(70) 1. ALLUCINGOLI, O.Cist., Ubaldo (ca. 1097/1110-1185)

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest of S. Prassede in a consistory celebrated ca. May 1141 (2). Subscribed papal bulls issued between June 21, 1141 and April 26, 1143; December 1, 1143 and March 8, 1144; March 15 and May 10, 1144; December 21, 1145 and May 16, 1153; September 8, 1153 and June 9, 1154; December 19, 1154 and November 6, 1158. Legate of Pope Innocent II in France. Participated in the papal election of 1143, which elected Pope Celestine II. Participated in the papal election of 1144, which elected Pope Lucius II. Participated in the papal election of 1145, which elected Pope Eugenius III. Took part in the preparation of the Treaty of Constance with Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa in March 1153. Participated in the papal election of 1153, which elected Pope Anastasius IV. Participated in the papal election of 1154, which elected Pope Adrian IV. He led the negotiations that concluded with the treaty of Benevento with William I of Sicily in June 1156.

Episcopate. Opted for the order of cardinal bishops and the suburbicarian see of Ostia e Velletri in December 1158. Consecrated in 1159 (no further information found). Participated in the papal election of 1159, which elected Pope Alexander III. Subscribed papal bulls issued between January 1 and June 23, 1159; October 15, 1159 and May 24, 1181. Dean of the Sacred College of Cardinals in 1163. Legate in Sicily, 1166-1167; he had supported an alliance with the king of Sicily and the Lombard cities rather than with the emperor. Legate in Constantinople, 1167 and 1168-1169. He headed the negotiations that concluded with the peace of Venice in 1177, which ended the papal schism of 1159-1177; the emperor nominated him to the commission for settling remaining issues left open by the peace. Participated in the papal election of 1181 and was elected pope.

Papacy. Elected Pope Lucius III on September 1, 1181, at the Lateran Palace. Crowned, September 6, 1181, in Velletri, by Cardinal Giacinto Bobone, protodeacon of S. Maria in Cosmedin. He named seventeen cardinals in five consistories.

Death. November 25, 1185, Verona. Buried in the cathedral of Verona.

Bibliography. Andrews, F. "Lucius III, Pope." New Catholic Encyclopedia. 15 vols. 2nd ed. Detroit: Gale, 2003., VIII, 847-848; Cardella, Lorenzo. Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Stamperia Pagliarini, 1792, I, pt. 2, 27-29; ; Chacón, Alfonso. Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm ab initio nascentis Ecclesiæ vsque ad Vrbanvm VIII. Pont. Max. 2 volumes. Romae : Typis Vaticanis, 1677, I, col. 999-1000 and 1109-1122; Del Re, Niccolò. "Lucio III." Mondo vaticano. Passato e presente. Città del Vaticano : Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 1995, p. 675-676; "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIIè siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1928. Paris : Maison de la Bonne Presse, 1928, p. ; Kelly, John Norman Davidson. The Oxford Dictionary of Popes. Oxford ; New York : Oxford University Press, 1986, p. 180-181; Merlo, Grado Giovanni. "Lucio III." Enciclopedia dei papi. 3 vols. Roma : Istituto della Enciclopedia italiana, 2000, II, 308-311; Regesta pontificum Romanorum ab conditio Ecclesia. Ad annum post Christum natum MCXCVIII. Graz : Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt, 1956. 2 v. Reprint. Originally published : Lipsiae : Veit et comp., 1885-1888. Original t.p. included : Regesta pontificum Romanorum ab condita ecclesia : ad annum post Christum natum MCXCVIII. Editionem secundam correctam et auctam edidit Philippus Jaffè ; auspiciis Gulielmi Wattenbach; curaverunt S. Loewenfeld, F. Kaltenbrunner, P. Ewald, I, 840; and II, 1, 7, 20, 90, 102 and 145.

