The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church

Biographical Dictionary
Pope Urban II (1088-1099)
Consistory celebrated in 1094 (VI)


(38) 1. THEODORIC (?-1118)

Birth. (No date found). Trier, Germany. He is called Theuzzon, Teuto, Teuzo and Teuton. He is also listed as Theodoricus; as Thierry; as Diaitric; as Diattric; and as Diteleme.

Education. (No information found).

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in a consistory celebrated in 1094 (1); his title is not known. Subscribed papal bulls issued between February 1095 and March 1096. Accompanied Pope Urban II to Tours in 1096. Opted for the title of Ss. Giovani e Paolo (Pamachii) toward 1098. Subscribed papal bulls issued between April 1099 and August 30, 1100; and November 10 and 14, 1100. Opted for the title of S. Crisogono on December 20, 1113 or February 21, 1114. Subscribed papal bulls issued on June 8, 1114. Named legate in Germany and Hungary in 1115; on September 1, he was probably in Braunschweig; on September 8, he held a synod in Goslar, where he persuaded the princes of those kingdoms not to intervene in the elections of abbots and bishops; Saxony was the first to promulgate the decrees and the anathema fulminated by the pope against Emperor Heinrich V; intervened in the Synod of Cologne, where he induced the bishops to subscribe the laws issued by the Holy See against those guilty of simony and adulterers; on October 10, he received new instructions from the pope given in Ferentino. He called a meeting with the princes on Christmas 1115, in Cologne, but he could not participate because he died before its celebration.

Death. December 21 or 22, 1115 (2), Schwelm. Buried in the metropolitan cathedral of Cologne.

Bibliography. Cardella, Lorenzo. Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Stamperia Pagliarini, 1792, I, pt. 1, 195-196; Chacón, Alfonso. Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm ab initio nascentis Ecclesiæ vsque ad Vrbanvm VIII. Pont. Max. 2 volumes. Romae : Typis Vaticanis, 1677, I, col. 894; Cristofori, Francesco. Cronotasi dei cardinali di Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Tipografia de Propaganda Fide, 1888, p. 110; "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIè siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1927. Paris : Maison de la Bonne Presse, 1928, p. 150, no. 19; Klewitz, Hans-Walter. Reformpapsttum und Kardinalkolleg. Die Entstehung des Kardinalkollegiums. Studien über die Wiederherstellung der römischen Kirche in Süditalien durch das Reformpapsttum. Das Ende des Reformpapsttums. Darmstadt : Hermann Gentner Verlag, 1957, p. 122, no. 5; Hüls, Rudolf. Kardinäle, Klerus und Kirchen Roms: 1049-1130. 1 aufl. Tübingen: Max Niemeyer, 1977. (Bibliothek des Deutschen Historischen Instituts in Rom: Bd. 48), p. 218, no. 23; Mas Latrie, Louis. Trésor de chronologie d'histoire et de géographie pour l'étude et l'emploi des documents du moyen âge. Paris : Librairie Victor Palmé, 1889, col. 1181, no. 25; Regesta pontificum Romanorum ab conditio Ecclesia. Ad annum post Christum natum MCXCVIII. Graz : Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt, 1956. 2 v. Reprint. Originally published : Lipsiae : Veit et comp., 1885-1888. Original t.p. included : Regesta pontificum Romanorum ab condita ecclesia : ad annum post Christum natum MCXCVIII. Editionem secundam correctam et auctam edidit Philippus Jaffè ; auspiciis Gulielmi Wattenbach; curaverunt S. Loewenfeld, F. Kaltenbrunner, P. Ewald, I, 657 and 702.

(1) This is according to "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIè siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1927, p. 150, no. 19. Cristofori, Cronotasi dei cardinali di Santa Romana Chiesa, p. 110, says that he was promoted to the cardinlate in 1088 with the title of Ss. Giovanni e Paolo and occupied it until 1099, not mentioning his option to the title of S. Crisogono.
(2) This is according to Klewitz, Hans-Walter. Reformpapsttum und Kardinalkolleg, p. 122, no. 5, and Hüls, Kardinäle, Klerus und Kirchen Roms: 1049-1130, p. 218, no. 23. Cardella, Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa, I, pt. 1, 195-196; "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIè siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1927, p. 150, no. 19; Mas Latrie, Trésor de chronologie d'histoire et de géographie, col. 1181, no. 25, say that he died in 1118.

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(39) 2. GEOFFROY, O.S.B. (?-1132)

Birth. (No date found), Anjou, France. Of a noble family. His parents died when he was very young. He is also listed as Geoffrey of Vendôme; as Geoffroy de Vendôme; as Geoffroi de Vendôme; as Goffridus Abbas Vindocinensis; and as Goffredo and Goffredus only.

Education. Archdeacon Guarinero of Anjou took care of his education, entrusting him to Guglielmo, a man renowned for his knowledge in sacred letters and canons. Entered the Order of Saint Benedict (Benedictines) at the monastery of Sainte-Trinitè de Anjou.

Early life. Elected fifth abbot of the monastery of Sainte-Trinitè de Vendôme (now diocese of Chartres) on August 21, 1093.

