The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church - Biographical Dictionary

The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church

Biographical Dictionary
Pope Urban II (1088-1099)
Consistory celebrated in 1095 (VII)

(41) 1. MAURIZIO (?-ca. 1100 or 1103)

Birth. (No date or place found).

Education. (No information found).

Cardinalate. Created cardinal bishop of Porto in a consistory celebrated ca. 1095 (1). Consecrated (no information found). On February 24, 1098, he consecrated the altar of S. Mamete, martyr, in the church of S. Cecilia in Rome. Participated in the papal election of 1099, in which Pope Paschal II was elected; he was one of the bishops who consecrated the new pope. On January 20, 1100, he consecrated the church of S. Teodoro di Fasciolo, Genoa. On August 1, 1100, he left from Genoa as legate to the Holy Land, with an army of Crusaders, to establish the authority of the Holy See in those provinces; in March 1101, he was before Caipha; he arrived in Jerusalem in Easter, April 21; he had an argument with the patriarch of Jerusalem; the Genoese fleet left on July 24, 1101, but he remained in the Holy Land and at the beginning of September, he was in Joppe. In the papal curia, he was the specialist for Eastern rite questions.

Death. Soon after September 1101, because already in the following year there was a successor in the see of Porto and a new legate for Palestine (2). Buried in the Holy Land (?).

Bibliography. Cardella, Lorenzo. Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Stamperia Pagliarini, 1792, I, pt. 1, 186-187; Chacón, Alfonso. Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm ab initio nascentis Ecclesiæ vsque ad Vrbanvm VIII. Pont. Max. 2 volumes. Romae : Typis Vaticanis, 1677, I, col. 887; Cristofori, Francesco. Cronotasi dei cardinali di Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Tipografia de Propaganda Fide, 1888, p. 10; "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIè siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1927. Paris : Maison de la Bonne Presse, 1928, p. 149, no. 7; Ganzer, Klaus. Die entwicklung des auswärtigen kardinalats im hohen mittelater ; ein beitrag zur geschichte des kardinalkollegiums vom 11. bis 13. jahrhundert. Tügingen : Niemeyer, 1963. (Bibliotek des Deutschen Historischen Instituts in Rome, band XXVI), p. ; Hüls, Rudolf. Kardinäle, Klerus und Kirchen Roms: 1049-1130. 1 aufl. Tübingen: Max Niemeyer, 1977. (Bibliothek des Deutschen Historischen Instituts in Rom: Bd. 48), p. 121-122, no. 5; Klewitz, Hans-Walter. Reformpapsttum und Kardinalkolleg. Die Entstehung des Kardinalkollegiums. Studien über die Wiederherstellung der römischen Kirche in Süditalien durch das Reformpapsttum. Das Ende des Reformpapsttums. Darmstadt : Hermann Gentner Verlag, 1957, p. 116, no. 7; Mas Latrie, Louis. Trésor de chronologie d'histoire et de géographie pour l'étude et l'emploi des documents du moyen âge. Paris : Librairie Victor Palmé, 1889, col. 1180, no. 7.

(1) This is according to "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIè siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1927, p. 149, no. 7. Cristofori, Cronotasi dei cardinali di Santa Romana Chiesa, p. 10; and Mas Latrie, Trésor de chronologie d'histoire et de géographie, col. 1180, no. 7, say that he was created cardinal in 1097.
(2) This is according to Ganzer, Die entwicklung des auswärtigen kardinalats im hohen mittelater, p. 121. Cardella, Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa, I, pt. 1, 186, says that he died in 1103. "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIè siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1927, p. 149, no. 7, says that he died ca. 1100, after his return to Italy from Jerusalem.

(42) 2. ANASTASIO (?-soon after May 6, 1125)

Birth. (No date found), Rome. He is also listed as Atanasio and as Athanasius.

Education. (No information found).

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest of S. Clemente in a consistory celebrated ca. 1095 (1). Subscribed papal bulls issued between March 4, 1102 and March 24, 1116. He was active as a judge at the Lateran palace in 1109. He consented, like many other cardinals, to the agreements of Ponte Mammolo, on April 11, 1111, granting the privilege of investitures to Emperor Heinrich V. In the Lateran Synod, on March 23, 1112, he signed the condemnation of the privilege. On March 25, 1112, at the Lateran palace, he was a judge in the controversy between Abbot Alberto di Sassovivo and Bishop Enrico of Spoleto. He was with the papal court in Ferentino in 1113. Legate in Benevento in 1114; on May 24, 1115, he acted as a judge in Benevento. At his request, Cardinal Leone, bishop of Ostia (+ May 22, 1115), wrote the Translatio S. Clementis, a history of that church. Participated in the papal election of 1118, in which Pope Gelasius II was elected. In March 1119, together with other cardinals in Rome, he confirmed the election of Pope Callistus II, which had taken place in Cluny. Subscribed papal bulls issued between September 24, 1120 and June 4, 1124. He was with the pope in Benevento on September 24 and in October, 1120. Participated in the papal election of 1124, in which Pope Honorius II was elected. Subscribed papal bulls issued between March 7 and May 6, 1125.

