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Birth. June 15, 1936, Long Beach, archdiocese of Los Angeles, United States of America. Of a family of Portuguese origin. Son of Joseph Levada, Jr. (1900–1970), and Lorraine Nunez Levada (1905–2000), both natives of Concord in the San Francisco Bay area. His parents had moved south from Martinez only a few months before his birth. His great-grandparents were from Portugal and Ireland, and emigrated to the San Francisco Bay Area in the 1860s. He was baptized in the church of the Holy Innocents, Long Beach. He had one older sister, Dolores Levada Sartain (1932–2007).
Education. He attended Catholic grammar schools in Long Beach, California and Houston, Texas, when his family lived there for three years; and, later, St. Anthony High School in Long Beach. He attended seminary college in the Archdiocese of Los Angeles, graduating from St. John’s Seminary in Camarillo in 1958 with a B.A. in Philosophy. From 1958 to 1962 he continued his seminary formation at the North American College in Rome; he did his theological studies at the Pontifical Gregorian University, receiving a licentiate degree (STL), magna cum laude, in sacred theology, in 1962. Besides his native English, he spoke Spanish, Italian and Portuguese.
Priesthood. Ordained, December 20, 1961, patriarchal Vatican basilica, by Martin John O'Connor, titular archbishop of Laodicea di Siria, president of the Pontifical Commission for Cinematography, Radio and Television. He spent five years in parish work in the archdiocese of Los Angeles, including part-time high school teaching and college campus ministry. After receiving his doctorate, he taught theology at St. John's Seminary School of Theology, located at Camarillo in the archdiocese of Los Angeles. During these six years he also served as the first director of Continuing Education for the Clergy in the archdiocese. In 1976, he was appointed an official of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith. During his six years of service, he continued teaching theology part-time as an instructor at the Pontifical Gregorian University. In 1982, he was assigned to be executive director of the California Catholic Conference of Bishops in Sacramento, the public policy arm of the church in California.
Episcopate. Elected titular bishop of Capri and appointed auxiliary of Los Angeles, March 24, 1983. Consecrated, May 12, 1983, St. Vibiana's cathedral, Los Angeles, by Cardinal Timothy Manning, archbishop of Los Angeles, assisted by John James Ward, titular bishop of Bria, auxiliary of Los Angeles, and by Juan Alfredo Arzube, titular bishop of Civitate, auxiliary of Los Angeles. In the same ceremony was consecrated Donald William Montrose, titular bishop of Vescovio, auxiliary of Los Angeles. His episcopal motto was "Fratres In Unum". Returning to the archdiocese of Los Angeles in 1984, he served as episcopal vicar for Santa Barbara County until his 1986 appointment as chancellor and moderator of the curia. Promoted to the metropolitan see of Portland in Oregon, July 1, 1986. From 1986 to 1993 he served as the only American bishop on the Editorial Committee of the Vatican Commission for the Catechism of the Catholic Church; he authored the Catechism's Glossary, which was published in the English-language second edition of the Catechism. Appointed coadjutor archbishop of San Francisco, August 17, 1995. Succeeded to the metropolitan see of San Francisco on December 27, 1995. Attended the Special Assembly for America of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, November 16 to December 12, 1997; named to its post-synodal council. Apostolic administrator of the diocese of Santa Rosa, July 1999 to May 2000. Named prefect of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, May 13, 2005. Attended the Eleventh General Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, October 2 to 23, 2005.
Cardinalate. Created cardinal deacon in the consistory of March 24, 2006; received the red biretta and the deaconry of S. Maria in Domnica, March 24, 2006. Decorated with the Grand Cross of Honor and Devotion of the Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of Saint John of Jerusalem of Rhodes and Malta, May 24, 2006. Participated in the 5th General Conference of the Latin American Episcopate that took place from May 13 to 31, 2007, in Aparecida, Brazil. Attended the Twelfth Ordinary General Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, October 5 to 26, 2008, on "The Word of God in the Life and Mission of the Church"; he was one of the three presidents-delegate. Named president of the Pontifical Commission "Ecclesia Dei" on July 8, 2009. Participated in the Second Special Assembly for Africa of the Synod of Bishops, October 4 to 25, 2009, Vatican City, on the theme "The Church in Africa, at the Service of Reconciliation, Justice and Peace: You Are the Salt of the Earth; You Are the Light of the World". Pope Benedict XVI accepted his resignation for age reasons from the posts of prefect of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, president of the Pontifical Commission Ecclesia Dei, president of the Pontifical Biblical Commission, and president of the International Theological Commission on July 2, 2012. Participated in the conclave of March 12 to 13, 2013, which elected Pope Francis. Confirmed as member of the Congregation for Bishops on December 16, 2013. Confirmed as counselor of the Pontifical Commission for Latin America on January 15, 2014. Confirmed as member of the Congregation for the Oriental Churches, until the expiration of his term, on February 19, 2014. Lost the right to participate in the conclave when turned eighty years old on June 15, 2016. Opted for the order of cardinal priests in the consistory of June 20, 2016 and his deaconry of S. Maria in Domnica was elevated pro hac vice to title. He resided on the grounds of St. Patrick’s Seminary in Menlo Park, California.
Death. September 25, 2019, in his sleep in the evening, in his apartment in Rome. After learning the news of the death of the cardinal, Pope Francis sent Archbishop Salvatore Joseph Cordileone of San Francisco a telegram of condolence. Analogous telegram was sent by Cardinal Pietro Parolin, secretary of State. The funeral took place in the Papal Vatican basilica presided by Cardinal Tarcisio Bertone, S.D.B., bishop of the title of Frascati, who also delivered the homily. At the end of the ceremony, Pope Francis presided over the ultima commendatio and the valedictio. Buried, Holy Cross Catholic Cemetery, Colma, San Francisco, on October 24, 2019 (1).
Bibliography. Bransom, Charles N. Ordinations of U. S. Catholic bishops 1790-1989. A chronological list. Washington, D.C. : National Conference of Catholic Bishops ; United States Catholic Conference, 1990, p. 188.
Webgraphy. Photograph and biography, in Italian, Sala Stampa della Santa Sede; photograph and biography, Holy See Press Office; photograph, biography, chronology of significant events and arms, Archdiocese of San Francisco; his arms and photograph, Araldica Vaticana; Photograph, arms and biography, in Italian Wikipedia; The San Francisco Solution by William J. Levada, First Thingas, August 1997; US cardinal arrested in Hawaii on drink-driving charge, Catholic Herald, Wednesday, 26 August 2015; Cardinal Levada on Pope Benedict, the CDF and the Prosecution of Clergy Sexual Abuse by Joan Frawley Desmond, National Catholic Register, Jan. 16, 2017; Announcement from Archbishop Salvatore J. Cordileone, Archdiocese of San Francisco, September 26, 2019; Arrested cardinal had blood alcohol level double legal limit, Associated Press, Hilo, Hawaii, April 9, 2016; Pope Francis’ summit: A cardinal’s comment by Cardinal William J. Levada, Catholic San Francisco, Ash Wednesday, March 6, 2019; Cardinal Levada, former CDF prefect, dies aged 83, Catholic News Agency, Vatican City, Sep 26, 2019 / 08:21 am; U.S. Cardinal William Levada dies in Rome, The Arlington Catholic Herald, Catholic News Service, 9/26/19; Morto il cardinale William Joseph Levada by Emanuela Campanile and Benedetta Capelli, vaticannews.va, Città del Vaticano, 26 settembre 2019, 17:37, with audio; Teologo. Addio a Levada, il primo cardinale creato da Benedetto XVI by Filippo Rizzi, Avvenire, giovedì 26 settembre 2019; Remembering Cardinal William Levada (1936-2019) by Father Raymond J. de Souza, National Catholic Register, Sep. 26, 2019; U.S. Cardinal William Levada, former doctrinal head, dies in Rome, National Catholic Reporter, Catholic News Service, Vatican City, Sep 26, 2019; Le esequie in Basilica del cardinale William Joseph Levada by Emanuela Campanile and Benedetta Capelli, vaticannews.va, Città del Vaticano, ultimo aggiornamento 27.09.2019 ore 18:11, with audio; Fallece el cardenal Levada, Ecclesia Digital, 27 septiembre, 2019; Cardinal William Levada strove to honor all the church's teachings by Michael Sean Winters. National Catholic Reporter, Sep 27, 2019; Cardinal William Levada Was Committed to the Church’s Fundamental Mission by Joan Frawley Desmond, National Catholic Register, Menlo Park, California, Oct. 4, 2019; his photograph, biography and tomb, Find a Grave.
(1) This is the text of the inscription on his vault, kindly provided by Mr. Eman Bonnici, from Malta:
1936 – 2019
SEVENTH ARCHBISHOP OF SAN FRANCISCO
1995 – 2005
PREFECT, CONGREGATION FOR THE DOCTRINE OF THE FAITH
2005 – 2012
Birth. September 23, 1934, Rodica, archdiocese of Ljubljana, Yugoslavia (now Slovenia). Seventh and youngest child of a profoundly religious family. In 1945 his family sought refuge in Austria and in 1948 went to Argentina.
Education. Entered the Congregation of the Mission (Lazarists), Buenos Aires, 1952; perpetual profession, 1957. Studied at the Pontifical Gregorian University Rome; and at Institute Catholique, Paris (doctorate in theology, 1968). Received the diaconate on October 4 1959 in the Chapel of the Lazarist Fathers, in Paris, from André-Jean-François Defebvre, C.M., impeded bishop of Ninghsien.
Priesthood. Ordained, June 29, 1960, Paris, by André-Jean-François Defebvre, C.M., expelled bishop of Ninghsien. In 1965, at the request of his superiors, returned to Yugoslavia; worked as vice-pastor; director of studies of his congregation; provincial visitor; professor of fundamental theology and missionology at the Theological Faculty of Ljubljana. Consultor of the Secretariat for Non-Believers, 1978. Transferred to that dicastery in 1981; its undersecretary, 1982; he helped organize some significant dialogue sessions with European Marxists. In 1993, the pope united the Pontifical Council for Culture and Pontifical Council for Non-Believers and appointed him secretary of the new Pontifical Council for Culture.
Episcopate. Elected archbishop of Ljubljana, March 5, 1997. Consecrated, April 6, 1997, cathedral of Ljubljana, by Alojzij Ssustar, archbishop emeritus of Ljubljana, assisted by Franc Perko, archbishop of Beograd, and by Aloysius Matthew Ambrozic, archbishop of Toronto. His episcopal motto is "Satati Inu Obstati". He successfully guided the negotiations for a new concordat to final approval in 2004. Named prefect of the Congregation for the Institutes of Consecrated Life and the Societies of Apostolic Life, February 11, 2004. Attended the Eleventh General Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, October 2 to 23, 2005.
Cardinalate. Created cardinal deacon in the consistory of March 24, 2006; received the red biretta and the deaconry of S. Francesco Saverio alla Garbatella, March 24, 2006. He is the first Slovenian cardinal since the country became independent on June 25, 1991, and when his promotion was announced, the government leaders sent their congratulations. Decorated with the Grand Cross of Honor and Devotion of the Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of Saint John of Jerusalem of Rhodes and Malta, May 24, 2006. Participated in the Fifth General Conference of the Latin American Episcopate that took place from May 13 to 31, 2007, in Aparecida, Brazil. Attended the Twelfth Ordinary General Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, October 5 to 26, 2008, on "The Word of God in the Life and Mission of the Church". Special papal envoy to preside the conclusive celebrations of the jubilar year of the Cistercian abbey of Waldsassen, Germany, which took place on November 23, 2008, in the 875th anniversary of its foundation. Special papal envoy to the celebrations for the millennium of the archdiocese of Alba Julia, Romania, which took place on September 29, 2009. Participated in the Second Special Assembly for Africa of the Synod of Bishops, October 4 to 25, 2009, Vatican City, on the theme "The Church in Africa, at the Service of Reconciliation, Justice and Peace: You Are the Salt of the Earth; You Are the Light of the World". Special papal envoy to the solemn celebrations of the twelfth centennial of the translation of the relics of Martyr Saint Trifone to Kotor, Montenegro, October 17, 2009. On January 4, 2011, Pope Benedict XVI accepted his resignation presented, by reasons of age, from the charge of prefect of the Congregation for the Institutes of Consecrated Life and the Societies of Apostolic Life and named João Braz de Aviz, until then archbishop of Brasília, Brazil, to succeed him in that charge. On November 3, 2012, he was named special papal envoy to the conclusive celebration of the 500th anniversary of the archdiocese of Ljubljana, Slovenia, which took place on December 9, 2012. Participated in the conclave of March 12 to 13, 2013, which elected Pope Francis. On May 10, 2013, he was named special papal envoy to the celebration of the 1150th anniversary of the arrival of Saints Cyril and Methodius to Slovak territory, which took place in Nitra, Slovak Republic, on July 5, 2013. Lost the right to participate in the conclave when turned eighty years old on September 23, 2014. Opted for the order of cardinal priests in the consistory of June 20, 2016 and his deaconry was elevated pro hac vice to title. On April 19, 2017, he was named special papal envoy the celebration programmed for April 26, 2017 at the National Shrine of Shkodër (Scuttari), on the occasion of the 550th anniversary of the arrival of Our Lady of Shkodra at the Church of Genazzano, dedicated to Our Lady of Good Counsel.