Priesthood. Ordained, August 1093, Rome by Pope Urban II. Received the abbatial blessing from Bishop Yves de Chartres on August 24, 1093. He donated to the pope a considerable sum of money, from selling his horses and mules; with the money, the pope was able to recover the Lateran palace and the Tower Crescenzia; Abbot Geoffroy was the first one to kiss the pope's feet in public at the Lateran palace.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest of S. Prisca (Ss. Aquila e Prisca) in a consistory celebrated in 1094 (1). Shortly after he returned to France. Received Popes Urban II and Paschal II in his monastery in France. Participated in the Councils of Saumur and Alvernia. He was a close friend of Pope Callistus II. Chosen by King Louis VI, le Gros, of France, as arbiter in a controversy with the count of Anjou. He went to Rome twelve times and during his trips to that city, he was taken prisoner three times, suffering serious mistreatment. Resigned his title before 1099 and may have had another title.

Death. March 26, 1132 (2), monastery of Evière, Angers. Buried (no information found). Father Jacques Sirmund, S.J., published five volumes of the cardinal's letters, several opuscles and twelve sermons, in Paris, in 1610.

Bibliography. Cardella, Lorenzo. Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Stamperia Pagliarini, 1792, I, pt. 1, 203-204; Chacón, Alfonso. Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm ab initio nascentis Ecclesiæ vsque ad Vrbanvm VIII. Pont. Max. 2 volumes. Romae : Typis Vaticanis, 1677, I, col. 898; Cristofori, Francesco. Cronotasi dei cardinali di Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Tipografia de Propaganda Fide, 1888, p. 107; Du Chesne, François. Histoire de tous les cardinaux françois : de naissance, ou qui ont esté promeus au cardinalat par l'expresse recommandation de nos roys, pour les grands services qu'ils ont rendus a leur estat, et a leur couronne. Comprenant commairement leurs legations, ambassades & voyages par eux faits en divers pays & royaumes, vers les papes, empereurs, roys, potentats, republiques, communautex & universitez, pour affaires importantes à l'église universelle, & à l'auguste majesté de nos souuerains. Enrichie de leurs armes et de leurs portraits. Divisée en deux tomes, et justifiée par tiltres et chartres du thresor de sa majesté, arrests des parlemens de France, registres des Chambres des comptes; donations, fondations, epitaphes, testamens, manuscripts, ancients monumens, chroniques & chartulaires d'abbayes, & autres histoires publiques & particlieres. 2 vols. A Paris : Aux despens de l'autheur, & se vendent chez luy ..., 1660, II, 62-64; "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIè siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1927. Paris : Maison de la Bonne Presse, 1928, p. 151, no. 32; Hüls, Rudolf. Kardinäle, Klerus und Kirchen Roms: 1049-1130. 1 aufl. Tübingen: Max Niemeyer, 1977. (Bibliothek des Deutschen Historischen Instituts in Rom: Bd. 48), p. 198, no. 3; Mas Latrie, Louis. Trésor de chronologie d'histoire et de géographie pour l'étude et l'emploi des documents du moyen âge. Paris : Librairie Victor Palmé, 1889, col. 1181, no. 42.

Webgraphy. Biography by Francis Schaefer, in English, The Catholic Encyclopedia; his image and biography, in French, FranceBalade; biography, in French, p. 62-64, Gallica; his image with Christ in two miniature illuminations, manuscript between 1129 and 1132, abbey of Sainte-Trinitè de Vendôme, Ministère de la Culture, Paris, France.

(1) Hüls, Kardinäle, Klerus und Kirchen Roms: 1049-1130, p. 198, no. 3, says that in letters to Popes Paschal II, Callistus II and Honorius II, he laid claim to the title of S. Prisca. He justifies these with an assignment to that title by Pope Urban II in 1094; but Geoffroy could not probably have taken possession of his title. Thus substantial doubts about his cardinalate remain. Cardella, Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa, I, pt. 1, 204, says that "Non tutti gli scritori convengono intorno alla promozione di questo Cardinale... " (Not all the writers agree on the promotion of this cardinal). All the other sources consulted have him as cardinal priest of S. Prisca.
(2) This is according to "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIè siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1927, p. 151, no. 32; and Mas Latrie, Trésor de chronologie d'histoire et de géographie, col. 1181, no. 42. Cardella, Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa, I, pt. 1, 204, says that he died in 1130. Chacón, Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm, I, col. 898, says that he lived until the end of the pontificate of Pope Honorius II (1130).

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(40) 3. ALBERTO (?-?)

Birth. (No date or place found).

Education. (No information found).

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in a consistory celebrated ca. 1094; his title is not known. Subscribed papal bulls issued in February 1095, in Crema, in favor of the monastery of S. Egidio, later confirmed by the Council celebrated in Piacenza; and in March 1096.

Death. After March 1096, (no place found). Buried (no information found).

Bibliography. Cardella, Lorenzo. Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Stamperia Pagliarini, 1792, I, pt. 1, 205; "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIè siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1927. Paris : Maison de la Bonne Presse, 1928, p. 1141, no. 33; Regesta pontificum Romanorum ab conditio Ecclesia. Ad annum post Christum natum MCXCVIII. Graz : Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt, 1956. 2 v. Reprint. Originally published : Lipsiae : Veit et comp., 1885-1888. Original t.p. included : Regesta pontificum Romanorum ab condita ecclesia : ad annum post Christum natum MCXCVIII. Editionem secundam correctam et auctam edidit Philippus Jaffè ; auspiciis Gulielmi Wattenbach; curaverunt S. Loewenfeld, F. Kaltenbrunner, P. Ewald, I, 657.

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