Death. Soon after May 6, 1125 (2), Rome. Buried in his title; an inscription on his tomb praises him for renewing his title church. To this very day, the cathedra, made from marble, can be admired.

Bibliography. Cardella, Lorenzo. Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Stamperia Pagliarini, 1792, I, pt. 1, 21; Chacón, Alfonso. Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm ab initio nascentis Ecclesiæ vsque ad Vrbanvm VIII. Pont. Max. 2 volumes. Romae : Typis Vaticanis, 1677, I, col. 915; Cristofori, Francesco. Cronotasi dei cardinali di Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Tipografia de Propaganda Fide, 1888, p. 84; "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIè siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1927. Paris : Maison de la Bonne Presse, 1928, p. 151, no. 34; Hüls, Rudolf. Kardinäle, Klerus und Kirchen Roms: 1049-1130. 1 aufl. Tübingen: Max Niemeyer, 1977. (Bibliothek des Deutschen Historischen Instituts in Rom: Bd. 48), p. 61, no. 3; Klewitz, Hans-Walter. Reformpapsttum und Kardinalkolleg. Die Entstehung des Kardinalkollegiums. Studien über die Wiederherstellung der römischen Kirche in Süditalien durch das Reformpapsttum. Das Ende des Reformpapsttums. Darmstadt : Hermann Gentner Verlag, 1957, p. 128, no. 33; Regesta pontificum Romanorum ab conditio Ecclesia. Ad annum post Christum natum MCXCVIII. Graz : Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt, 1956. 2 v. Reprint. Originally published : Lipsiae : Veit et comp., 1885-1888. Original t.p. included : Regesta pontificum Romanorum ab condita ecclesia : ad annum post Christum natum MCXCVIII. Editionem secundam correctam et auctam edidit Philippus Jaffè ; auspiciis Gulielmi Wattenbach; curaverunt S. Loewenfeld, F. Kaltenbrunner, P. Ewald, I, 702, 780 and 823.

(1) He very probably is the same as Cardinal Anastasio (1112); some sources refer to them as seniore and iuniore.
(2) This is according to Hüls, Kardinäle, Klerus und Kirchen Roms: 1049-1130, p. 161, no. 3. "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIè siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1927, p. 151, no. 34, says that he died ca. 1097.

(43) 3. BUONSIGNORE (?-1118)

Birth. (No date or place found). He is also listed as Bonus senior; as Bonsignor; as Boninseniore; and as Bonussenoir.

Education. (No information found).

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in a consistory celebrated in 1095 (?); his title is not known (1). He attended the Synod of Piacenza in 1195. In May 1096, he was in Piadena, where Countess Matilda of Tuscany by a document confirmed a donation for the establishment of the monastery of Pierremont.

Episcopate. Elected bishop of Reggio, Emilia, probably in 1098; he was already enthroned on February 2, 1099; the promotion to the episcopate probably had Countess Matilda as a driving force. Consecrated (no information found) (2). He was for a while chaplain to Countess Matilda. On April 5, 1098, he participated in a reform Synod in Milan, celebrated under the presidency of Archbishop Anselmo. In February 1099, Bishop Buonsignore was again in Milan; he signed a sentence of Archbishop Anselmo. On May 1, 1101 he was in Guastalla with Countess Matilda and probably in the following year, he went to Carpi with the countess and Cardinal Bernardo for a donation in favor of the church of Marolo. In May 1104, he was in Piadena with Cardinal Legate Bernardo for a donation of Bishop Ugo of Mantua to the monastery of Polirone. In presence of Bishop Buonsignore, around the year 1104, a contract between the abbot of Polirone and the bishop of Mantua was agreed upon. In July 1105, when the countess effected a transfer of a church between the chapter of Bologna and the diocese of Lucca, Buonsignore was present and he was called on this occasion as chaplain of the countess. He was present at the translation of the relics of S. Geminiano in Modena, which took place in the year 1106. During the events of February 12, 1111, when Emperor Heinrich V took Pope Paschal II and several cardinals prisoner to Rome because of the question of the investitures, Bishop Buonsignore, together with Bishop Bernardo of Parma and another Lombard bishop, was also imprisoned; Countess Matilda sent her captain to the emperor with the request to release Bishop Buonsignore and the bishop of Parma; the emperor set them immediately free. In 1112, Bishop Buonsignore, on behalf of the pope, acted as judge in a controversy between the bishop of Modena and the abbott of Nonantola. In March 1113, he presented a deed for the church of Bismantova. On the following June 15, he with Bishop Bernardo of Parma and with Countess Matilda in Montebaranzone acted as a witness in a document for Montecchio. He was present at the death of Countess Matilda of Tuscany in Bondeno, on July 24, 1115; she was buried in the monastery Polirone. The last certification over Bishop Buonsignore is his being mentioned in a document of Queen Matilda of England, wife of Emperor Heinrich V, dated September 20, 1117.