Webgraphy. Photograph and biography, in Italian, Sala Stampa della Santa Sede; photograph and biography, in English, Holy See Press Office; his arms, Araldica Vaticana; Il cardinale sloveno Rode attacca Papa Bergoglio by Mauro Manzin, in Italian, Il Piccolo, Trieste, Gruppo Editoriale L'Espresso; Cardinal Rode praises reconciliation acts by President Pahor and PM Janša, Total Slovenia News, Brzje, domenica 16 agosto 2020.
Birth. April 17, 1940, Poli, diocese of Tivoli, Italy. He moved to Barra, near Naples with the family at the end of the Second World War; his father, of Tuscan origin, who was a carabiniere, was deported to Germany. The mother, along with her two children, Agostino and an older sister, returned to her town, Corchiano, Viterbo, where Agostino attended the elementary school and received the Christian initiation under the guidance of the pastor, Father Domenico Anselmi, who wanted him an altar boy. When the war ended, the family could reunite and in 1949 it moved to Caserta; and then, in 1951 to Naples where the father was sent for military service. The mother's death in 1952 definitively marked Agostino's life.
Education. From 1952, he studied at the Minor Seminary of Naples; then, at the Major Archiepiscopal Seminary of Naples; and later, at the Theological Faculty of Southern Italy, S. Tommaso d'Aquino campus, Naples, where he obtained a licentiate in theology; finally, at the Pontifical Lateran University, Rome, where he earned a doctorate in utroque iure, both canon and civil law; his doctoral dissertation was on the new Code of Canon Law.
Priesthood. Ordained, July 19, 1964, Naples, by Vittorio Longo, titular bishop of Lorima, auxiliary of Naples, at the wish of the Cardinal Alfonso Castaldo, archbishop of Naples. Professor of canon at the Theological Faculty of Southern Italy, S. Tommaso d'Aquino campus, and later, dean of the campus; professor of canon law at the Pontifical Lateran University; assessor of the Italian Catholic University Federation; of the movement "Sigueme"; and of the Union of Major Religious Superiors of Italy. Rector of the Major Archiepiscopal Seminary of Naples. Regional counselor of the Catholic Action.
Episcopate. Elected titular bishop of Tortiboli and appointed auxiliary of Naples, March 23, 1989. Consecrated, May 13, 1989, cathedral of Naples, by Cardinal Michele Giordano, archbishop of Naples, assisted by Luigi Diligenza, archbishop of Capua, and by Antonio Ambrosiano, archbishop of Spoleto-Norcia. His episcopal motto is "Sequere me". Transferred to the suburbicarian see of Albano, November 13, 1999. Named prefect of the Supreme Tribunal of the Apostolic Signature and promoted to the dignity of archbishop, May 27, 2004. Resigned the pastoral government of the see of Albano, May 27, 2004. Attended the Eleventh General Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, October 2 to 23, 2005; president of the Commission for Discussion.
Cardinalate. Created cardinal deacon in the consistory of March 24, 2006; received the red biretta and the deaconry of S. Pier Damiani ai Monti di San Paolo, March 24, 2006. Decorated with the Grand Cross of Honor and Devotion of the Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of Saint John of Jerusalem of Rhodes and Malta, May 24, 2006. Named vicar general of His Holiness for Rome, pro-archpriest of the papal Lateran archbasilica and grand chancellor of the Pontifical Lateran University on June 27, 2008. Attended the Twelfth Ordinary General Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, October 5 to 26, 2008, on "The Word of God in the Life and Mission of the Church"; by papal appointment. On February 24, 2009, he was promoted by Pope Benedict XVI to the order of cardinal priests and his deaconry was elevated, pro hac vice, to title. Named member of the Council of Cardinals for the Study of the Organizational and Economic Problems of the Holy See, May 9, 2009. On January 12, 2012, the pope named him apostolic administrator of Ostia. On September 18, 2012, the pope appointed him synodal father of the Thirteenth Ordinary General Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, October 7 to 28, 2012, on the theme "The new evangelization for the transmission of the Christian faith". Participated in the conclave of March 12 to 13, 2013, which elected Pope Francis. He was confirmed as vicar of Rome on May 18, 2013. Confirmed as member of the Congregation for Bishops on December 16, 2013. Confirmed as member of the Congregation for the Causes of the Saints on December 19, 2013. Named member of the Congregation for the Oriental Churches on February 19, 2014. He was named member of the Council for the Economy for a quinquennium on March 8, 2014. He was confirmed as member of the Congregation for the Institutes of Consecrated Life and the Societies of Apostolic Life on March 29, 2014. On May 26, 2017, the pope accepted his resignation from the posts of vicar general for the diocese of Rome and archpriest of the Papal Basilica of San Giovanni in Laterano and named to succeed him in those posts Angelo De Donatis, titular bishop of Mottola, until then auxiliary of Rome, elevating him to the archiepiscopal dignity. On September 30, 2017, the pope named him member of the Supreme Tribunal of the Apostolic Signature. On November 4, 2017, he was named pontifical legate for the Basilicas of San Francesco and Santa Maria degli Angeli in Assisi, Italy. On April 17, 2020, he turned eighty years old and, therefore, lost the right to participate in the conclave.
Webgraphy. Photograph and biography, in Italian. Sala Stampa della Santa Sede; photograph and biography, in English, Holy See Press Office; photographs, documents and biography, in Italian, Vicariate of Rome; biography, in German; photographs and biography, in Italian, Santi e Beati; his photograph and arms, Araldica Vatican; Jurist and pastor. The biography of Cardinal Agostino Vallini by Gianni Cardinale, Italian Church, 30Days In the Church and in the world, international monthly magazine directed by Giulio Andreotti, issue no. 06/07 - 2008 Roma abbraccia Vallini sotto lo sguardo di Maria by Mimmo Muolo, Avvenire, 13 maggio 2014; Epifania. Il card. Vallini apre la Porta Santa al Divino Amore, Radio Vaticana, 2016-01-05; El cardenal Vallini denuncia el "degrado inaceptable" en su visita a un campamento gitano, Zenit, Roma, 13 julio 2016; "Amoris laetitia" tradotta dal cardinale vicario di Roma. Anche a lui il papa scriverà una lettera di encomio? by Sandro Magister, Gruppo Editoriale L'Espresso, 7 set 2016; Fieles de Roma no se ven representados por carteles críticos al Papa, afirma Cardenal, ACI, Roma, 06 Feb. 17 / 01:23 pm; La Diócesis de Roma, de la cual es titular el Papa, tiene nuevo Vicario General by Miguel Pérez Pichel, ACI, Vaticano, 26 May. 17 / 06:06 am; Il Cardinale Vallini: una Chiesa ricca, una città sofferente. Impegniamoci tutti. Don Dario Vitali: legame essenziale tra Papa e Roma. Lo ricorda la Festa dei Santi Pietro e Paolo, audio, news.va, 28 giugno 2017; Al cardinale Vallini la missione di risolvere la controversia tra fondazione Natuzza e Curia, Gazzetta del Sud, 22 Febbraio 2020; Beatificazione Carlo Acutis, l'omelia del cardinale Vallini, Servizio di Comunicazione del Sacro Convento di Assisi, 11 Ottobre 2020.
Birth. August 28, 1942, Caracas, Venezuela. Son of Luis Manuel Urosa Joud and Ligia Savino del Castillo de Urosa.
Education. Studied at Colegio "De La Salle", Tienda Honda, Caracas (humanities); at the Interdiocesan Seminary of Caracas, Caracas (philosophy); at Saint Augustine's Seminary, Toronto, 1962-1965 (theology); at the Pontifical Gregorian University, Rome, 1965-1971 (doctorate in dogmatic theology); while in Rome, he resided at Pontificio Colegio Pío Latino Americano. Besides his native Spanish, he speaks English, Italian, French and Latin.
Priesthood. Ordained, August 15, 1967, Caracas, by Cardinal José Humberto Quintero, archbishop of Caracas. Professor and rector of the Seminary "San José, Caracas. Rector of the Interdiocesan Seminary "Santa Rosa de Lima", Caracas. President of the Organization of Latin American Seminaries. Founder of the parochial vicariate "Santísimo Trinidad", in "Casa de tabla", a chabolas neighborhood of Caracas. Vicar general of the archdiocese of Caracas.
Episcopate. Elected titular bishop of Vegesela di Bizacena and appointed auxiliary of Caracas, July 6, 1982. Consecrated, September 22, 1982, cathedral of Santiago y Santa Ana, Caracas, by José Alí Lebrún Moratinos, archbishop of Caracas, assisted by Domingo Roa Pérez, archbishop of Maracaibo, and by Miguel Antonio Salas Salas, archbishop of Mérida. His episcopal motto was Pro mundi vita. Promoted to metropolitan see of Valencia en Venezuela, March 16, 1990. Attended the Special Assembly for America of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, November 16 to December 12, 1997. Transferred to the metropolitan see of Caracas, September 19, 2005. Elected second vice president of the Episcopal Conference of Venezuela, January 10, 2006.
Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of March 24, 2006; received the red biretta and the title of S. Maria ai Monti, March 24, 2006. Participated in the 5th General Conference of the Latin American Episcopate that took place from May 13 to 31, 2007, in Aparecida, Brazil. Named member of the Council of Cardinals for the Study of the Organizational and Economic Problems of the Holy See, May 9, 2009. Participated in the conclave of March 12 to 13, 2013, which elected Pope Francis. On October 5, 2013, the pope named him special papal envoy to the closing celebrations of the first centennial of the establishment of the ecclesiastical province of Managua, Nicaragua, programmed for December 2, 2013, but he was not able to attend due to illness; accordingly, the pope named Cardinal Nicolás de Jesús López Rodríguez, archbishop of Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, his special envoy. Confirmed as member of the Pontifical Commission for Latin America on January 15, 2014. On March 29, 2014, he was confirmed as member of the Pontifical Council for Culture until the expiration of his mandate. Confirmed as member of the Congregation for the Clergy on June 9, 2014. On July 9, 2018, Pope Francis accepted his resignation from the pastoral government of the archdiocese of Caracas. On that same date, the Pope named Cardinal Baltazar Enrique Porras Cardozo, archbishop of Mérida, apostolic administrator sede vacante et ad nutum Sanctae Sedis of the archdiocese of Caracas.
Death. September 23, 2021, at 3:15 p.m., in a clinic in Caracas, from Covid-19. The pope sent a telegram of condolence to Cardinal Baltazar Enrique Poras Cardozo, archbishop of Mérida, apostolic administrator of Caracas. The funeral was presided by Cardinal Baltazar Enrique Porras Cardozo, archbishop of Mérida and apostolic administrator of Carcas. The chargé d'affaires of the apostolic nunciature in Caracas, Monsignor Ignazio Ceffalia, read a message from Pope Francis. The late cardinal was buried on September 24, 2021, in Santa Ana metropolitan cathedral, Caracas.
Webgraphy.
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and biography, in Italian, Sala Stampa della Santa Sede;
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and biography, in English, Holy See Press Office;
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arms, Araldica Vaticana;
Birth. August 10, 1932, Batangas City, then diocese of Lipa, Philippines. Third of the seven children (four boys and three girls) of Godofredo D. Rosales and Remedios Borbon.
Education. Studied at San José Minor Seminary, Manila, 1947-1951; and later, at San José Major Seminary, Manila, 1951-1958 (philosophy and theology).
Priesthood. Ordained, March 23, 1958, cathedral of Lipa, by Alejandro Olalia, bishop of Lipa. Prefect of discipline and later rector of St. Francis de Sales Minor Seminary, Lipa 1958-1966. Spiritual director, professor, St. Francis de Sales College Seminary, Lipa, 1966-1970. Later, spiritual guide of Legio Mariae, Lipa. Parish priest, Immaculate Conception, Batangas City, 1970-1975.
Episcopate. Elected titular bishop of Esco and appointed auxiliary of Manila, August 12, 1974. Consecrated, October 28, 1974, basilica of the Immaculate Conception, Batangas City, by Bruno Torpigliani, titular archbishop of Malliana, nuncio to the Philippines, assisted by Jaime Lachica Sin, archbishop of Manila, and by Ricardo Jamin Vidal, archbishop of Lipa. His episcopal motto is Si mortuum fuerit fructum affert. In charge of District Bishop, East Antipolo, Rizal. National director of the Pontifical Mission and Aid Societies, Manila, 1977-1982. National director, Mission Society of the Philippines, 1977-1982. Rector, San Carlos Seminary, Manila, 1980-1982. Named coadjutor of Malaybalay, June 9, 1982. Succeeded to the see, September 14, 1984. Apostolic visitor of seminaries in the Philippines, 1984-1999. Attended the Eighth Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, September 30 to October 28, 1990. Promoted to the metropolitan see of Lipa, December 30, 1992. Vice-president of the Episcopal Conference of the Philippines, 1997-1999. Attended the Special Assembly for Oceania of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, November 22 to December 12, 1998; and the Tenth Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, September 30 to October 27, 2001. Transferred to the metropolitan see of Manila, September 15, 2003. Apostolic administrator of Lipa, September 15, 2003 until the appointment of a successor.
Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of March 24, 2006; received the red biretta and the title of SS. Nome di Maria a Via Latina, March 24, 2006. Named member of of the Council of Cardinals for the Study of the Organizational and Economic Problems of the Holy See, February 3, 2007. Pope Benedict XVI accepted his resignation from the pastoral government of the archdiocese of Manila on October 13, 2011, in conformity to canon 401 § 1 of the Code of Canon Law. The pope named new metropolitan archbishop of Manila Luis Antonio Gokim Tagle, until then bishop of Imus, Philippines. Cardinal Rosales was apostolic administrator of the archdiocese until the installation of his successor on December 12, 2011. Lost the right to participate in the conclave when turned eighty years old on August 10, 2012. Special papal envoy to the Tenth Plenary Assembly of the Federation of Asian Episcopal Conferences (FABC), which took place in Viêt Nam, at Xuân Lôc Diocesan Pastoral Center, from November 19 to 25, 2012, and which conclusive ceremony took place in the metropolitan cathedral of Thành-Phô Hô Chi Minh (Hôchiminh Ville). He was awarded the 2013 Global Peace Award: Service by the Global Peace Foundation.
Webgraphy. Photograph and biography, in Italian, Sala Stampa della Santa Sede; photograph and biography, in English, Holy See Press Office; photograph, arms and biography, in English, Wikipedia; photograph and biography, in English, The Official Website of the Catholic Bishops' Conference of the Philippines; his arms, Araldica Vaticana; Philippine prelate guides flock out of gridlock. With no help in sight, Cardinal Rosales directs vehicles during typhoon-caused traffic snafu. Manila, Philippines, UCA News, August 25, 2015; Filipino cardinal leads healing Rosary on TV by Joseph Peter Calleja, UCA News, Manila, September 10, 2020 06:53 AM GMT.
Birth. September 25, 1944, Marseille, Bouches-du-Rhône, France. Son of Georges and Jeanine Ricard. His father was general secretary of the Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Marseille. His baptismal names is Jean-Pierre Bernard.
Education. Studied at Lyceums of Saint-Charles and Périer, Marseille, and Thiers (bachelor in letters). Grand Seminary of Marseille (philosophy), 1962-1964; One year of National Service of Cooperation in Bamako, Republic of Mali). Seminary "des Carmes", Paris; Institut Catholique de Paris (licence in theology and habilitation for the doctorate); Institut Supérieur de Pastoral Catéchistique (diploma).
Priesthood. Ordained, October 5, 1968, church of Saint Martin, Gémenos, by Georges Jacquot, archbishop of Marseille. Pastoral work in the archdiocese of Marseille, 1968-1993: Vicar of the parish of Sainte-Émilie de Vialoar, 1970-1978; in charge of religious teaching and formation of priests and laymen and responsible of the Center of Religious Culture of Mistral, 1975-1981; diocesan delegate for the seminarians, 1975-1985; pastor of the parish of Sainte-Marguerite, 1981-1988; delegate adjunct for ecumenism, and episcopal vicar of the zone of Marseille-sud, 1984-1988; regional theologian for pastoral, 1986-1993; general secretary of the Diocesan Synod of Marseille, 1988-1991; vicar general of Cardinal Robert Coffy, archbishop of Marseille, 1988-1993.
Episcopate. Elected titular bishop of Pulcheriopoli and appointed auxiliary of Grenoble, April 17, 1993. Consecrated, June 6, 1993, cathedral of Sainte-Marie-Majeure, called La Major, Marseille, by Cardinal Robert Coffy, archbishop of Marseille, assisted by Louis Jean Dufaux, bishop of Grenoble, and by Jacques Louis Marie Joseph Fihey, bishop of Coutances et Avranches. His episcopal motto is Propter Evangelium. Coadjutor bishop of Montpellier, July 4, 1996. Succeeded to the see of Montpellier, September 6, 1996. Vice-President of the Conference of Bishops of France, November 9, 1999. Participated in the Tenth Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, September 30 to October 27, 2001. Elected president of the Conference of Bishops of France, November 6, 2001; occupied the post until November 5, 2007. Promoted to the metropolitan see of Bordeaux et Bazes, December 21, 2001. Attended the Eleventh General Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, October 2 to 23, 2005.
Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of March 24, 2006; received the red biretta and the title of S. Agostino, March 24, 2006. Elected one of the two vice-presidents of the Council of Episcopal Conferences of Europe, for a quienquennium, October 6, 2006. Named member of the Council of Cardinals for the Study of the Organizational and Economic Problems of the Holy See on October 22, 2011. Named member of the Congregation for Catholic Education on June 12, 2012. Participated in the conclave of March 12 to 13, 2013, which elected Pope Francis. He was confirmed as member of the Congregation for Catholic Education on November 30, 2013. He was named member of the Council for the Economy for a quinquennium on March 8, 2014. On March 29, 2014, he was confirmed as member of the Pontifical Council for Culture until the expiration of his mandate. On October 1, 2019, the pope accepted his resignation from the pastoral government of the archdiocese of Bordeaux. On February 3, 2022, Cardinal Kevin Farrell, prefect of the Dicastery for the Laity, Family, and Life, appointed him pontifical delegate of the Foyers de Charité. On November 7, 2022, he admitted that he had abused a 14-year-old girl decades ago and he will withdraw from his functions.
Webgraphy. Photograph and biography, in French, archdiocese of Bordeaux; photograph and biography, in Italian, Sala Stampa della Santa Sede; photograph and biography, in English, Holy See Press Office; his arms, Araldica Vaticana; Le pape François accepte la démission du cardinal Ricard, Aleteia, 01 octobre 2019; Papa Francesco accetta la rinuncia del Cardinale Jean-Pierre Ricard by Marco Mancini, ACI Stampa, Bordaux, 01 ottobre, 2019 / 2:00 PM; Papal delegate to govern group co-founded by French Catholic mystic, Catholic News Agency, Vatican City, Feb 12, 2022 / 06:05 am; Communiqué du cardinal Ricard du 7 novembre 2022, Église catholique en France, Conférence des évêques de France, lundi 7 novembre 2022; French cardinal confesses to sexual abuse by AC Wimmer, Catholic News Agency, Rome Newsroom, Nov 7, 2022 / 09:00 am; French cardinal says he abused girl, 14, The Singleton Argus, November 7 2022 - 10:08am; La confesión de un cardenal francés en un juicio por abuso: “Me comporté de manera reprobable con una joven de 14 años”, La Nación, 7 de noviembre de 2022 12:33; Abus: plusieurs évêques français mis en cause dont le cardinal Ricard by Xavier Sartre, Vatican News, Cité du Vatican, 07 novembre 2022, 18:05; French cardinal says he abused 14-year-old girl 35 years ago, AP News, Paris, November 7, 2022; French cardinal admits to abusing teen girl 35 years ago, Catholic News Service, Lourdes, France, November 7, 2022; French cardinal says he abused 14-year-old girl 35 years ago, Crux, Associated Press, Nov 7, 2022; Per il cardinale francese Jean-Pierre Ricard una possibile sospensione dei suoi diritti e prerogative?, Il Sismografo, martedì 8 novembre 2022; French Cardinal’s Admission Renews Scrutiny of Church Sexual Abuse by Aurelien Breeden, The New York Times, Paris, Nov. 8, 2022, 11:12 a.m. ET; Aveux du cardinal Ricard : le parquet de Marseille ouvre une enquête préliminaire, Le Parisien, avec AFP, 8 novembre 2022 à 12h02; French cardinal to be investigated over abuse confessions, Crux, Associated Press, Paris, Nov 9, 2022; Cardinal sins and spotty Vatican responses by Christopher R. Altieri, The Catholic World Report, November 9, 2022; Véronique Margron: "Es muy posible que el cardenal Ricard esté minimizando la magnitud de los abusos" by Jesús Bastante, Religión Digital, 10.11.2022; Violences sexuelles dans l'Église : Le Vatican va ouvrir une enquête sur le cardinal Ricard, qui a avoué des abus sur une mineure de 14 ans, L'Independant, 11/11/2022 à 16:55, with audio; Vatican opens preliminary abuse probe into French cardinal by Nicole Winfield, Crux, Rome, Nov 11, 2022; Vaticano anuncia investigación de abusos sexuales de Cardenal en Francia by Walter, Sánchez Silva, ACI Prensa, 13 de noviembre de 2022 - 3:50 PM; Cardinal Ricard : le Pape savait depuis le consistoire d’août, Aleteia, 15/12/22; Archivada en Francia una investigación contra un cardenal por "agresión sexual agravada", yahoo! finanzas, AFP, sáb., 25 de febrero de 2023 7:35 a. m. EST; Violences sexuelles dans l'Eglise: l'enquête visant le cardinal Ricard classée pour prescription by David Courbet, TV5 Monde, 25.02.2023 à 18:00; French prosecutors drop 'sexual assault' probe into cardinal, The Straits Times, Marseille, France, February 26, 2023; Cardinal Ricard: Prosecutors close case, Vatican probe continues by Luke Coppen, The Pillar, February 27, 2023 . 10:30 AM.
Birth. October 15, 1945, Utiel, archdiocese of Valencia, Spain. Third child of Jerónimo Cañizares, head of telegraphs of Utiel (+1954), and Pilar Llovera Hernández (1915-2001), both originally from Benagéber. He resided with his family in Sinarcas in his childhood and youth.
Education. Studied at the Minor Seminary of Valencia; at the Seminary of Valencia; and at the Pontifical University of Salamanca, where he obtained a doctorate in theology, specializing in catechesis.
Priesthood. Ordained, June 21, 1970, Sinarcas, Valencia, by Archbishop José María García de la Higuera of Valencia. In the archdiocese of Valencia, vice-pastor and delegate for catechesis. In the archdiocese of Madrid, professor of catechetical theology, University of Salamanca; professor of fundamental theology, Conciliar Seminary of Madrid; coadjutor of the parish of "San Gerardo"; director and professor of the Institute of Religious Science and Catechesis "San Dámaso", Madrid; responsible of the direction of studies, Seminary of Madrid; member of several commissions and secretariats of the Spanish Episcopal Conference; promoter of the "Asociación Española de Catequistas"; director of the Secretariat of the Episcopal Commission for the Doctrine of the Faith, 1985-1992. Founder and first president of Asociación Española de Catequistas. Director of the review Teología y Catequésis.
Episcopate. Elected bishop of Ávila, March 6, 1992. Consecrated, April 25, 1992, cathedral of Á;vila, by Mario Tagliaferri, titular archbishop of Formia, nuncio in Spain, assisted by Cardinal Ángel Suquía Goicoechea, archbishop of Madrid, and by Cardinal Marcelo González Martín, archbishop of Toledo. His episcopal motto is Fiat voluntas tua. Promoted to the metropolitan see of Granada, December 10, 1996. Member of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, November 10, 1996. Apostolic administrator of the diocese of Cartagena, January-October, 1998. President of the Episcopal Commission of Education and Catechesis of the Spanish Episcopal Conference, 1999. Transferred to the metropolitan see of Toledo, October 24, 2002. Vice-president of the Spanish Episcopal Conference from 2005 to 2008. Founder and first president of the Asociación Española de Catequistas.
Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of March 24, 2006; received the red biretta and the title of S. Pancrazio, March 24, 2006. Awarded a doctorate honoris causa by the University "Cardenal Herrera-CEU", Madrid, Spain, May 24, 2007. On February 24, 2008, he became académico numerario of the Real Academia de la Historia de España, to which he had been elected in December 2007. Attended the Twelfth Ordinary General Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, October 5 to 26, 2008, on "The Word of God in the Life and Mission of the Church". Named prefect of the Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments on December 9, 2008; the cardinal was apostolic administrator of the archdiocese of Toledo until the installation of his successor, Braulio Rodríguez Plaza, until then archbishop of Valladolid, on June 21, 2009. Participated in the Second Special Assembly for Africa of the Synod of Bishops, October 4 to 25, 2009, Vatican City, on the theme "The Church in Africa, at the Service of Reconciliation, Justice and Peace: You Are the Salt of the Earth; You Are the Light of the World". On June 14, 2010, he received a doctorate honoris causa from the Catholic University of Murcia, Spain. Participated in the conclave of March 12 to 13, 2013, which elected Pope Francis. Confirmed as member of the Congregation for Bishops on December 16, 2013. Confirmed as member of the Congregation for the Causes of the Saints on December 19, 2013. Confirmed as counselor of the Pontifical Commission for Latin America on January 15, 2014. Special papal envoy to Panamá for the concluding celebrations of the jubilar year proclaimed in the fifth centennial of the erection of the first diocese, Santa María la Antigua, on the mainland of the Americas, which took place on February 14-15, 2014. Transferred to the metropolitan see of Valencia on August 28, 2014. He took possession of the archdiocese in a solemn mass which was celebrated in the cathedral of Valencia on Saturday October 4, 2014. On March 14, 2017, he was elected vice-president of the Spanish Episcopal Conference for the triennium 2017-2020. On October 10, 2022, the pope accepted his resignation from the pastoral government of the archdiocese of Valencia. To succeed him, the pope named Enrique Benavent Vidal, until then bishop of Tortosa. Cardinal Cañizares was apostolic administrator of Valencia until the taking of possession of his successor on December 10, 2022.
Webgraphy.
