The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church

Biographical Dictionary
Nicholas V (1447-1455)
Consistory of December 19, 1449 (IV)


(9) 1. ARCES, Jean d' (1370s-1454)

Birth. 1370s, Montiers, France. Of a noble family of the parish of Saint-Imier, near Grenoble. His last name is also listed as Arci and as Arsy. Called the Cardinal of Tarentaise.

Education. Licentiate in canon law.

Early life. Canon of Saint-Augustine. Prior of Saint-Valentin, Bissy, Savoie, in 1415. Successor of his uncle Hugues d'Arces as provost of Grand-Saint-Bernard (Montjou), diocese of Sion, 1419 to 1438. In the general chapter of Etoy in 1437, he promulgated new statutes for the provostship; they were ephemeral but in part they serve as a precedent for the constitutional reforms of 1438.

Sacred orders. (No information found).

Episcopate. Elected archbishop of Tarentaise, February 28, 1438; occupied the post until his death. Consecrated (no information found). He took part in the Council of Basle; he was the representative of the council's president, Cardinal Louis Aleman; he was one of the electors of Antipope Felix V on November 5, 1439.

Cardinalate. Created pseudocardinal priest by Antipope Felix V in Genève on April 6, 1444; received the title of Ss. Nereo ed Achilleo. He submitted to Pope Nicholas V, who absolved him; created cardinal in the consistory of December 19, 1449; published the following day with the title of Ss. Nereo ed Achilleo.

Death. December 12, 1454, Moûtiers. Buried in Moûtiers.

Bibliography. Cardella, Lorenzo. Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Stamperia Pagliarini, 1793, III, 121-122; Chacón, Alfonso. Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm ab initio nascentis Ecclesiæ vsque ad Vrbanvm VIII. Pont. Max. 4 volumes. Romae : Typis Vaticanis, 1677, II, col. 945 and 976; "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. VII. Les cardinaux de la fin du XVe siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1932. Paris : Maison de la Bonne Presse, 1932, p. 150; Eubel, Conradus and Gulik, Guglielmus van. Hierarchia Catholica Medii Aevi. Volumen II (1431-1503). Münich : Sumptibus et Typis Librariae Regensbergianae, 1914; reprint, Padua : Il Messagero di S. Antonio, 1960, pp. 10, 11, 64 and 245.

Webgraphy. Biography, in French, Dictionnaire historique de la Suisse (DHS); his arms, last one on the first row, no. 39, Araldica Vaticana; La famille d'Arces, in French; he is mentioned in "Des ecclésiastiques".

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(10) 2. LA PALUD, O.S.B., Louis de (1370/1380-1451)

Birth. Between 1370 and 1380, Châtillon La Palud (?). Son of Aymé de La Palud, seigneur of Varambon, and Alix de Corgenon. His last name is also listed as La Palu de Varambon. He was called the Cardinal of Varambon or of Maurienne.

Education. Obtained a doctorate in La Sorbonne University, Paris. Entered the Order of Saint Benedict (Benedictines) in Tournus, diocese of Châlons-sur-Saône.

Priesthood. Ordained (no further information found). Abbot of Ambronnay, 1404. Abbot of Tournus, 1413. Attended the Council of Constance. Guardian of the conclave of 1417. Deputy to the Council of Sienna of 1423. Deputy to the Council of Basle, where he was elected bishop of Lausanne.

Episcopate. Elected bishop of Lausanne, June 6, 1431, in the Council of Basle. Consecrated (no information found). Transferred to the see of Avignon, November 4, 1433; the appointment did not have any practical effect. Sent by the council before Pope Eugenius IV. Went to Greece to promote the union with the Greek Orthodox. Returned to Basle and adhered himself to Antipope Felix V.

Cardinalate. Created pseudocardinal priest by Antipope Felix V on April 12, 1440 in Thonon with the title of S. Susanna (1). Transferred to the see of Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne, toward July 1441; occupied the see until his death. Prior commendatario of Aiton from 1445. Submitted himself to Pope Nicholas V, who absolved him. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of December 19, 1449; published the following day; received the title of S. Anastasia on January 12, 1450; entered Rome on December 11, 1450; received the red hat the following day; the final ceremonies of his cardinalitial creation took place on December 15, 1450. Named papal legate.

Death. September 21, 1451 (2), Rome. Buried in the patriarchal Vatican basilica.

Bibliography. Cardella, Lorenzo. Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Stamperia Pagliarini, 1793, III, 122; Chacón, Alfonso. Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm ab initio nascentis Ecclesiæ vsque ad Vrbanvm VIII. Pont. Max. 4 volumes. Romae : Typis Vaticanis, 1677, II, col. 938, no. 1; and col. 977, no. 11; "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. VII. Les cardinaux de la fin du XVe siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1932. Paris : Maison de la Bonne Presse, 1932, p. 144, no. 1; and 150, no 10; Eubel, Conradus and Gulik, Guglielmus van. Hierarchia Catholica Medii Aevi. Volumen II (1431-1503). Münich : Sumptibus et Typis Librariae Regensbergianae, 1914; reprint, Padua : Il Messagero di S. Antonio, 1960, pp. 9, 11, 30, 61, 100, 173, and 187-188.