Death. May 1118 (3), (no place found). Buried (no information found).

(1) This is according to Cristofori, Cronotasi dei cardinali di Santa Romana Chiesa, p. 266; and "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIè siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1927, p. 151, no. 35. Ganzer, Die entwicklung des auswärtigen kardinalats im hohen mittelater, p. 49-51, no. 15, includes him among the cardinals of Pope Urban II but says that he may have been promoted to the cardinalate by Pope Gregory VII with the title of S. Maria in Trastevere; Ganzer adds that the cardinal appears for the first time in a document of a Roman Synod in May 1082, on which the question whether in the fight against Wibert future antipope, was negotiated and also if church property could be sold; that in April 1083 or 1084 he pawned, as cardinalis venerabilis ecclesie Sancti Petri a piece of land by St. Peter; and that, at around that time, according to a letter of Bishop Hugues of Lyon, Buonsignore and Pope Victor III stayed with the countess.
(2) Ganzer, Die entwicklung des auswärtigen kardinalats im hohen mittelater, p. 50, says that with his consecration as a bishop, Buonsignore was ruled out from the College of Cardinals (as it was then customary) and that in his signatures as bishop, the cardinal title did not appear any more.
(3) This is according to Ganzer, Die entwicklung des auswärtigen kardinalats im hohen mittelater, p. 51. "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIè siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1927, p. 151, no. 35, says that the date of his death is unknown. Gams, Series episcoporum Ecclesiae catholicae, p. 760, says that he died or was transferred from his see in 1130.

(44) 4. DIETRICH (?-?)

Birth. (No date or place found). He is also listed as Dieterichus; as Dieterico; as Teodorico; as Theodoric; and as Thierry.

Education. (No information found).

Cardinalate. Created cardinal deacon in a consistory celebrated in 1095; his deaconry is not known (1). Legate of Pope Paschal II in Hungary and Saxony; he reconciled the Saxons with the Church, lifting the ecclesiastical censures issued against them. Chancellor of the Holy Roman Church. He susbcribed a papal bull issued in 1126 in favor of the church of Città di Castello, in which he wrote: Datum Laterani per manum Dietrici S. R. E. Cardinalis et Cancellari.

Death. (No date or place found). Buried (no information found).

Bibliography. Cardella, Lorenzo. Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Stamperia Pagliarini, 1792, I, pt. 1, 247-248; Chacón, Alfonso. Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm ab initio nascentis Ecclesiæ vsque ad Vrbanvm VIII. Pont. Max. 2 volumes. Romae : Typis Vaticanis, 1677, I, col. 926; Cristofori, Francesco. Cronotasi dei cardinali di Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Tipografia de Propaganda Fide, 1888, p. 284; "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIè siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1927. Paris : Maison de la Bonne Presse, 1928, p. 153, no. 63.

(1) This is according to "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIè siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1927. Paris : Maison de la Bonne Presse, 1928, p. 153, no. 63. Cardella, Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa, I, pt. 1, 247 and Chacón, Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm, I, col. 926, include him among the cardinals created by Pope Paschal II.

(45) 5. HERMANN (?-?)

Birth. (No date or place found). He is also listed as Hermanno.

Education. (No information found).

Cardinalate. Created cardinal deacon in a consistory celebrated in 1095; his deaconry is not known (1). Subscribed a papal bull issued in February 1095.

Death. (No date or place found). Buried (no information found).