Portrait and biography, in Spanish, archdiocese of Toledo;
photograph and biography, in
Italian, Sala Stampa della Santa Sede;
photograph and biography, in
English, Holy See Press Office;
his arms, Araldica Vaticana;
Episcopologio de la Archidiócesis de Toledo, in Spanish;
Arzobispos de Valencia, in Spanish;
Birth. December 2 (or 7) 1931, Seoul, Korea. He was the third of six children of a Catholic family. He was baptized in Seoul's cathedral and then received the sacrament of confirmation during the fourth year of elementary school. As a child he was an altar boy. In 1945, when in the second year of middle school, Korea gained independence. In the social chaos of that period, he had been influenced by atheism, but during that spiritual crisis, he attended a course of special Lenten catechesis through which he had reconnected to the faith. From an early age he had dreamed of becoming an inventor.
Education. In 1950, just on the eve of the outbreak of the Korean War, he had started attending the chemical engineering faculty of Seoul National University. The war, however, had prevented him from fulfilling his aspirations and he had had to remain hidden for a long time, overcoming serious difficulties. Due to the evolution of the war, he was forced to leave Seoul to save himself. When the city defense corps were created, he had received two weeks of training and became second lieutenant. Because of his knowledge of the English language, he found work with the U.S. army in Daegu as coordinator of workers' labors and interpreter. Then, he entered the Major Seminary of Seoul, in 1954, obtaining a bachelor's in theology; later, he studied sociology in Hong Kong; and canon law at the Pontifical Urbanian University in Rome, residing at Collegio San Pietro Apostolo, from 1968 to 1970.
Priesthood. Ordained, March 18, 1961, metropolitan cathedral of Seoul, by Paul Marie Kinam Ro, archbishop of Seoul. In the archdiocese of Seoul: vicar cooperator of the parish of Saint Joseph, 1961; professor at the Minor Seminary and notary of the curia, 1962; chancellor of the curia and undersecretary of the Catholic Conference, 1964-1965; episcopal chancellor and vice-rector of the Minor Seminary, 1966-1967; studied canon law in Rome from October 1968 until his promotion to the episcopate.
Episcopate. Elected bishop of Ch'ongju, June 25, 1970. Consecrated, October 3, 1970, church of the Holy Family, Ch'ongju, by Paul Maria Kinam Ro, titular archbishop of Tituli di Proconsulare, former archbishop of Seoul, assisted by James Vincent Pardy, titular bishop of Umbriatico, and by Peter Kong Han-Ryel, bishop of Jeon Ju. His episcopal motto was Omnibus omnia. At the time of his election, he was the youngest Korean bishop at 39 years of age. President of the Korean Episcopal Conference, 1996-1998. Attended the Special Assembly for Asia of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, April 29 to May 14, 1998. Promoted to the metropolitan see of Seoul, May 29, 1998. Apostolic administrator ad nutum Sanctae Sedis, of P'yöng-yang, June 6, 1998. During his episcopate in Seoul, he established 75 new parishes.
Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of March 24, 2006; received the red biretta and the title of S. Maria Immacolata di Lourdes a Boccea, March 24, 2006. Named member of of the Council of Cardinals for the Study of the Organizational and Economic Problems of the Holy See, February 3, 2007. In the Roman Curia, he was member of the Pontifical Council for the Family and of the Pontifical Council for Social Communications. Lost the right to participate in the conclave when turned eighty years old on December 7, 2011. His resignation from the pastoral government of the archdiocese of Seoul, according to canon 401 § 1 of the Code of Canon Law, was accepted by the pope on May 10, 2012. After resigning as archbishop of Seoul, he focused on writing and translating books at the Catholic University of Korea. He wrote and translated more than 60 books, many on canon law and catechism. He called himself “a bookworm.”
Death. April 27, 2021, 10:15 p.m., St. Mary's Hospital, Seoul. The funeral will take place on May 1, 2021 at 10 a.m. in the Myeongdong Cathedral of Seoul. Burial will be in the Catholic cemetery of Yongin, a suburb of the capital. After learning the news of the death of the Cardinal, Pope Francis sent Cardinal Andrew Yeom Soo-jung, archbishop of Seoul, a telegram of condolence. President Moon Jae-in of South Corea also expressed his condolence. The funeral Mass took place at Myeongdong Cathedral in central Seoul. Cardinal Andrew Yeom Soo-jung, Archbishop of Seoul, delivered the homily. Apostolic Nuncio to South Korea and Mongolia Alfred Xuereb, Titular Archbishop of Amantea, read a message from the Holy Father. Cardinals Pietro Parolin, secretary of State, and Luis Gokim Tagle, prefect of the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples, also sent messages of condolence. More than 46,600 mourners visited the Cathedral during a three-day mourning period through Friday April 30 to pay their last respects to the late cardinal, according to the Catholic Archdiocese of Seoul. The late cardinal was buried in the Catholic cemetery in Yongin, on the southern outskirts of Seoul, where many celebrated priests, including Cardinal Stephen Kim Sou-hwan, are entombed. Shortly after his death, the “Nicholas Cheong Missionary Scholarship Foundation” was launched in his memory by the archdiocese of Seoul. The foundation guarantees scholarships and “will be a cornerstone of pastoral care to support lay missionaries and artists” in their mission to announce the Gospel with words and deeds. The initiative, which is expected to last at least ten years, until 2031, the centenary of the birth of the Cardinal, was initiated upon his lifelong emphasis on the importance of the missionary vocation of the whole Church and the role of evangelizer of every baptized person.
Webgraphy. Photograph and biography, in Italian, Sala Stampa della Santa Sede; photograph and biography, in English, Holy See Press Office; arms and biography, in Italian, Wikipedia; biography, in English, Wikipedia; photograph and biography, in English, Catholic News Agency; his arms, Araldica Vaticana; Korean cardinal books in with former school, UCA News, July 10, 2020 04:19 AM GMT; Cardinal Cheong Jin-suk hospitalized due to ailment, Yonhap News Agency, Seoul, February 28, 2021, 15:56; Cardinal Cheong pledges organ donation, no life support treatment, by Park Ji-won, The Korean Times, 2021-03-02 16:40; At 89, Korean cardinal continues to inspire the faithful by Rock Ronald Rozario, UCA News, April 13, 2021 11:21 AM GMT; Cardinal Nicholas Cheong Jin-suk dies, Yeonhap News Agency, 23:00 April 27, 2021; 한국인 두 번째 추기경, 정진석 추기경 선종>, CPBC News, 입력 : 2021-04-27 22:25 수정 : 2021-04-28 01:58; Quando al cardinale sudcoreano Nicholas Cheong Jinsuk, deceduto oggi, la Corea del Nord dise: "Può visitarci ma con un dono cospicuo:, Il Sismografo, martedì 27 aprile 2021; South Korean cardinal dies at 89, UCA News, Seoul, April 28, 2021 03:58 AM GMT; Una vita spesa a costruire il dialogo tra le due Coree. È morto il cardinale Nicholas Cheong Jinsuk, arcivescovo emerito di Seoul, L'Osservatore Romano, 28 aprile 2021; Moon expresa sus condolencias por el fallecimiento del cardenal Nicholas Cheong Jin-suk, Yonhap News Agency, Seúl, 28/04/2021 15:44; S. Korean Catholics mourn death of Cardinal Nicholas Cheong Jin-suk, Yonhap News Agency, Seoul, 17:26 April 28, 2021; Asia/Corea del Sud - La Chiesa in lutto per la scomparsa del Cardinale Nicolas Cheong Jin-suk, il "Pastore degli ultimi", Agenzia Fides, Seoul, mercoledì, 28 aprile 2021; Moon and other mourners pay last respects to former archbishop, Korea JungAng Daily, Thursday April 29, 2021; 'Everything for everyone' set for epitaph of late Cardinal Nicholas Cheong Jin-suk, Yonhap News Agency, Seoul, 15:17 April 30, 2021; S. Koreans bid farewell to Cardinal Nicholas Cheong Jin-suk, Yonhap, 15:31 May 01, 2021; Koreans bid farewell to Cardinal Nicholas Cheong Jin-suk, The Korea Times, 2021-05-01 16:55; S. Koreans bid farewell to Cardinal Nicholas Cheong Jin-suk, The Korea Herald, May 1, 2021 - 16:56; South Korea bids farewell to Cardinal Nicholas Cheong, Independent Catholic News, May 2nd, 2021; Thousands pay tribute to South Korean cardinal, UCA News, Seoul, May 03, 2021 07:18 AM; Late Korean cardinal honored with missionary society, UCA News, October 22, 2021 08:51 AM GMT; Asia/Corea del Sud - Nasce una Fondazione missionaria intitolata al Cardinale Nicholas Cheong, Agenzia Fides, Seoul, mercoledì, 10 novembre 2021.
Birth. June 29, 1944, Lakewood, diocese of Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America. Son of Theodore O'Malley and Mary Louise Reidy. His baptismal name was Patrick. He has one sister and one brother. They were raised in South Hills in the southern suburbs of Pittsburgh and Reading, Pennsylvania.
Education. Entered the Order of the Friars Minor Capuchins; professed on July 14, 1965; took the name Seán in honor of St. John; studied at St. Fidelis Seminary, Butler, Pennsylvania; at Capuchin College, Washington, D.C.; and at The Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C. (master's in religious education; doctorate in Spanish and Portuguese literature). Besides his native English, he speaks Spanish and Portuguese, and also knows German, Italian and French.
Priesthood. Ordained, August 29, 1970, church of St. Augustine, Pittsburgh, by John Bernard McDowell, titular bishop of Tamazuca, auxiliary bishop of Pittsburgh. Faculty member, Catholic University of America, 1969-1973. Further studies, Washington, D.C. In the archdiocese of Washington, executive director of Centro Católico Hispano, archdiocese of Washington, 1973; episcopal vicar for the Hispanic, Portuguese and Haitian communities and executive director of the Office of Social Ministry, 1978. Named a knight commander of the Order of Prince Henry the Navigator in 1974; this honor was conferred by the Portuguese government for outstanding service to the Portuguese people.
Episcopate. Named coadjutor bishop of Saint Thomas, Virgin Islands, June 2, 1984. Consecrated, August 2, 1984, cathedral of Saints Peter and Paul, Saint Thomas, by Edward John Harper, C.SS.R., bishop of Saint Thomas, assisted by James Aloysius Hickey, archbishop of Washington, and by Eugene Antonio Marino, S.S.J., titular bishop of Walla Walla, auxiliary of Washington. His episcopal motto is "Quodcumque Dixerit Facite". Member of the Christian Life Community "Agrupación Católica Universitaria", founded in Cuba and now present in several cities in the United States, September 22, 1984. Succeeded to the see of Saint Thomas, October 16, 1985. Named as a chaplain ad honorem of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta, 1991. Transferred to the see of Fall River, June 16, 1992. Participated, by papal appointment, in the Special Assembly for Oceania of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, November 22 to December 12, 1998. Apostolic visitor for several seminaries in Central America and the Caribbean. Transferred to the see of Palm Beach, September 3, 2002. Promoted to the metropolitan see of Boston, July 1, 2003.
Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of March 24, 2006; received the red biretta and the title of S. Maria della Vittoria, March 24, 2006. On May 31, 2010, he was named visitor to the archdiocese of Dublin and its suffragan sees to explore more deeply questions concerning the handling of cases of abuse and the assistance owed to the victims; to monitor the effectiveness of and seek possible improvements to the current procedures for preventing abuse perpetrated by priests and religious upon minors, taking as points of reference the Pontifical Motu Proprio "Sacramentorum Sanctitatis Tutela" and the norms contained in Safeguarding Children: Standards and Guidance Document for the Catholic Church in Ireland, commissioned and produced by the National Board for Safeguarding Children in the Catholic Church. Participated in the conclave of March 12 to 13, 2013, which elected Pope Francis. On April 13, 2013, he was named by Pope Francis member of a group of cardinals to advise him in the government of the Universal Church and to study a plan for revising the apostolic constitution on the Roman Curia, Pastor Bonus. Named member of the Pontifical Commission for the Protection of Minors on March 22, 2014 and named its president. He was confirmed as member of the Congregation for the Institutes of Consecrated Life and the Societies of Apostolic Life on March 29, 2014. Confirmed as member of the Congregation for the Clergy on June 9, 2014. On August 10, 2015, he was named special papal envoy to the ceremony of the 450th anniversary of the first Holy Mass, foundational, of the city of St. Augustine, Florida, United States of America, programmed in that city on September 8, 2015. The president of the Republic of Portugal, Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa, decorated him with the Grand Cross of the Order of Prince Henry the Navigator at the Catholic University of Portugal in Lisbon on June 28, 2016. On January 14, 2017, the pope named him member of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith. On February 17, 2018, he was confirmed by the pope as head of the Pontifical Commission for the Protection of Minors for a three-year term. On October 15, 2020, he was confirmed as member of the Council of Cardinals. On March 6, 2023, the pope confirmed him as member of the Council of Cardinals to assist him in the government of the Universal Church.
Bibliography. Bransom, Charles N. Ordinations of U. S. Catholic bishops 1790-1989. A chronological list. Washington, D.C. : National Conference of Catholic Bishops ; United States Catholic Conference, 1990, p. 192.