Webgraphy. Biography by Grado Giovanni Merlo, in Italian, Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani - Volume 66 (2006), Treccani; biography by Michael Ott, in English, The Catholic Encyclopedia; biography, in English, Encyclopaedia Britannica; his engraving and biography, in English, Wikipedia; his portrait and biography, in Italian (mostly on his pontificate), Cronolgia Leonardo; his image from the "Liber ad honorem Augusti" of Petrus of Ebulo, 1196, Wikimedia; five engravings, Bilarchiv Austria, Österreichischen Nationalbibliothek; his engraving, Biblioteca comunale dell'Archiginnasio, Bologna; his tomb, effigy and the cathedral of Verona, Find a Grave.

(1) Although most sources indicate that he was a Cistercian, others do not mention it. Andrews, "Lucius III, Pope." New Catholic Encyclopedia, VIII, 847, says that it seems that he was never a monk.
(2) Several sources say that he was created cardinal deacon of S. Adriano in 1138, perhaps confusing him with Cardinal Ubaldo (1138).

(71) 2. GILBERTO (?-1149)

Cardinalate. Created cardinal deacon of S. Adriano in the consistory celebrated at the end of 1141. Subscribed a papal bull issued on March 23, 1142. Participated in the papal election of 1143, in which Pope Celestine II was elected. Opted for the order of cardinal priests and the title of S. Marco on December 17, 1143 (1). Subscribed papal bulls issued between December 23, 1143 and March 4, 1144; March 15, 1144 and January 31, 1145; April 5, 1145 and May 6, 1149. Participated in the papal election of 1144, in which Pope Lucius II was elected. Participated in the papal election of 1145, in which Pope Eugenius III was elected.

Death. Shortly after May 6, 1149 (2), (no place found). Buried (no information found).

Bibliography. Brixius, Johannes Matthias. Die Mitglieder des Kardinalkollegiums von 1130-1181. Berlin : R. Trenkel, 1912, p. 42, no. 12; Cardella, Lorenzo. Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Stamperia Pagliarini, 1792, I, pt. 2, 34; Chacón, Alfonso. Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm ab initio nascentis Ecclesiæ vsque ad Vrbanvm VIII. Pont. Max. 2 volumes. Romae : Typis Vaticanis, 1677, I, col. 1002-1003; "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIIè siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1928. Paris : Maison de la Bonne Presse, 1928, p. 132; Regesta pontificum Romanorum ab conditio Ecclesia. Ad annum post Christum natum MCXCVIII. Graz : Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt, 1956. 2 v. Reprint. Originally published : Lipsiae : Veit et comp., 1885-1888. Original t.p. included : Regesta pontificum Romanorum ab condita ecclesia : ad annum post Christum natum MCXCVIII. Editionem secundam correctam et auctam edidit Philippus Jaffè ; auspiciis Gulielmi Wattenbach; curaverunt S. Loewenfeld, F. Kaltenbrunner, P. Ewald, I, 840; and II, 1, 7 and 20.

(1) A plaque in the church of S. Marco commemorates his option to that tile. This is the text of the inscription, taken from Chacón, Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm, I, col. 1002:

(72) 3. GREGORIO (?-after February 15, 1145)

Cardinalate. Created cardinal deacon probably in the consistory celebrated at the end of 1141; his deaconry is not known (1). He subscribed the papal bulls issued on January 12, 1142, as S.R.E. indignus diaconus cardinalis. Participated in the papal election of 1144, in which Pope Lucius II was elected. Subscribed papal bulls issued between March 15, 1144 and April 15, 1144, as indignus (serviens) S.R.E. diaconus. Participated in the papal election of 1145, in which Pope Eugenius III was elected.

Death. After February 15, 1145, (no place found). Buried (no information found).

(1) Perhaps he is identical to Gregorio, cardinal deacon of the Holy Roman Church, listed by Cardella, Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa, vol. I, pt. 2, 44, among the creations of Pope Celestine II in 1144.

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