Bibliography. Cristofori, Francesco. Cronotasi dei cardinali di Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Tipografia de Propaganda Fide, 1888, p. 284; "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIè siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1927. Paris : Maison de la Bonne Presse, 1928, p. 153, 64.

(1) This is according to "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIè siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1927. Paris : Maison de la Bonne Presse, 1928, p. 153, 65, which adds that he may be the same as a Cardinal Hermann, created in 1082, according to Regesta pontificum Romanorum ab conditio Ecclesia. Ad annum post Christum natum MCXCVIII (2 v. Graz : Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt, 1956), I, 642.

(46) 6. HUGUES (?-?)

Birth. (No date found), Verdun, France. He is also listed as Ugo; as Hugo; and as Ugone.

Education. (No information found).

Cardinalate. Created cardinal deacon in a consistory celebrated in 1095; his deaconry is not known. He subscribed a papal bull issued in Cremona on February 18, 1095. He attended the Council of Piacenza in March 1095. On November 18, 1095, he was in Clermont, where he joined the obedience of Antipope Clement IlI. In 1098, he wrote letters of support for the antipope to Cardinal Ugo Candido, bishop of Palestrina, to Countess Matilda of Tuscany, as well as to Cardinals Bennone and Romano. Named legate in Germany in 1099.

Death. (No date or place found). (no information found).

Bibliography. Cardella, Lorenzo. Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Stamperia Pagliarini, 1792, I, pt. 1, 205; Cristofori, Francesco. Cronotasi dei cardinali di Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Tipografia de Propaganda Fide, 1888, p. 285; "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIè siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1927. Paris : Maison de la Bonne Presse, 1928, p. 153, no. 65; Hüls, Rudolf. Kardinäle, Klerus und Kirchen Roms: 1049-1130. 1 aufl. Tübingen: Max Niemeyer, 1977. (Bibliothek des Deutschen Historischen Instituts in Rom: Bd. 48), p. 251, no. 21; Mas Latrie, Louis. Trésor de chronologie d'histoire et de géographie pour l'étude et l'emploi des documents du moyen âge. Paris : Librairie Victor Palmé, 1889, col. 1160. Regesta pontificum Romanorum ab conditio Ecclesia. Ad annum post Christum natum MCXCVIII. Graz : Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt, 1956. 2 v. Reprint. Originally published : Lipsiae : Veit et comp., 1885-1888. Original t.p. included : Regesta pontificum Romanorum ab condita ecclesia : ad annum post Christum natum MCXCVIII. Editionem secundam correctam et auctam edidit Philippus Jaffè ; auspiciis Gulielmi Wattenbach; curaverunt S. Loewenfeld, F. Kaltenbrunner, P. Ewald, I, .

(47) 7. ROGERO (?-?)

Birth. (No date or place found). He is also listed as Roger and as Rogerius.

Education. (No information found).

Early life. In a document of April 1088, he is mentioned as cardinal subdeacon; he later became a deacon.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal deacon in a consistory celebrated in 1095; his deaconry is not known (1). Subscribed a papal bull issued in February 1095 in Cremona, in favor of the monastery of S. Egidio, which was confirmed in the Council of Piacenza; and in March 1096. Attended the Synod of Piacenza in March 1095.

Death. (No date or place found). Buried (no information found).

Bibliography. Cardella, Lorenzo. Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Stamperia Pagliarini, 1792, I, pt. 1, 205; "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIè siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1927. Paris : Maison de la Bonne Presse, 1928, p. 153, no. 66; Hüls, Rudolf. Kardinäle, Klerus und Kirchen Roms: 1049-1130. 1 aufl. Tübingen: Max Niemeyer, 1977. (Bibliothek des Deutschen Historischen Instituts in Rom: Bd. 48), p. 253, no. 27; Regesta pontificum Romanorum ab conditio Ecclesia. Ad annum post Christum natum MCXCVIII. Graz : Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt, 1956. 2 v. Reprint. Originally published : Lipsiae : Veit et comp., 1885-1888. Original t.p. included : Regesta pontificum Romanorum ab condita ecclesia : ad annum post Christum natum MCXCVIII. Editionem secundam correctam et auctam edidit Philippus Jaffè ; auspiciis Gulielmi Wattenbach; curaverunt S. Loewenfeld, F. Kaltenbrunner, P. Ewald, I, 657.

(1) This is according to "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIè siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1927, p. 153, no. 66. Hüls, Kardinäle, Klerus und Kirchen Roms: 1049-1130, p. 253, no. 27, says that he first appears as cardinal deacon in a document of August 1, 1089; and that around the year 1093, he went to England as legate.