Webgraphy. Biography, in French, Dictionnaire historique de la Suisse (DHS); his image by Donato Arsnio Mascagni; his arms, first one on the third row, no. 43, Araldica Vaticana.

(1) This is according to "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. VII. Les cardinaux de la fin du XVe siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1932. Paris : Maison de la Bonne Presse, 1932, p. 144, no. 1; the same source, p. 150, no. 10, says that he received the title of S. Cecilia on January 20, 1440. Chacón, Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm, II, col. 938, no. 1, says that he rceived the title of S. Cecilia; and on col. 977, no. 11, says that he accepted the title of S. Anastasia from Pope Nicholas V instead of his title of S. Cecilia. Eubel, Hierarchia Catholica Medii Aevi, II, 9 and 61 indicates that he received the title of S. Susanna and does not mention him as occupant of the title of S. Cecilia.
(2) This is according to Eubel, Hierarchia Catholica Medii Aevi, II, 11, n. 7. Cardella, Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa, III, 122, says that he died in 1451 or 1455.

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(11) 3. ESTAING, O.S.B., Guillaume-Hugues d' (?-1455)

Birth. (No datew found), Etain, diocese of Verdun. Son of Hugues, called also Huln. He is also listed in German sources as Wilhelm Huhn. His last name is also listed as de Stagno; and as Estain de Murollis. He was called the Cardinal of Metz.

Education. Obtained a doctorate in utroque iure, both canon and civil law. Entered the Order of Saint Benedict (Benedictines).

Priesthood. Ordained (no further information found). Archdeacon of Verdun. Archdeacon of Metz. Sent to the Council of Basle. In 1437, he was a member of the conciliar commission that reported on the bad administration of the church by Pope Eugenius IV. He was one of the electors of Antipope Felix V on November 5, 1439.

Cardinalate. Created pseudocardinal priest by Antipope Felix V on April 6, 1444 in Genève, with the title of S. Marcello; he declined, and joined the obedience of Pope Nicholas V, who absolved him. Created cardinal priest by Pope Nicholas V in the consistory of December 19, 1449; published the following day; received the title of S. Sabina on January 12, 1450; entered Rome on November 30, 1450; received the red hat the following day; the final ceremonies of his cardinalitial creation took place on December 11, 1450.

Episcopate. Elected bishop of Sion, March 1, 1451; the cathedral chapter preferred its dean, Henri Asperlin; a confused situation ensued; and the cardinal resigned the government of the see on September 11, 1454. Consecrated (no information found). Named count of Valais. Attended the secret consistory of October 27, 1451. Camerlengo of the Sacred College of Cardinals, November 1452 to November 5, 1453. Named bishop of Fréjus, June 27, 1453; occupied the see until his death. Participated in the conclave of 1455, which elected Pope Callistus III.

Death. October 28, 1455, Rome. Buried in the chapel of the Rosary in the basilica of S. Sabina, Rome (1).

Bibliography. Cardella, Lorenzo. Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Stamperia Pagliarini, 1793, III, 122-123; Chacón, Alfonso. Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm ab initio nascentis Ecclesiæ vsque ad Vrbanvm VIII. Pont. Max. 4 volumes. Romae : Typis Vaticanis, 1677, II, col. 946 and 977; "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. VII. Les cardinaux de la fin du XVe siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1932. Paris : Maison de la Bonne Presse, 1932, p. 150; Eubel, Conradus and Gulik, Guglielmus van. Hierarchia Catholica Medii Aevi. Volumen II (1431-1503). Münich : Sumptibus et Typis Librariae Regensbergianae, 1914; reprint, Padua : Il Messagero di S. Antonio, 1960, pp. 11, 30, 31, 64, 155 and 233.

Webgraphy. Biography, in French, Dictionnaire historique de la Suisse (DHS); biography, in French, Wikipédia; his engraving and arms, Araldica Vaticana.

(1) This is the text of his epitaph taken from Chacón, Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm, II, 977:

Hugonis Guiliermus eram consltus utroque
Iure, sed è Stagno Virdunis natus in oris.
Presbyter intactæ titulo præstante Sabinæ
Inter Cardineos donatus denique Patres.
Obiit Anno MCCCCLV. Die Octobr. xxviii.

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Note. In this consistory, Pope Nicholas V absolved Louis Aleman, C.R.S.J., and restored his cardinalate. Cardinal Aleman had been created cardinal by Pope Eugenius IV; this pope excommunicated and deposed him on December 11, 1440, after his participation in the Council of Basle; in the election of Antipope Felix V; and in his consecration and coronation.

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