The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church

Biographical Dictionary
[Antipope] Benedict XIII (1394-1423)
Consistory of December 21, 1397 (III)
Celebrated in Pont de la Sorgne, Avignon


(6) 1. ANGLESOLA, Berenguer de (?-1408)

Birth. (No date found), Gerona (?). Of one of the most noble families of Catalonia. His mother's name was Constanza. His last name is also listed as d'Anglesola. He was called the Cardinal of Gerona.

Education. Studied law at the University of Bologna; obtained a baccalaureate and a doctorate in utroque iure, both canon and civil law.

Early life. On August 8, 1381, King Pedro IV of Aragón asked the bishop and chapter of Lérida for a canonicate for nobleman Berenguer de Anglesola; the request was granted and the king thanked them on June 30, 1382; by then Canon Anglesola was also member of the cathedral chapter of Gerona and rector of the Studio of Bologna. In May 1382, the king also proposed him for a papal dignity and on July 30, 1382, requested for Canon Anglesola the pabordia of Lérida. In 1383, the king of Aragón proposed him for the see of Huesca.

Episcopate. Elected bishop of Huesca, January 18, 1383. Transferred to the see of Gerona, December 14, 1384; took the oath of loyalty and visited his cathedral on February 15, 1385. Consecrated, August 5, 1385, at the cathedral of Gerona, by Garsías Fernández de Heredia, archbishop of Zaragoza, assisted by Arnaldus Simonis, O.P., bishop of Ottana and by Giovanni, bishop of Doglia. He later visited the church of San Félix, of Gerona. On March 18, 1387, he paid homage to King Juan I for the fiefdoms that he possessed in Mallorca. On July 10, 1387, he consecrated Bishop Geraldo de Requesens of Lérida. Probably in that same year, 1387, Cardinal Pedro Martínez de Luna y Gotor, legate of Antipope Clemente VII, celebrated a reform council in Gerona, which was attended by the majority of the bishops of the kingdom of Aragón. In 1391, he attended a provincial council in Tarragona. The election of Antipope Benedict XIII on September 28, 1394, marked a change in the course in the life of Bishop Anglesola; from then on, his activities unfolded around the Aragonese antipope and he was seen only sporadically in his diocese. He was with the antipope in mid-1395 during the embassy of the three French dukes; and months later, the antipope charged him with a diplomatic mission before the king of Aragón, who sent him to the Castillian court.

Cardinalate. Created pseudocardinal priest of S. Clemente in the consistory of December 21, 1397; retained the administration of his see until his death. Legate before King Martin I of Sicily. He was one of the five pseudocardinals who did not leave Avignon when on September 1, 1398 all the others left Antipope Benedict XIII and settled on the other side of the river Rhone, Fearing for his life, Pseudocardinal Anglesola soon entered the pontifical palace. His house of Avignon was sacked. During the blockade of the papal palace, the pseudocardinal of Gerona mounted guard all the evenings until midnight and was on the verge of perishing. When calm was restored after the flight of Antipope Benedict XIII, Pseudocardinal Berenguer was able to accompany the corpse of his mother, Constanza de Anglesola, from Gerona to Poblet, depositing it in the pantheon of the his ancestors. Three years later, in 1404, he visited his cathedral and embarked in one of the two great galeras that were armed in Barcelona to go to Italy by order of the antipope, who dreamed of seizing Rome. In Saona the pseudocardinal learned that King Martín of Aragón, on his way to Barcelona, was going to be provided with accommodations in the episcopal palace of Gerona. Pseudocardinal Anglesola immediately ordered his camerlengo, on March 15, 1406, to remove his private library and put it away safely in the treasury of the cathedral; the books constituted his greatest treasure and he did not want to expose them to the greed of the king. They were fifty three works, in its majority juridical, although they also included some in medicine, history, literature, spirituality and Sacred Scriptures. Named in Savona, on May 29, 1406, bishop of the suburbicarian see of Porto e Santa Rufina. In 1408, he accompanied Antipope Benedict XIII in his trip to Italy to meet with Pope Gregory XII; he returned with the antipope and he was preparing to participate in the Council of Perpignan, when he died in that city just after having arrived.

Death. August 23, 1408 (1), Perpignan. Buried in a sepulchre of white marble, attributed to Pere Oller, on the side of the Gospel, in the presbytery of the cathedral of Gerona; in the 19th century, the funeral monument did not have its epitaph.

