII. Graz : Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt, 1956. 2 v. Reprint. Originally published : Lipsiae : Veit et comp., 1885-1888. Original t.p. included : Regesta pontificum Romanorum ab condita ecclesia : ad annum post Christum natum MCXCVIII. Editionem secundam correctam et auctam edidit Philippus Jaffè ; auspiciis Gulielmi Wattenbach; curaverunt S. Loewenfeld, F. Kaltenbrunner, P. Ewald, I, 557.

(1) This is according to Cristofori, Cronotasi dei cardinali di Santa Romana Chiesa, p. 19, and "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIè siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1927, p. 140, no. 2. Cardella, Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa, I, pt. 1, 137-138, and Chacón, Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm, I, col. 828, no. II, indicate that he was created cardinal in 1059 because in that year he signed a papal bull in favor of the monastery of S. Felicita in Florence. "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIè siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1927, p. 140, no. 2; Hüls, Kardinäle, Klerus und Kirchen Roms: 1049-1130, p. 109, no. 3; Klewitz, Reformpapsttum und Kardinalkolleg, p. 117, no. 11b; and Regesta pontificum Romanorum ab conditio Ecclesia, I, 557, indicate that the document was signed in 1060.

(6) 2. GREGORIO (?-?)

Cardinalate. Created cardinal bishop in a consistory celebrated ca. 1060; his suburbicarian see is not known; perhaps Velletri. Consecrated (no information found). Participated in the papal election of 1061, in which Pope Alexander II was elected. He subscribed a papal bull issued on April 26, 1062/1073, in favor of the monastery of S. Maria in Pavia; he appears as bishop and cardinal of the Holy Apostolic See.

Death. (No date or place found). Buried (no information found).

Bibliography. "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIè siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1927. Paris : Maison de la Bonne Presse, 1928, p. 140, no. 3; Regesta pontificum Romanorum ab conditio Ecclesia. Ad annum post Christum natum MCXCVIII. Graz : Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt, 1956. 2 v. Reprint. Originally published : Lipsiae : Veit et comp., 1885-1888. Original t.p. included : Regesta pontificum Romanorum ab condita ecclesia : ad annum post Christum natum MCXCVIII. Editionem secundam correctam et auctam edidit Philippus Jaffè ; auspiciis Gulielmi Wattenbach; curaverunt S. Loewenfeld, F. Kaltenbrunner, P. Ewald, I, 591.

(7) 3. BONIFAZIO (?-after September 30, 1061)

Cardinalate. Created cardinal bishop of Gabio (1) in a consistory celebrated in 1060. Consecrated (no information found). He subscribed a papal bull issued on January 16, 1060, in favor of the churches of S. Michele and S. Eusebio Poiensi, in Perusino and Rossellano. Participated in the papal election of 1061, in which Pope Alexander II was elected.

Death. After September 30, 1061, (no place found). Buried (no information found).

Bibliography. "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIè siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1927. Paris : Maison de la Bonne Presse, 1928, p. 140, no. 4; Regesta pontificum Romanorum ab conditio Ecclesia. Ad annum post Christum natum MCXCVIII. Graz : Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt, 1956. 2 v. Reprint. Originally published : Lipsiae : Veit et comp., 1885-1888. Original t.p. included : Regesta pontificum Romanorum ab condita ecclesia : ad annum post Christum natum MCXCVIII. Editionem secundam correctam et auctam edidit Philippus Jaffè ; auspiciis Gulielmi Wattenbach; curaverunt S. Loewenfeld, F. Kaltenbrunner, P. Ewald, I, 557 and 562.

(1) The see of Gabio or Gabii, in the province of Rome, was a diocese since the 5th century. Pius Bonfatius Gams, Series Episcoporum Ecclesiæ Catholicæ, cites only 10 bishops of this see from 465 until 879. It should not properly be considered a cardinalitial suburbicarian see even though two of its bishops subscribed the bulls like the other cardinals. It was united to the suburbicarian see of Palestrina at the end of the XII century.

(8) 4. LANDOLFO (?-after October 1, 1071)

Birth. (No date or place found). He is also listed as Landulphus.

Education. (No information found).

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in a consistory celebrated ca. 1060; his title is not known (1). He attended the consecration of the church of Montecassino by Pope Alexander II on October 1, 1071.

Death. After October 1, 1071, (no place found). Buried (no information found).