Webgraphy. Photographs and biographical data, in
English, archdiocese of Boston; explanation of his coat of arms and episcopal motto,
in English, archdiocese of Boston;
photograph
and biography, in Italian, Sala Stampa della Santa Sede;
photograph
and biography, in English, Holy See Press Office;
his arms, Araldica Vaticana;
Birth. April 27, 1939, Raba Wyżna, archdiocese of Kraków. Son of Stanisław Dziwisz, a railroad worker, and Sofia Bielarczyk. He had six siblings, four brothers (among them Antoni, Jan); and two sisters. When he was nine years old his father died in a train accident.
Education. Studied at the Classical Lyceum of Nowy Targ (passed the exam of maturity in 1957); at the Major Seminary of Kraków (philosophy and theology); at the Faculty of Theology of Kraków, where he obtained a licentiate in theology in 1967; at the Pontifical Faculty of Theology of Kraków, where he earned a doctorate in theology in 1981; his doctoral thesis was Il culto di Santo Stanislao Vescovo a Cracovia fino al Concilio di Trento). Received the diaconate from Karol Wojtyła, titular bishop of Ombi, vicar capitular of Kraków, on March 25, 1963.
Priesthood. Ordained, June 23, 1963, cathedral of Kraków, by Karol Wojtyła, titular bishop of Ombi, vicar capitular of Kraków. Vice-pastor in the parish of Maków Podhalański, 1963-1965. Further studies in Kraków, 1966-1967. Private secretary of Karol Wojtyła, archbishop of Kraków, 1966-1978. At the same time, he was professor of liturgy at the Superior Catechetical Institute; redactor of the official newspaper of the episcopal curia Notificationes e Curia Metropolitana Cracoviensi; member and secretary of the Archdiocesan Liturgical Commission and member of the Presbyteral Council. He participated in the work of the Committee for the Holy Year, 1974-1975; and also in the General Commission and in that for divine worship and the sanctification of the time of the Archdiocesan Synod of Kraków, 1972-1979. He was co-editor of the Diocesan Ceremonial and of the Parochial Manual. Private secretary of Pope John Paul II, 1978-2005. Canon of the metropolitan cathedral chapter of Lviv, Ukraine, 1995. Protonotary apostolic de numero, 1996. Canon of the metropolitan cathedral chapter of Kraków, 1997. He is the author of Culto di San Stanislao Vescovo a Cracovia fino al Concilio di Trento (Kraków 1981; Rome 1984); and the memoir on the attempt on the life of Pope John Paul II, entitled Ho toccato questo mistero (Lublin 2001); also, he has redacted the successive volumes of the pontifical texts published in Polish by Libreria Editrice Vaticana. He also was vice-president of the John Paul II Foundation. He received the Benemerenti medal of the Pontifical Academy of Theology in Kraków; and the doctorate honoris causa of the Catholic University of Lublin, May 13, 2001.
Episcopate. Elected titular bishop of San Leone and appointed prefect adjunct of the Papal Household, February 7, 1998. Consecrated, March 19, 1998, patriarchal Vatican basilica, by Pope John Paul II, assisted by Cardinal Angelo Sodano, secretary of State, and by Cardinal Franciszek Macharski, archbishop of Kraków. In the same ceremony were consecrated James Michael Harvey, titular bishop of Memphis, prefect of the Papal Household, and Piero Marini, titular bishop of Martirana, master of pontifical liturgical celebrations. His episcopal motto is Sursum Corda. Promoted to the rank of archbishop, September 29, 2003. Transferred to the metropolitan see of Kraków, June 3, 2005. Special papal envoy to the celebrations of the 25th anniversary of the foundation of the labor union "Solidarność", that took place in Gdańsk, Poland on August 31, 2005.
Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of March 24, 2006; received the red biretta and the title of S. Maria del Popolo, March 24, 2006. On July 10, 2007, in the ancient theater of Ostia Antica, he received the "Premio Roma" for his book "A life with Karol", which was the result of a conversation with journalist Gian Franco Svidercoschi, former director of "L'Osservatore Romano" and is the testimony of his forty years of friendship and service to Pope John Paul II (Karol Wojtyła). Attended the Twelfth Ordinary General Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, October 5 to 26, 2008, on "The Word of God in the Life and Mission of the Church"; by papal appointment. The Anti-Defamation League (ADL) honored him with the ADL Cardinal Bea Interfaith Award, citing his role in "building and deepening the new positive relationship between Catholics and Jews." The award was presented to the cardinal in Kraków. On February 27, 2013, he was named special papal envoy to the celebration of the 600th anniversary of the cathedral basilica of Kaunas, Lithuania, which took place on May 5, 2013. Participated in the conclave of March 12 to 13, 2013, which elected Pope Francis. The pope accepted his resignation from the pastoral government of the archdiocese of Kraków on December 8, 2016. The pope named Marek Jędraszewski, until then metropolitan archbishop of Łódź, to succeed him. Lost the right to participate in the conclave when turned eighty years old on April 27, 2019. Cardinal Angelo Bagnasco, archbishop emeritus of Genoa, visited Poland from June 17 to 26, 2021 at the request of the Holy See, to verify the indicated negligence in investigating cases of sexual abuse of Cardinal Dziwisz during his term as archbishop of Kraków. Cardinal Bagnasco familiarized himself with the documents and held a number of meetings, and will present an account of the visit to the Holy See. On April 22, 2022, the apostolic nunciature in Poland announced that the analysis of the collected documentation made it possible to assess the actions of Cardinal Dziwisz as correct and, therefore, the Holy See has decided not to proceed any further.
Webgraphy. Photograph, arms and biography, in Polish, archdiocese of Kraków, Poland; photograph and biography, in Italian, Sala Stampa della Santa Sede; photograph and biography, in English, Holy See Press Office; biography, in Polish, Wikipedia; photographs and biography, in English, Wikipedia; photograph, arms, photo gallery of his installation and biography, in Polish, archdiocese of Kraków; his arms, Araldica Vaticana; Cardenal Dziwisz explica por qué no quemó meditaciones de Juan Pablo II, ACI/EWTN Noticias, 12 Feb. 14 / 07:04 am; Dziwisz: «San Wojtyla, il Papa del III millennio» by Mimmo Muolo, Avvenire, 6 maggio 2014; Cardinal insists Poland will be safe for World Youth Day by Ines San Martin, Crux, Vatican correspondent, Krakow, May 14, 2016; El cardenal de Cracovia a los jóvenes: "los esperamos para la JMJ" by Antonio Gaspari, Zenit, Roma, 16 mayo 2016; Secretary of Pope John Paul II: World Youth Day in Paris marked a turning point, Rome Reports, 2016-06-14; Apertura Gmg. Dziwisz ai giovani: vincete l'odio con la misericordia, Radio Vaticana, 2016-07-26; Full Transcript of Cardinal Dziwisz's Interview with EWTN by Edward Pentin, National Catholic Register, 07/27/2016; El cardenal Dziwisz abre la JMJ: 'La misericordia vence el egoismo y la violencia'. by Salvatore Cernuzio, Zenit, Cracovia, 27 julio 2016; John Paul II's World Youth Day Legacy Shines Through Krakow's Cardinal Dziwisz by Father Raymond J. de Souza, National Catholic Register, Kraków, Poland, 07/27/2016; Riconciliazione polacco-ucraina, il passo del Cardinale Dziwisz by Andrea Gagliarducci, ACI Stampa, Cracovia, 26 febbraio, 2018 / 2:00 PM; Card. Dziwisz: San Juan Pablo II nos sigue guiando y alentando, Vatican News, Ciudad del Vaticano, 03 abril 2018, 13:11, with audio; Polish cardinal, St. John Paul's aide, defends pontiff's record on abuse by Jonathan Luxmoore, The Boston Pilot, Warsaw, Poland, CNS, 3/21/2019; Gli 80 anni del Cardinale Dziwisz, una vita con San Giovanni Paolo II by Marco Mancini, ACI Stampa, Cracovia, 27 aprile, 2019 / 11:00 AM; Secretario de San Juan Pablo II: Lo serví como hijo porque era un padre para nosotros, ACI Prensa, 28 de abril de 2019 11:01 am; Caduta muro di Berlino: card. Dziwisz, “coronamento lotta pacifica per la liberazione dal gioco comunista”, Servizio Informazione Religiosa, 12 novembre 2019 @ 18:42; L’anno di Giovanni Paolo II, Cardinale Dziwisz: “Aveva una incrollabile fede in Dio” by Andrea Gagliarducci, ACI Stampa, Cracovia, 17 maggio, 2020 / 8:15 PM; Un cura polaco acusa al cardenal Dziwisz de encubrir los abusos a menores de un clérigo by Jesús Bastante, Religión Digital, 22.09.2020; Poland's powerful Cardinal Dziwisz accused of covering up abuse case by Szymon Piegza, National Catholic Reporter, Oct 15, 2020; Cardinale Dziwisz sospettato di avere insabbiato un caso di abusi, ma lui nega: «Impossibile» by Franca Giansoldati, Il Messaggero, venerdì 16 Ottobre - agg. 20:49; Il cardinale Dziwisz ricorda la elezione di Giovanni Paolo II 42 anni fa, ACI Stampa, Cracovia, 16 ottobre, 2020 / 5:00 PM; Poland's Cardinal Dziwisz denies knowledge of abuse complaint, Maciel's crimes by Szymon Piegza, National Catholic Reporter, Krakow, Poland, Nov 3, 2020; Polonia, Francesco punisce il cardinale Gulbinovicz insabbiatore e gay, mentre Dziwisz difende Wojtyla by Franca Giansoldati, Il Messaggero, Città del Vaticano, venerdì 6 Novembre 2020; Cardinal Dziwisz defends himself in wake of McCarrick report by Paulina Guzik, Crux, Kraków, Poland, Nov 11, 2020; John Paul II's former secretary under fire for sex abuse cover-up by Magda Viatteau, La Croix International, November 13, 2020; Denuncia contra un cardenal cercano a Juan Pablo II por encubrir casos de pedofilia, La Nación, AFP, 11 de marzo de 2021; Un cardinal proche de Jean-Paul II accusé d'avoir dissimulé des cas de pédophilie, La Presse, Varsovie, 11 mars 2021 à 10h34; Polish cardinal accused of failing to report sexual abuse by Jonathan Luxmoore, UCA News, Catholic News Service, March 16, 2021 03:46 AM GMT; Últimos días de Juan Pablo II son “fuente de consuelo” para el mundo, afirma cardenal, ACI Prensa, 4 de abril de 2021 - 7:05 PM; Cardinal Stanislaw Dziwisz allora segretario personale di Papa Giovanni Paolo II: "Diversi medici dei Policlinico Gemelli senza esitare diedero il sangue al Santo Padre per salvare la sua vita", Il Sismografo, martedì 11 maggio 2021; L'attentato a Wojtyla. Dziwisz: «Giovanni Paolo II in ambulanza aveva già perdonato», Avvenire, mercoledì 12 maggio 2021; Card. Dziwisz: “L’attentato a Papa Wojtyla perché difendeva la causa degli oppressi” by Anna T. Kowalewska, Servizio Informazione Religiosa, 13 maggio 2021; Il Cardinale Dziwisz ricorda l'attentato a San Giovanni Paolo II, ACI Stampa, Città del Vaticano, 13 maggio, 2021 / 12:30 AM; Cardenal polaco explica por qué cree atentaron contra San Juan Pablo II hace 40 años by Walter Sánchez Silva, ACI Prensa, 14 de mayo de 2021 - 9:27 am; Vatican confirms probe of negligence claims against Polish Cardinal Dziwisz, Catholic News Agency, Warsaw, Poland, Jun 26, 2021 / 04:45 am; Bagnasco in Polonia: al centro della visita l’operato del cardinale Dziwisz, Vatican News, 26 giugno 2021, 12:18; La nunziatura di Varsavia comunica la conclusione delle vista del cardinale Bagnasco, ACI Stampa, Città del Vaticano, 26 giugno, 2021 / 6:16 PM; Vatican probes alleged abuse negligence by Polish cardinal, Assocated Press, Warsaw, Poland, June 26, 2021; La stampa polacca pubblica in modo insolito le foto delle vacanze del cardinale Dziwidsz in Croatia, Il Sismografo, sabato 3 luglio 2021; Commissione Bagnasco: finita l'indagine che coinvolgeva in casi di occultamento di abusi il card. Stanislaw Dziwisz. Nessuna negligenza, Il Sismografo, venerdì 23 luglio 2021; Cardinal Angelo Bagnasco was in Poland to investigate John Paul's former secretary, La Croix International, August 6, 2021; L'intervista al cardinale Stanisław Dziwisz, Arcivescovo emerito di Cracovia. “Dopo la caduta del Muro, l'Europa ha smarrito la via” by Angelo Scelzo, Il Mattino, Il Sismografo, martedì 29 marzo 2022; Vatican clears aide to John Paul II of negligence claims by Nicole Winfield, AP News, Rome, April 22, 2022; La Santa Sede: il Cardinale Dziwisz ha svolto il suo ministero in maniera corretta by Marco Mancini, ACI Stampa, Cracovia, 22 aprile, 2022 / 1:00 AM; La Santa Sede: “corretta” la gestione del cardinale Dziwisz dei casi di abusi by Salvatore Cernuzio, Vatican News, Città del Vaticano, 22 aprile 2022, 14:00; Vatican clears Polish cardinal of negligence after abuse probe by Hannah Brockhaus, Catholic Herald, April 22, 2022 at 2:55 pm; Vatican clears Polish Cardinal Dziwisz of abuse cover-up allegations by Carol Glatz, The Boston Pilot, Friday 22nd of April 2022, with audio and slides; JPII’s secretary cleared after probe into his years as Krakow archbishop, Aleteia, 04/22/22; Vatican clears Cardinal Stanisław Dziwisz of negligence in Polish abuse cases by Hannah Brockhaus, Catholic News Agency, Rome Newsroom, Apr 22, 2022 / 05:22 am; Vatican clears John Paul II aide Cardinal Dziwisz of clergy abuse negligence by Nicole Winfield, Associated Press, National Catholic Reporter, Apr 22, 2022; Dziwisz, absuelto de la acusación de haber encubierto abusos en Cracovia, Vida Nueva, 25/04/2022; Il Cardinale Dziwisz visita il papa emerito Benedetto XVI, Il Sismografo, mercoledì 27 aprile 2022; Long-Time Secretary on Canonization Anniversary, National Catholic Register, Vatican City, April 28, 2022; Cardinale Diziwisz: «Il patriarca Kirill ostacola l'azione del Papa» by Manuela Tulli, La Sicilia, 03 mag 2022; Il cardinale Dziwisz ricorda il cardinale Tomko stretto collaboratore di Giovanni Paolo II by Wlodzimierz Redzioch, ACI Stampa, Cracovia, 18 agosto, 2022 / 12:30 AM; Intervista al cardinale Stanislaw Dziwisz. «Per Wojtyla fu un amico: vi racconto la prima visita» by Angelo Scelzo, Il Mattino, Il Sismografo, giovedì 1 settembre 2022; Il Cardinale Dziwisz: Benedetto XVI e Giovanni Paolo II giganti nella fede, ACI Stampa, Città del Vaticano, 03 gennaio, 2023 / 1:10 PM; Dziwisz, Marini e Harvey festeggiano il 25/mo anniversario di episcopato by Marco Mancini, ACI Stampa, Città del Vaticano, 21 marzo, 2023 / 12:30 AM; Emanuela Orlandi, il cardinale Dziwisz attacca il fratello Pietro e difende la memoria di Wojtyla: «Affermazioni criminali» by Franca Giansoldati, Il Gazzettino, giovedì 13 Aprile 2023; Caso Orlandi. Il cardinale Dziwisz: «Farneticanti e criminali le affermazioni su GPII» by Mimmo Muolo, Avvenire, giovedì 13 aprile 2023; L’avvocata di Pietro Orlandi replica all’ex segretario di Wojtyla: «Da lui nessuna accusa: spiace che protesti oggi chi ha taciuto negli anni», Open, 14 Aprile 2023 - 11:56; Secretario de Juan Pablo II sale en su defensa ante falsas acusaciones en caso Orlandi by Almudena Martínez-Bordiú, ACI Prensa, 14 de abril de 2023 / 12:03 p. m.; Dziwisz, Giovanni Paolo II era consapevole che è sempre lotta spietata tra bene e male by Wlodzimierz Redzioch, ACI Stampa, Pietra Ligure, lunedì, 17. aprile, 2023 9:00.