Bibliography. Chacón, Alfonso. Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm ab initio nascentis Ecclesiæ vsque ad Vrbanvm VIII. Pont. Max. 2 volumes. Romae : Typis Vaticanis, 1630, II, col. 739; "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. VI. Les cardinaux du Grand Schisme (1378-1417)". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1931. Paris : Maison de la Bonne Presse, 1931, p. 155; Eubel, Conradus and Gulik, Guglielmus van. Hierarchia Catholica Medii Aevi. Volumen I (1198-1431). Münich : Sumptibus et Typis Librariae Regensbergianae, 1913; reprint, Padua : Il Messagero di S. Antonio, 1960, pp. 30, 37, 41, 262 and 379; Goñi Gaztambide, José. "Anglesola, Berenguer de." Diccionario de historia eclesiástica de España. 4 vols and Supplement. Dirigido por Quintín Aldea Vaquero, Tomás Marín Martínez, José; Vives Gatell. Madrid : Instituto Enrique Flórez, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 1972-1975; Suplemento (1987), suppl. 31-32.

Webgraphy. Biography by Miguel Ángel Motis Dolader, in Spanish, DB~e, Diccionario Biográfico Español; El contracte del sepulcre del cardenal Berenguer d'Anglesola, in Catalan, Locvs Amoenvs; another view of his tomb, flickr; his arms, Araldica Vaticana.

(1) This is according to Goñi Gaztambide, "Anglesola, Berenguer de." Diccionario de historia eclesiástica de España, suppl. 31; "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. VI. Les cardinaux du Grand Schisme (1378-1417)". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1931, p. 155, says that he died on August 26, 1408.

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(7) 2. AMMANNATI, Bonifacio (?-1399)

Birth. (No date found), Pistoia. Son of Donato Ammannati and Lippa Ricciardi. Brother of Pseudocardinal Tommaso Ammannati (1385). He was called the Cardinal of S. Adriano.

Education. Studied law at the University of Padua around 1370.

Early life. Professor of law at Avignon. He served Antipopes Clement VII and Benedict XIII in diplomatic missions. Named protonotary apostolic by Antipope Benedict XIII. He was a renowned jurisconsult.

Cardinalate. Created pseudocardinal deacon of S. Adriano in the consistory of December 21, 1397, despite the fact was a layman. He was imprisoned for treason by French Marshal Jean II le Meingre Boucicaut, when he was negotiating, together with Pseudocardinal Martín de Zalba, with a delegation of dissident cardinals in October 1398; he was freed by paying ransom, after five months of captivity; he decided to leave Avignon, where Antipope Benedict XIII was sieged in May 1399; he tried to escape in disguise but was recognized and jailed in Aïgues Mortes, where he died.

Death. July 19, 1399 (1), assassinated, Aïgues Mortes. Buried (no information found).

Bibliography. Chacón, Alfonso. Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm ab initio nascentis Ecclesiæ vsque ad Vrbanvm VIII. Pont. Max. 2 volumes. Romae : Typis Vaticanis, 1630, II, col. 739; "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. VI. Les cardinaux du Grand Schisme (1378-1417)". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1931. Paris : Maison de la Bonne Presse, 1931, p. 154-155; Eubel, Conradus and Gulik, Guglielmus van. Hierarchia Catholica Medii Aevi. Volumen I (1198-1431). Münich : Sumptibus et Typis Librariae Regensbergianae, 1913; reprint, Padua : Il Messagero di S. Antonio, 1960, pp. 30 and 48; Maffei, D. "Profilo di Bonifacio Ammannati giurista e cardinale", in Genèse et débuts du Grand Schisme d'Occident : [colloque tenu à] Avignon, 25-28 septembre 1978. Edited by Jean Favier. Paris : Éditions du Centre national de la recherche scientifique, 1980. (Colloques internationaux du Centre national de la recherche scientifique ; no 586), pp. 239-351.

Webgraphy. Biography, in Italian, Wikipedia; his arms, Araldica Vaticana.

(1) This is according to "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. VI. Les cardinaux du Grand Schisme (1378-1417)". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1931, p. 155; and Eubel, Hierarchia Catholica Medii Aevi, I, 30; the latter source, on p. 48, says that he died in October 1399; Chacón, Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm, II, col. 739, says that he died in March 1399 and adds that it is also said that he died in 1403.