Bibliography. Cardella, Lorenzo. Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Stamperia Pagliarini, 1792, I, pt. 1, 141-142; Chacón, Alfonso. Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm ab initio nascentis Ecclesiæ vsque ad Vrbanvm VIII. Pont. Max. 2 volumes. Romae : Typis Vaticanis, 1677, I, col. 829, no. 4; "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIè siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1927. Paris : Maison de la Bonne Presse, 1928, p. 140, no. 9; Mas Latrie, Louis. Trésor de chronologie d'histoire et de géographie pour l'étude et l'emploi des documents du moyen âge. Paris : Librairie Victor Palmé, 1889, col. 1179, no. 4.

(1) Cardella, Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa, I, pt. 1, 141-142; and Chacón, Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm, I, col. 829, no. 4, express doubts about which pope promoted him to the cardinalate, Pope Nicholas II or Pope Alexander II.

(9) 5. GIOVANNI (?-ca. 1080)

Birth. (No date or place found).

Education. (No information found).

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in a consistory celebrated ca. 1060 (1); his title is not known. He attended the consecration of the church of Montecassino by Pope Alexander II on October 1, 1071.

Death. Ca. 1080, (no place found). Buried (no information found).

Bibliography. Cardella, Lorenzo. Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Stamperia Pagliarini, 1792, I, pt. 1, 142; Chacón, Alfonso. Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm ab initio nascentis Ecclesiæ vsque ad Vrbanvm VIII. Pont. Max. 2 volumes. Romae : Typis Vaticanis, 1677, I, col. 829, no. V; Cristofori, Francesco. Cronotasi dei cardinali di Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Tipografia de Propaganda Fide, 1888, p. 266; "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIè siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1927. Paris : Maison de la Bonne Presse, 1928, p. 140, no. 10; Mas Latrie, Louis. Trésor de chronologie d'histoire et de géographie pour l'étude et l'emploi des documents du moyen âge. Paris : Librairie Victor Palmé, 1889, col. 1179, no. 5.

(1) Cardella, Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa, I, pt. 1, 141-142, says that he may have been created cardinal by a predecessor of Pope Nicholas II. Chacón, Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm, I, col. 829, no. V, says that he may have been created cardinal by Pope Alexander II. Cristofori, Cronotasi dei cardinali di Santa Romana Chiesa, p. 266, lists three cardinals by the name of Giovanni, whose titles are unknown, created between 1049 and 1058.

(10) 6. GUIDO (?-before 1073)

Birth. (No date or place found).

Education. (No information found).

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest of Ss. Martino e Silvestro in a consistory celebrated ca. 1060.

Death. Before 1073, (no place found). Buried (no information found).

Bibliography. "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIè siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1927. Paris : Maison de la Bonne Presse, 1928, p. 140, no. 11.

(11) 7. BERNARDO (?-after December 1, 1081)

Cardinalate. Created cardinal deacon in a consistory celebrated in 1060, his deaconry is not known. Legate in Bohemia from 1073. He attended a council of Saxon, Bavarian, and Carinthian princes on March 15, 1077, in Forchheim, Bohemia; during the council, Rudolf of Rheinfelden, duke of Swabia, was elected gegenkönig (anti-king), replacing Heinrich IV, who had been deposed by some German princes and excommunicated by Pope Gregory VII. On January 27, 1077, he is in Canossa accompanying Pope Gregory VII. From northern Italy, he then went to Germany; On April 16, 1077, he was in Konstanz; he received several papal letters with instructions; on April 4, 1078, he went to Goslar; and on December 1, 1081, he participated in a synod in Dragonara (Draconaria). On December 3, 1082, he was in S. Maria in Pallaria, Rome, for the celebration of a cold water judgement (iudicium aquæ frigidæ), in favor of the Emperor Heinrich IV, which failed.

Death. After December 1, 1086, (no place found). Buried (no information found).

Bibliography. Cardella, Lorenzo. Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Stamperia Pagliarini, 1792, I, pt. 1, 144; Chacón, Alfonso. Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm ab initio nascentis Ecclesiæ vsque ad Vrbanvm VIII. Pont. Max. 2 volumes. Romae : Typis Vaticanis, 1677, I, col. 830, no. VII; "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIè siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1927. Paris : Maison de la Bonne Presse, 1928, p. 140, no. 14; Hüls, Rudolf. Kardinäle, Klerus und Kirchen Roms: 1049-1130. 1 aufl. Tübingen: Max Niemeyer, 1977. (Bibliothek des Deutschen Historischen Instituts in Rom: Bd. 48), p. 245-246, no. 6; Mas Latrie, Louis. Trésor de chronologie d'histoire et de géographie pour l'étude et l'emploi des documents du moyen âge. Paris : Librairie Victor Palmé, 1889, col. 1179, no. 7.

©1998-2023 Salvador Miranda.