Birth. June 1, 1938, Samboseto di Busseto, diocese of Fidenza, Italy. Son of Ampelio Caffarra and Maria Contini. He had three sisters; two of them, Ana Maria and Norma were nuns.
Education. Studied at the Episcopal Seminary of Fidenza; at the Pontifical Gregorian University, Rome, where he earned a doctorate in canon law; and at Accademia Alfonsiana, Rome, where he obtained a diploma of specialization in moral theology.
Priesthood. Ordained, July 2, 1961, church S. Vigilio, Samboseto, by Guglielmo Bosetti, bishop of Fidenza. Returned to his diocese from Rome in 1965, and taught moral theology in the seminaries of Fidenza and Parma; and later, at the Studio Teologico bolognese; at the Catholic University of Milan; and at the Theological Faculty of Northern Italy. He specialized in the moral doctrine of marriage and the bioethics concerning human procreation; taught for some years medical ethics at the Faculty of Medicine and Surgery of the Catholic University Sacro Cuore in Rome. Member of the International Theological Commission, 1974-1984. Consultor of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith. Member of the Commission for the study of "ingegneria genetica" instituted "ad actum" in the Ministry of Health in Italy. President of the Pontifical Institute "Giovanni Paolo II" for the study of Marriage and Family, 1980. He founded sections of the same institute in the United States, Spain and Mexico; and Anthropotes, the journal of the institute. Member of the Pontifical Academy for Life from May 31, 1994 until December 31, 2016.
Episcopate. Elected archbishop of Ferrara-Comacchio, September 8, 1995. Consecrated, October 21, 1995, cathedral of Fidenza, by Cardinal Giacomo Biffi, archbishop of Bologna, assisted by Giovanni Battista Re, titular archbishop of Vescovio, substitute of the Secretariat of State for General Affairs, and by Carlo Poggi, bishop of Fidenza. His episcopal motto was "Sola Misericordia Tua". Member of the Council of Presidency of the Pontifical Council for the Family and of the Pontifical Academy for Life. Transferred to the metropolitan see of Bologna, December 16, 2003. He became a friend of don Luigi Giussani, founder of the movement Comunione e Liberazione.
Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of March 24, 2006; received the red biretta and the title of S. Giovanni Battista dei Fiorentini, March 24, 2006. Participated in the conclave of March 12 to 13, 2013, which elected Pope Francis. Participated in Third Extraordinary General Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, October 5 to 19, 2014, on the theme "The pastoral challenges of the family in the context of the Evangelization", by papal appointment. On September 26, 2015, he was named member of the Congregation for the Causes of the Saints. On October 27, 2015, he resigned the pastoral government of the archdiocese of Bologna in conformity to canon 401 § 1 of the Code of Canon Law. He was succeeded by Matteo Maria Zuppi, until then titular bishop of Villanova and auxiliary of Rome. He was one of the four cardinals who presented the “dubia” to Pope Francis, seeking clarifications on the postsynodal apostolic exhortation "Amoris Laetitia" (1). On June 13, 2017, the pope named him member ad honorem of the Pontifical Academy for Life.
Death
. September 6, 2017, suddenly, in Villa Revedin, in the complex of the seminary of Bologna. Pope Francis sent Archbishop Matteo Maria Zuppi, archbishop of Bologna, a telegram of condolence. The ardent chapel was in the Sala Bedetti of the archepiscopate from September 7 at 4 p.m. A vigil of suffrage took place on Friday September 8 at 9 p.m. in the Cathedral. The funeral was on Saturday September 9, 2017 presided by Archbishop Zuppi. Concelebrating were Cardinal Angelo Bagnasco, archbishop of Genoa; seventeen bishops from the region; and numerous priests. In attendance were Gianluca Galletti, minister for the Environment; Virginio Merola, mayor of Bologna; Rector Francesco Ubertini; and Marcello Pera, former president of the Senate. The cathedral was filled to capacity with the faithful. The remains of the late cardinal were buried in the crypt of the cathedral next to his predecessors (2).Webgraphy. Photopgraps, bibliography and biography, in Italian, www.caffarra.it; photograph and biography, in Italian, Sala Stampa della Santa Sede; photograph and biography, in English, Holy See Press Office; his arms, Araldica Vaticana; Papa Francesco conferma Caffarra per altri due anni, Corriere di Bologna, 29 giugno 2013; La storia di Carlo Caffarra, Dodici Porte, published on Dec 4, 2015, YouTube; Caffarra: "Schönborn sbaglia, e questo è ciò che vorrei dire al Santo Padre" by Sandro Magister, Settimo CXielo, L'Espresso, 11 luglio 2016; “Solo un cieco può negare che nella Chiesa ci sia grande confusione”. Intervista al cardinale Caffarra by Maatteo Matzuzzi, Il Foglio, 14 Gennaio 2017 alle 06:00; « La bataille finale entre Dieu et Satan portera sur le mariage et la famille » by Diane Montagna, Aleteia, 20 janvier 2017; El cardenal Caffarra al lado del papa Francisco en Carpi by Raquel Anillo, Zenit, 2 abril 2017; Cardinal Caffarra: Satan is Hurling at God the “Ultimate and Terrible Challenge” by Edward Pentin, National Catholic Register, May. 20, 2017; Why Education Is Key to Protecting Life, Marriage and the Family by Edward Pentin, Naticonal Catholic Register, Vatican May 30, 2017; Full Text of Dubia Cardinals’ Letter Asking Pope for an Audience by Edward Pentin, National Catholic Register, June 19, 2017; Four cardinals seek audience with Pope over doctrinal ‘confusion’, Catholic Herald, posted Tuesday, 20 Jun 2017; Caffarra, domani a Bologna la camera ardente in arcivescovado, sabato i funerali in cattedrale. Le foto, gazzettadiparma.it; Morto l'arcivescovo emerito di Bologna, ticinonline; Carlo Caffarra, Unheeded Prophet. His Last Letter to Pope Francis by Sandro Magister, Settimo Cielo, La Repubblica, 06 set 2017; Cardinal Carlo Caffarra Dies at 79 by Edward Pentin, National Catholic Register, Sep. 6, 2017; Fallece el cardenal Carlo Caffarra, Arzobispo emérito de Bolonia, Zenit, 6 septiembre 2017; Muere el Cardenal Caffarra, uno de los firmantes de las dubbia sobre Amoris laetitia, ACI, Roma, 06 Sep. 17 / 06:16 am; La morte del cardinale Carlo Caffarra, L'Osservatore Romano, 07 settembre 2017; Cardinal Burke: Cardinal Caffarra Was Solely Inspired By Deep, Pure Love of Christ by Edward Pentin, National Catholic Register, Sep. 6, 2017; El Papa expresa su pésame por la muerte del Card. Caffarra, Zenit, 7 septiembre 2017; I funerali del cardinale Caffarra. Zuppi: "Ha amato e servito l'unità della Chiesa", repubblica.it, 09 settembre 2017 - Aggiornato alle 12.32; Bologna, folla al funerale di Caffarra. Zuppi: "Ha amato e servito l'unità della Chiesa", ilrestodelcarlino.it, 9 settembre 2017 ore 17:41; Momenti del funerale del Cardinale Caffarra 9 Settembre 2017 a Bologna, vittoriobo published on Sep 9, 2017, YouTube; Omelia completa dei funerali del Cardinale Carlo Caffarra, Dodici Porte, published on Sep 13, 2017, YouTube; The Pope Has Spoken. But the Doubts Have Not Disappeared, Nor Has Cardinal Caffarra by Sandro Magister, Settimo Cielo, 13 dicembre 2017; Major Conference Planned on Divisions in Church, Papal Infallibility by Edward Pentin, National Catholic Register, Jan. 18, 2018; Recuerdan a Cardenal fundador del Instituto Juan Pablo II para el matrimonio y la familia, ACI, 30 de enero de 2018 3:12 pm; Fidanzamento o libera convivenza? Seguite il consiglio del cardinale Caffarra by Gelsomino Del Guercio, Aleteia, Mar 17, 2018; Cardinale Caffarra: card. Scola, “cercava la verità senza mezze misure o false prudenze”, Servizio Informazione Religiosa, 3 dicembre 2018 @ 17:48; Cardinale Caffarra: card. Scola, “sacra mentalità condizione necessaria del matrimonio”, Servizio Informazione Religiosa, 3 dicembre 2018 @ 17:52; Bologna. Il ricordo di Zuppi: Caffarra chiaro e rigoroso, Marella luce nella povertà by Chiara Unguendoli, Avvenire, Bologna sabato 7 settembre 2019; Diocesi: Bologna, martedì nella cripta della cattedrale l’arcivescovo Zuppi celebrerà una messa per il beato Marella e il card. Caffarra, Servizio Informazione Religiosa, 3 Settembre 2022 @ 17:16; Il Cardinale Caffarra, pastore attento ai temi etici by Marco Mancini, ACI Stampa, Bologna, 06 settembre, 2022 / 2:00 PM.
(1) The other three Cardinals were Joachim Meisner, Raymond Leo Burke and Walter Brandmüller.
(2) This is the text of the inscription on his tomb, kindly provided by Mr. Eman Bonnici, from Malta:
1 GIUGNO 1938 ﹣ 6 SETTEMBRE 2017
CARDINALE
ARCIVESCOVO DI FERRARA-COMACCHIO DAL 1995 AL 2003
ARCIVESCOVO DI BOLOGNA DAL 2004 AL 2015
Birth. January 13, 1932, Shanghai, China. Son of Vincent Zen and Margaret Tseu. He grew up in a poor neighborhood on the outskirts of Shanghai, where as a boy he enjoyed family trips to a Salesian church atop a hill on the city's outskirts.
Education. Entered the Society of St. Francis de Sales of St. John Bosco (Salesians) at the novitiate in Hong Kong; studied theology in Salesian houses of study Turin, Italy; at the Pontifical Salesian University, Rome (licentiate in theology and doctorate in philosophy). He speaks several Chinese languages in addition to fluent English, Italian and Latin.