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(8) 3. BAR, Louis de (ca. 1370/1375-1430)

Birth. Ca. 1370/1375, (no place found), France. Sixth son of Duke Robert I of Bar and Marie of France. Nephew of King Jean II le Bon of France. His last name is also listed as Barro and as Baro. He was called the Cardinal of Bar.

Education. Educated in the court of his father.

Episcopate. Elected bishop of Langres in April 2, 1395; he celebrated a synod.

Cardinalate. Created pseudocardinal deacon of S. Agata in the consistory of December 21, 1397; retained the administration of his see until 1413. He was in Avignon in 1403. Left the obedience of Antipope Benedict XIII in 1408 and was deposed by him on October 21 of that year. Attended in the Council of Pisa. Participated in the conclave of 1409, which elected Antipope Alexander V and joined the obedience of that antipope.

Priesthood. Ordained on June 29, 1409 by Cardinal Niccolò Brancaccio, bishop of Albano. Promoted to the order of cardinal priests with the title of Ss. XII Apostoli on July 2, 1409. Legate of Antipope Alexander V in France and Germany; left Pisa on July 13, 1409. Did not participate in the conclave of 1410, which elected Antipope John XXIII because he was in his legation. Joined the obedience of Antipope John XXIII, who accepted his resignation as legate that he presented through the abbot of Saint-Jean de Reims. Named bishop of the suburbicarian see of Porto e Santa Rufina, September 22, 1412; occupied the see until his death. Consecrated bishop (no information found). Administrator of the see of Châlon sur Marne, September 20, 1413 until January 10, 1420. Attended the Council of Constance. Heir of the estates of his father, he became duke of Bar in 1415. Did not participate in the conclave of 1417, which elected Pope Martin V. On August 13, 1419, he donated the duchy of Bar and the marquisette of Pont-à-Mousson to René de Anjou, future king of Naples in 1435. Administrator of the see of Verdun, January 10, 1420 until March 3, 1423. Administrator of the see of Poitiers, March 3, 1423 until February 14, 1424. Administrator of the see of Verdun, again, February 14, 1424 until his death.

Death. June 23, 1430, Varennes. Buried in the chapel of Saint-Martin, which he had built, in the cathedral of Notre-Dame-de-l'Assomption, Verdun (1).

Bibliography. Chacón, Alfonso. Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm ab initio nascentis Ecclesiæ vsque ad Vrbanvm VIII. Pont. Max. 2 volumes. Romae : Typis Vaticanis, 1630, II, col. 740; "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. VI. Les cardinaux du Grand Schisme (1378-1417)". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1931. Paris : Maison de la Bonne Presse, 1931, p. 155; Eubel, Conradus and Gulik, Guglielmus van. Hierarchia Catholica Medii Aevi. Volumen I (1198-1431). Münich : Sumptibus et Typis Librariae Regensbergianae, 1913; reprint, Padua : Il Messagero di S. Antonio, 1960, pp. 30, 37, 40, 48, 175, 399 and 531.

Webgraphy. His arms and biography, in English, Wikipedia; his genealogy, A1 D2 E6, euweb.cz; his episcopal ring, cathedral of Notre-Dame-de-l'Assomption, Verdun, France, Ministère de la culture, Médiathèque du patrimoine; his arms, Araldica Vaticana.

(1) This is the text of his epitaph taken from Chacón, Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm, II, col. 742:

His situs est fulgens LVDOVICVS laude perenni,
Quem Barrs genuit gens generosa Ducum.
Filia Regis erat genitrix, de culmine summo
Francorum, & cunctæ nobilitatis apex.
Hunc decus & mores, quomdam celebrare solebant
Dum Portuensis Cardine dignus erat
Egregius pariter præsentis Pastor ovilis
Ac Virdunensis Pontificalis honos
Ambiguis certa præponens, tuta timendis,
Spreuit opes Orbis Religione fruens.
At quia non moritur virtus, quid Parca tulisti?
Clara per æternos stat sibi fama dies.
Mille quater centum ter denos iunxerat annos
Delius & Iunii tempora a mensis erant.
Nunc Martis precibus, æterna dona quietis
Illo pro meritis det Deus omnipotens.

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