Priesthood. Ordained, February 11, 1961, Turin, by Cardinal Maurilio Fossati, O.Ss.G.C., archbishop of Turin. Further studies, Rome. Returned to Hong Kong and occupied different posts in the Salesian communities of that city; professor of the Seminary of Hong Kong until 1973; inspector of his congregation; president of the Association of Superiors Major; provincial superior of the Salesians for "external" China: Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, 1978-1983. Professor in seminaries of the official and underground Church in various areas of China, 1983 to 1996.
Episcopate. Elected coadjutor bishop of Hong Kong (Xianggang), September 13, 1996. Consecrated, December 9, 1996, cathedral of the Immaculate Conception, Hong Kong, by Cardinal John Baptist Wu Cheng-Chung, bishop of Hong Kong, assisted by Cardinal Peter Seiichi Shirayanagi, archbishop of Tokyo, and by Charles Asa Schleck, titular archbishop of Africa, secretary of the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples. His episcopal motto is Ipsi cura est. Attended the Special Assembly for Asia of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, April 29 to May 14, 1998; by papal appointment. Succeeded to the see of Hong Kong, September 23, 2002. Attended the Eleventh General Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, October 2 to 23, 2005; by papal appointment.
Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of March 24, 2006; received the red biretta and the title of S. Maria Madre del Redentore a Tor Bella Monaca, March 24, 2006. Attended the Twelfth Ordinary General Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, October 5 to 26, 2008, on "The Word of God in the Life and Mission of the Church"; by papal appointment; elected member of the Twelfth Council of the General Secretariat of the Synod of Bishops, October 22, 2008. On April 15, 2009, Pope Benedict XVI accepted his resignation from the pastoral government of the diocese of Hong Kong, China, in conformity with canon 401, §1, of the Code of Canon Law. Special papal envoy to the celebrations of the 25th anniversary of the pastoral visit of the Servant of God Pope John Paul II to Thailand, which took place in Bangkok on May 10 to 11, 2009. Lost the right to participate in the conclave when turned eighty years old on January 13, 2012. Special papal envoy to the celebration of the centennial of the birth of Blessed Peter ToRot, catechist and martyr of Papua New Guinea, on July 7, 2012, in Rabaul. On May 11, 2022, he was arrested by the authorities in Hong Kong, according to local media reports. The cardinal and four others who helped run a now-disbanded humanitarian fund for protesters, all on charges of "collusion with foreign forces", a legal source said. The cardinal was being held in Chai Wan police station close to his church residence, according to a police sergeant on the scene. He was released on bail hours after he was arrested according to media reports. The reports emerged shortly after the Vatican said that it was concerned to hear of the 90-year-old cardinal’s arrest. On November 25, 2022, he and five members of the Democratic Front were declared guilty of failing to properly register a humanitarian fund of which they were the managers and sentenced to pay a fine.
Bibliography. Brender, Andreas ; Kierein-Kuenring, Mandred D. Catholic Hierarchy in China since 1307. Cluj-Napoca, 2012, pp. 216 and 246; Zen Ze-Kiun, Joseph ; Malovic, Dorian. Mgr Zen, un homme en colère. Entretiens avec le cardinal de Hong Kong. Paris : Ediciones Bayard, 2007.
Webgraphy. Photograph, arms
and biographical data, in English and Chinese, Hong Kong Catholic Diocesan Archives;
photograph
and biography, in Italian, Sala Stampa della Santa Sede;
photograph
and biography, in English, Holy See Press Office;
his arms, Araldica Vaticana;
Birth. August 27, 1925, Turin, Italy. Of a noble family. His father was the famous Colonel Giuseppe Cordero Lanza di Montezemolo (1); and his mother was Amalia Dematteis, who was a lay auditor during the Second Vatican Council. He had two sisters, Adriana and Lidia. He is related to Luca di Montezemolo, president of Ferrari and chairman of Fabbrica Italiana Automobili Torino (FIAT). His second cousin Luca Cordero di Montezemolo was also a priest.
Education. Initial studies in Turin; obtained a bachelor's degree in Rome. During the Second World War, he was enlisted and fought as a volunteer in the "Montezemolo Battallion", named after his father. During the year of his father's death, he was hidden from the Nazis by the Ukrainian clergy in the Ukrainian Pontifical College of Saint Josaphat. After the war, he obtained a doctorate in architecture in 1949; he exercised the profession for several years and at the same time taught as assistant professor at the university. During those years, he matured the vocation to the ecclesiastical life and he started his studies as a lay student at the Pontifical Gregorian University; and later as a seminarian at Collegio Capranica; he obtained licentiates in philosophy and theology; he also studied at the Pontifical Ecclesiastical Academy, the Vatican's diplomatic school, 1957-1959; obtained a doctorate in canon law at the Pontifical Lateran University.
Priesthood. Ordained, March 13, 1954, Rome, by Luigi Traglia, titular archbishop of Cesarea di Palestina, vice-gerent of Rome. Further studies in Rome. Vice-chaplain of the University of Rome. In 1960, he entered the service of the Holy See. Secretary in the apostolic delegation in México, 1960-1964. Privy chamberlain supernumerary, June 21, 1963. Secretary in the internunciature in Japan, 1964-1966. Secretary in the nunciature in Kenya and in the apostolic delegation in Eastern Africa, 1966-1968. Worked in the Council for the Public Affairs of the Church as auditor of nunciature of second class and of first class, 1968-1972. Under-secretary of the Pontifical Commission Iustitia et Pax, 1972-1975; later, pro-secretary, 1975-1976; and finally, secretary, 1976-1977.
Episcopate. Elected titular archbishop of Anglona and named pro-nuncio to Papua New Guinea and apostolic delegate in the Western and Southern Salomon Islands, April 5, 1977. Consecrated, Saturday June 4, 1977, patriarchal Vatican basilica, by Cardinal Jean Villot, secretary of State, assisted by Bernardin Gantin, former archbishop of Cotonou, pro-president of the Pontifical Commission Iustitia et Pax, and by Durasamy Simon Lourdusamy, former archbishop of Bangalore, secretary of the S.C. for the Evangelization of Peoples. His episcopal motto was Iustitia et Pax. Nuncio in Honduras and Nicaragua, November 25, 1980; during his tenure, the war between the Sandinista regime and the"contras" went on. Nuncio in Uruguay, April 1, 1986. Apostolic delegate in Jerusalem and Palestine, April 28, 1990; occupied the post until March 7, 1998; as head of the Holy See's delegation working on the Vatican-Israeli bilateral commission, he worked closely with Israeli and Vatican officials; and was instrumental in helping normalize relations between the two states, which culminated with the signing of the historic "fundamental agreement" of 1993. Pro-nuncio in Cyprus, May 28, 1990; occupied the post until March 7, 1998. Transferred to the titular see of Tuscania, April 13, 1991. Nuncio in Israel, June 28, 1994; occupied the post until March 7, 1998. Nuncio in Italy and in the Republic of San Marino, March 7, 1998; retired in April 2001. Named knight grand cross of the Equestrian Order of the Holy Sepulchre of Jerusalem; bailiff grand cross of honor and devotion of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta; knight grand cross of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic; bailiff knight grand cross of ecclesiastical justice of the Sacred Military Order Costantinian of San Giorgio; knight grand cross sacerdotal of the Sacred Military Order of S. Stefano Pope and Martyr, March 15, 1999. In 2005 he designed the coat of arms of Pope Benedict XVI. Named archpriest of the papal basilica of S. Paolo fuori le Mura, in Rome, May 31, 2005.
Cardinalate. Created cardinal deacon in the consistory of March 24, 2006; received the red biretta and the deaconry of S. Maria in Portico Campitelli, March 24, 2006. He was older than eighty years at the time of his promotion to the cardinalate and thus not eligible to participate in a conclave. Decorated with the Grand Cross of Honor and Devotion of the Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of Saint John of Jerusalem of Rhodes and Malta, May 24, 2006. Attended the Twelfth Ordinary General Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, October 5 to 26, 2008, on "The Word of God in the Life and Mission of the Church"; by papal appointment. On July 3, 2009, he resigned, for reason of age, from the charge of archpriest of the papal basilica of S. Paolo fuori le Mura. Opted for the order of cardinal priests in the consistory of June 20, 2016 and his deaconry was elevated pro hac vice to title. He resided in Villa Betania Nursing Home in Rome.
Death. November 19, 2017, in Rome. He had been ill for some time. He died "calmly", relatives of the cardinal said. Upon learning the news of the death of the cardinal, Pope Francis sent his nephew, Rodolfo Mancini, a telegram of condolence. On Tuesday November 21, 2017, at 11:30 a.m., at the Altar of the Cathedral of the Vatican Basilica, took place the exequies of the late cardinal. The exequial liturgy was celebrated by Cardinal Giovanni Battista Re, vice-dean of the College of Cardinals, together with twenty other cardinals and thirteen archbishops and bishops. At the end of the eucharistic celebration, Pope Francis presided over the rite of the Ultima Commendatio and the Valedictio. He was buried in the papal basilica of S. Paolo fuori le Mura, in Rome (2).
Webgraphy. Photograph and biography, in Italian, Sala Stampa della Santa Sede; photograph and biography, in English, Holy See Press Office; his arms and biography, in English, Wikipedia; his chronography, in English, Catholic Hierarchy; The ten years of the Fundamental Agreement between the Holy See and Israel, in English, 30Days; Motu Proprio del Sommo Pontefice Benedetto XVI per la Basilica di San Paolo fuori le Mura, Sala Stampa della Santa Sede, 31.05.2005; e per il suo Complesso extraterritoriale; his arms, Araldica Vaticana; Ardeatine, mio padre eroe civile, Avvenire, 24 marzo 2014; Pope Francis visits Cardinal Montezemolo, Vatican Radio, 15/10/2016 12:44; his arms and biography, in English, Revolvy; Udienza Papale e cerimonia alle fosse ardeatine per la onlus Cordero Lanza di Montezemolo, targatocn.it, sabato 25 marzo 2017, 13:46; Quando Il Cardinale Andrea Cordero Lanza di Montezemolo fu salvato dagli ucraini by Mario Voerzio, Associazione Culturale "Borgo Dora - I Residenti di Torino", civico20news.it, 18 Aprile 2017, 10:00; È morto il cardinal Andrea Cordero Lanza di Montezemolo: la sua famiglia era originaria di Mondovì, targatocn.it, domenica 19 novembre 2017, 17:35; Cardinal Andrea Cordero Lanza di Montezemolo died, Vatican Insider, November 19, 2017; Andrea Cordero Lanza di Montezemolo è morto a 92 anni, News Guru, published on Nov 19, 2017, YouTube; Mondovì: cordoglio per la scomparsa del cardinal Cordero Lanza di Montezemolo, targatocn.it, lunedì 20 novembre 2017, 07:00; Fallece Cardenal que diseñó escudo de Benedicto XVI: El Papa envía su pésame, ACI Prensa, Vaticano, 20 Nov. 17 / 10:59 am; Lutto in Vaticano, è morto il cardinale Montezemol, today.it, Lutto in Vaticano, è morto il cardinale Montezemolo, today.it, 20 novembre 2017, 09:46; Cardinal di Montezemolo, Longtime Vatican Diplomat, Dies at Age 92 by Hannah Brockhaus, Vatican City, National Catholic Register, CNA/EWTN News, Nov. 21, 2017; Ricordato a Roma il cardinale Cordero Lanza di Montezemolo by Graziano Motta, Vatican News, Città del Vaticano, 20 novembre 2019, 09:18; Il Cardinale Montezemolo: primo nunzio apostolico in Israele by Marco Mancini, ACI Stampa, Città del Vaticano, 19 novembre, 2022 / 2:00 PM.
(1) He lived from May 26, 1901 until April 24, 1944. He received the Medaglia d'oro al valor militare alla memoria. The colonel was the founder and head of the
military clandestine front of Rome during the Second World War; and was one of the 335 victims shot by the Germans at the Fosse Ardeatine following the Via Rasella
attack of March 23, 1944, in Rome. Many years later, Andrea and his sister publicly expressed their forgiveness of those who had killed their father.
(2) This is the text of the inscription on his valut, kindly provided by Mr. Eman Bonnici, from Malta:
APVD GLORIOSVM GENTIVM APOSTOLI TROPAEVM
VBI PRIMVS HVIVS PAPALIS BASILICAE ARCHIPRESBYTER
INCENSO STVDIO PASTORALIQVE ACTVOSITATE
PER QVINQVE PRAEFVIT ANNOS
TEMPLI DECOREM AFFABRE EXCOLENS
ATQVE OPERA SVA EX ARCHITECTI ARTE
FVNDITVS RENOVANS
POST PLVRIMAS QVIBVS EGR
PER ORBEM FVERAT LEGATIONES
ANDREAS S.R.E. CARD. CORDERO LANZA DI MONTEZEMOLO
FIRMA SPE RESVRRECTIONEM A CHRISTO D.NO PROMISSAM EXPECTANS
CONDI VOLVIT
N. AVG. TAVRINORVM XXVII AVG. MCMXXV
M. ROMAE XIX NOV. MMXVII
Birth. May 10, 1918, Ko, diocese of Wa, Ghana. Of a Pagan family. Fourth of the ten children of Theodore Poreku and Agnes Zoore. He was born in the house of his uncle Ngmankurinaa. He was born after the death of his immediate brother and he was thought to be a reincarnation of his brother and thus called Dery. The future cardinal accompanied his uncle to establish his many and varied fetishes for the prominent people of the area; his main duty was to help his uncle slay the animals and hens required for the establishment of konkpenebie, konkyekommo, sokyere, doosoglaa, nyogebaliere, and the rest of them. He was baptized in Jirapa in 1933.
Education. Studied at the Minor Seminary of Navrongo; at St.Peter`s Major Seminary, Wiagha (philosophy and theology); at the University of St. Francis Xavier, Antigonish, Canada (diploma in social studies, 1958), and at the International Catechetical Institute "Lumen vitae", Brussels, Belgium. Obtained a doctorate in theology.
Priesthood. Ordained, February 11, 1951, St. Theresa's church, Nandom, by Gerard Bertrand, M. Afr., bishop of Tamale. (No further information found yet).
Episcopate. Elected first bishop of Wa, March 16, 1960. Consecrated, May 8, 1960, patriarchal Vatican basilica, by Pope John XXIII, assisted by Napoléon-Alexandre La Brie, titular bishop of Ilta, national director of the Pontifical Missionary Work of Canada, French sector, and by Fulton John Sheen, titular bishop of Cesariana, auxiliary of New York, national director of the Pontifical Missionary Work of the United States of America. In the same ceremony were consecrated future Cardinals Paul Zoungrana, M.Afr., archbishop of Ouagadougou; Jérôme Rakotomalala, archbishop of Tananarive; and Bernard Yago, archbishop of Abidjan. His episcopal motto was "Apostolus Jesu Christi". As soon as he was installed as bishop, he requested permission from Rome to translate the Ordinary of the mass into Dagare and have it sung in local melodies, accompanied by local musical instruments; permission was given and the bishop himself composed the first Dagare mass. It was a milestone in the Africanization of the church in Ghana. Laity involvement, the education of the youth and vocations promotion were his three other main goals. Participated in the Second Vatican Council, 1962-1965. Apostolic administrator, sede vacante of Tamale. Transferred to the see of Tamale, November 18, 1974. Promoted to metropolitan archbishop of Tamale when the see was elevated to that rank, May 30, 1977. President of the Ghana Catholic Bishops' Conference from 1982 to 1988. Attended the II Extraordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, November 24 to December 8,1985; and the VII Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, October 1 to 30, 1987. Resigned the government of the archdiocese, March 26, 1994.
Cardinalate. Created cardinal deacon in the consistory of March 24, 2006; received the red biretta and the deaconry of S. Elena fuori Porta Prenestina, March 24, 2006. He was older than eighty years at the time of his promotion to the cardinalate and thus not eligible to participate in a conclave.
Death. March 6, 2008, Tamale, on the occasion of Ghana's 51st Independence day. After learning the news of the death of the cardinal, Pope Benedict XVI sent Gregory Ebo Kpiebaya, archbishop of Tamale, and Mr. Alipo Poreku, brother of the late cardinal, telegrams of condolence. The body of the late cardinal was conveyed from the morgue to the Our Lady of the Annunciation metropolitan cathedral, Tamale, for reception and then a vigil mass at the Jubilee Park on Monday, March 31, 2008; President John Agyekum and Vice President Alhaji Aliu Mahama joined the huge crowd of Catholic faithfuls from across the country, Rome and Burkina Faso; also present were ministers of State, members of the Council of State and parliamentarians; Cardinal Peter Appiah Turkson, archbishop of Accra, was delegated by the pope to officiate at the burial service; the government, the pope's representative and the Catholic Bishops Conference read tributes to his memory; Peter Akwasi Sarpong, archbishop emeritus of Kumasi, delivered the homily; Mr. Felix Owusu Adjepong, minister-designate for Energy, read a tribute on behalf of the government; wreaths were laid on behalf of the government, the pope, the Catholic Bishops Conference and family members. The next day, April 1, 2008, a requiem mass was celebrated at the Tamale Sports Stadium; and burial was in the metropolitan cathedral of Our Lady of the Annunciation, in Tamale.
Beatification. In June 2013, during a memorial service held at Our Lady of Annunciation Cathedral Church of Tamale, the launching of a procedure required by the Church, examining options for the beatification of the late Cardinal Dery, was officially announced. In July 2021 will conclude the diocesan phase of the Cause of Beatification.
Bibliography. Dery, Peter Poreku ; Bemile, Paul. From assistant fetish priest to archbishop: Studies in honour of Archbishop Dery. New York : Vantage Press, 1987.
Webgraphy. Photograph and biography, in Italian, Sala Stampa della Santa Sede; photograph and biography, in English, Holy See Press Office; his arms, Araldica Vaticana; Gana: em julho, a conclusão da fase diocesana da Causa de Beatificação do cardeal Peter Dery by Isabella Piro, Vatican News, 20 maio 2021, 09:44, with audio.
Birth. July 24, 1923, Hazebrouck Nord, France. Received the sacrament of confirmation in Watten (Nord).
Education. He did his secondary studies at the Minor Seminary of Hazebrouck. During the Second World War, he was made to work in a factory producing gunpowder for the German war effort. In order to avoid being sent to work in Nazi Germany, he traveled clandestinely on foot across the entire width of France to reach the unoccupied zone. It was there that he entered the Society of Jesus (Jesuits) in Le Vignau, Landes, on September 12, 1941. Jesuit Juniorate, Yzeure (Allier), 1944-1946; Jesuit Scholasticate, Vals-prés-le Puy (Haute-Loire), 1947-1950 (licentiate in Scholastic philosophy); Jesuit Scholasticate, Enghien, Belgium, 1951-1955 (licentiate in theology); Pontifical Biblical Institute, Roma, 1956-1958 (licentiate in Sacred Scriptures); Pontifical Biblical Institute, Rome, 1963 (doctorate in Sacred Scriptures).
Priesthood. Ordained, July 25, 1954, Enghien, by Henri Dupont, auxiliary bishop of Lille. Professor of classical Greek, Jesuit Scholasticate, Yzeure, 1946-1947 and 1950-1951. From 1959 to 1962, professor of exegesis of the New Testament, Jesuit Scholasticate, Chantilly; and at the Seminary des Missions in Chantilly (Oise) while he redacted his doctoral thesis. Professor of exegesis of the New Testament, Pontifical Biblical Institute, Roma, from 1963. Dean of the Biblical Faculty of the Pontifical Biblical Institute, 1969-1990; during those years, Carlo Maria Martini, S.J., future cardinal, was the rector of the institute. Consultor of the Congregations for the Doctrine of the Faith, 1990- .Consultor of the Congregation for Catholic Education, 1978-1999. Consultor of the Pontifical Council for the Promotion of Christian Unity, 1980-1996. Member of the Pontifical Biblical Commission, 1984-1990; its secretary, 1990-2001, under the presidency of Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger. Member of Studiorum Novi Testamenti Societas (International and intercontextual) from 1964; member of the committee, 1975-1979; president, 1995. Member of the Association Catholique Francaise pour l'Étude de la Bible and of its foundation. Participated in Colloquio Ecumenico Paolino, major basilica of S. Paolo fuori le Mura, Roma; president of the colloquy of 1995. Member of the Colloquium Biblicum Lovaniense; president of the colloquy of 1984. Attended the Seventh Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, October 1 to 30, 1987; assistant to the special secretary of the synod. Director of the collection Analecta Biblica. He has published seventeen books, numerous articles in scholarly journals, collective volumes, acts of congresses and entries in encyclopedias. His specialization was in the New Testament letters of St. Paul.
Episcopate. He requested to be dispensed from the requirement of episcopal ordination and the dispensation was granted by Pope Benedict XVI.
Cardinalate. Created cardinal deacon in the consistory of March 24, 2006; received the red biretta and the deaconry of S. Maria della Mercede e Sant'Adriano a Villa Albani, March 24, 2006. His coat of arms was designed by American ecclesiastical heraldic artist George N. Cannizzaro. His cardinalitial motto was "Cordi Tuo Unitus". He was older than eighty years at the time of his promotion to the cardinalate and thus not eligible to participate in a conclave. Director of the annual spiritual exercises of the pope and the Roman Curia, February 10 to 16, 2008. Attended the Twelfth Ordinary General Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, October 5 to 26, 2008, on "The Word of God in the Life and Mission of the Church"; by papal appointment. Since 2013, he resided in the Jesuit community for elderly and sick priests, near the Vatican. Opted for the order of cardinal priests in the consistory of June 20, 2016 and his deaconry was elevated pro hac vice to title. Some of his main works are La structure littéraire de l'Epître aux Hébreux, Desclée de Brouwer, Tournai, 1963; Situation du Christ. Epître aux hébreux 1 et 2, Paris, 1969; Prêtres anciens, prêtre nouveau selon le Nouveau Testament, Paris, 1980; La lettre aux Hébreux: Jésus-Christ, médiateur d'une nouvelle alliance, Paris, 2002; The Letter to the Hebrews : A new commentary, New York: Paulist, 2015; Il sangue dell'alleanza - Esercizi spirituali sulla vita eucaristica, Roma, Edizioni San Paolo, 2021.
Death. July 29, 2021, 12:48 p.m. in the infirmary of the Jesuit Generalate in Rome. At the time of his death, he was the oldest member of the College of Cardinals. On July 30, 2021, the pope sent telegram of condolence to Reverend Father Manuel Morujao, S.I., superior of the Residence San Pietro Canisio in Rome, for the death of Cardinal Vanhoye. The funeral liturgy of the late cardinal took place on Saturday July 31, 2021 at 11 a.m. at the Altar of the Cathedra in Saint Peter's Basilica. It was presided by Cardinal Leonardo Sandri, vice-dean of the College of Cardinals. Concelebrating were Cardinals Fernando Filoni, Giovanni Lajolo, Mauro Piacenza, Domenico Calcagno, Lorenzo Baldisseri, Dominique Mamberti, Luis Francisco Ladaria Ferrer, S.J., Konrad Krajewski and Mauro Gambetti, O.F.M.Conv., Archbishop Piero Marini and some priests of the Society of Jesus. With a representation of members of the diplomatic corps accredited before the Holy See was Monsignor Mirosław Stanisław Wachowski, under secretary for Relations with the States. Buried in the chapel of the Society of Jesus in Campo Verano cemetery, Rome.
Bibliography. "Il Verbo di Dio è vivo" : studi sul Nuovo Testamento in onore del cardinale Albert Vanhoye, S.I. A cura di José Enrique Aguilar Chiu ... [et al.]. Roma : Pontificio istituto biblico, 2007. (Analecta biblica ; 165). Note: Fifteen contributions in English, 9 in Italian, 5 in French, 4 in German, and 3 in Spanish.
Webgraphy. Photograph and biography, in Italian, Sala Stampa della Santa Sede; photograph and biography, in English, Holy See Press Office; biographical data and bibliography, in Italian; photograph and biography, in French; Catholicism and the Bible: An Interview with Albert Vanhoye, an interview with Peter Williamson, First Things, 74 (June/July 1997), 35-40; his arms, Araldica Vaticana; Non c’è contrapposizione dialettica tra pro multis e per tutti, Intervista con il cardinale Albert Vanhoye di Gianni Valente, 30Giorni, 03 2010; Vanhoye, l'evento che «aprì» la Bibbia by Filippo Rizzi, Quellli del concilio/6, Avvenire, 12 giugno 2012; El cardenal más anciano del mundo cumple 98 años, Vida Nueva Digital, 26/07/2021; Si è spento a 98 anni il cardinale gesuita Albert Vanhoye by Angela Ambrogetti, ACI Stampa, Città del Vaticano, 29 luglio, 2021 / 7:19 PM; Le cardinal français Albert Vanhoye est décédé, Vatican News, 29 juillet 2021, 17:42; Décès du cardinal Albert Vanhoye (1923-2021), Jésuites, 29 juillet 2021; Oggi alle 12:48 è deceduto il Cardinal Albert Vanhoye il più anziano del Collegio cardinalizio secondo alcune statistiche. Aveva 98 anni, Il Sismografo, giovedì 29 luglio 2021; Lutto. Addio al cardinale gesuita Vanhoye. Una vita da “innamorato” della Scrittura by Filippo Rizzi, Avvenire, giovedì 29 luglio 2021; La morte del cardinale Vanhoye, L'Osservatore Romano, 30 luglio 2021; Le cardinal français Albert Vanhoye est décédé, Aleteia, 30/07/21; Albert Vanhoye SJ – “It’s a service to be rendered”, Jesuits, 30 Jul 2021; Fuoco di amore per la Parola by Leonardo Sandri, L'Osservatore Romano, 31 luglio 2021; Albert Vanhoye S.J. “Es un servicio que hay que prestar”, Vatican News, Ciudad del Vaticano, 31 julio 2021, 10:03; Sandri: Vanhoye, un uomo rapito dalla Parola che annunciava by Alessandro De Carolis, Vatican News, Città del Vaticano, 31 luglio 2021, 13:21; In San Pietro celebrati i funerali del Cardinale Vanhoye by Veronica Giacometti, ACI Stampa, Città del Vaticano, 31 luglio, 2021 / 3:30 PM; Funeral Held for Cardinal Albert Vanhoye, SJ, Exaudi, July 31, 2021 17:06.
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