(3) 1. GIOVANNI (?-?)

Cardinalate. Documented as bishop cardinalis of Velletri in the Roman Synod of April 12, 732, convoked by Pope Gregory III in St. Peter's basilica.

Death. (No date or place found). Buried (no information found).

Bibliography. Gams, Pius Bonifatius. Series episcoporum Ecclesiae catholicae. 3 v. in 1. Graz : Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt, 1957, p. Günther, O. "Kritische Beiträge zu den Akten der römischen Synode vom 12. April 732." Neues Archiv der Gesellschaft fùr Ältere Deutsche Geschichtskunde zur Befvrderung einer Gesamtausgabe der Quellenschriften deutscher Geschichten des Mittelalters, XVI (1891), 247; Le Liber pontificalis. Paris : E. de Boccard, 1981, 1955. 3 v. : facsims. (Bibliothèque des Écoles françaises d'Athènes et de Rome). Notes: Reprint of the 1955 edition./ Includes indexes./ Vol. 3: "Additions et corrections de L. Duchesne publiées par Cyrille Vogel ... avec L'Histoire du Liber pontificalis dupuis l'édition de L. Duchesne une bibliographie et des tables générales, I, 423.

(4) 2. SISINNIO (?-?)

Cardinalate. Documented as bishop cardinalis of Gabi in the Roman Synod of April 12, 732, convoked by Pope Gregory III in St. Peter's basilica.

Death. (No date or place found). Buried (no information found).

Bibliography. Günther, O. "Kritische Beiträge zu den Akten der römischen Synode vom 12. April 732." Neues Archiv der Gesellschaft fùr Ältere Deutsche Geschichtskunde zur Befvrderung einer Gesamtausgabe der Quellenschriften deutscher Geschichten des Mittelalters, XVI (1891), 247; Le Liber pontificalis. Paris : E. de Boccard, 1981, 1955. 3 v. : facsims. (Bibliothèque des Écoles françaises d'Athènes et de Rome). Notes: Reprint of the 1955 edition./ Includes indexes./ Vol. 3: "Additions et corrections de L. Duchesne publiées par Cyrille Vogel ... avec L'Histoire du Liber pontificalis dupuis l'édition de L. Duchesne une bibliographie et des tables générales, I, 423.

(5) 3. SISINNIO (?-before 745)

Cardinalate. Documented as bishop cardinalis of Ostia in the Roman Synod of April 12, 732, convoked by Pope Gregory III in St. Peter's basilica.

Death. Before 745, (no place found). Buried (no information found).

Bibliography. Günther, O. "Kritische Beiträge zu den Akten der römischen Synode vom 12. April 732." Neues Archiv der Gesellschaft fùr Ältere Deutsche Geschichtskunde zur Befvrderung einer Gesamtausgabe der Quellenschriften deutscher Geschichten des Mittelalters, XVI (1891), 247; Le Liber pontificalis. Paris : E. de Boccard, 1981, 1955. 3 v. : facsims. (Bibliothèque des Écoles françaises d'Athénes et de Rome). Notes: Reprint of the 1955 edition./ Includes indexes./ Vol. 3: "Additions et corrections de L. Duchesne publiées par Cyrille Vogel ... avec L'Histoire du Liber pontificalis dupuis l'édition de L. Duchesne une bibliographie et des tables générales, I, 423.

(6) 4. EPIFANIO (?-before 742)

Cardinalate. Documented as bishop cardinalis of Silva Candida in the Roman Synod of April 12, 732, convoked by Pope Gregory III in St. Peter's basilica (1).

Death. Before 742, (no place found). Buried (no information found).

Bibliography. Cristofori, Francesco. Cronotasi dei cardinali di Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Tipografia de Propaganda Fide, 1888, p. 11; Günther, O. "Kritische Beiträge zu den Akten der römischen Synode vom 12. April 732." Neues Archiv der Gesellschaft fùr Ältere Deutsche Geschichtskunde zur Befvrderung einer Gesamtausgabe der Quellenschriften deutscher Geschichten des Mittelalters, XVI (1891), 247.

(1) This is according to Günther, O. "Kritische Beiträge zu den Akten der römischen Synode vom 12. April 732." Neues Archiv, XVI, 247. Cristofori, Cronotasi dei cardinali di Santa Romana Chiesa, p. 11, lists an Epifanio (Teofanio) bishop of Velletri from 743 to 745); Le Liber pontificalis. Paris : E. de Boccard, 1981, 1955. 3 v. : facsims. (Bibliothèque des Écoles françaises d'Athènes et de Rome). Notes: Reprint of the 1955 edition./ Includes indexes./ Vol. 3: "Additions et corrections de L. Duchesne publiées par Cyrille Vogel ... avec L'Histoire du Liber pontificalis dupuis l'édition de L. Duchesne une bibliographie et des tables générales, I, 423.

(7) 5. VENANZIO (?-?)

Cardinalate. Documented as bishop cardinalis of Praeneste in the Roman Synod of April 12, 732, convoked by Pope Gregory III in St. Peter's basilica (1).

Death. (No date or place found). Buried (no information found).

Bibliography. Cristofori, Francesco. Cronotasi dei cardinali di Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Tipografia de Propaganda Fide, 1888, p. 18; Gams, Pius Bonifatius. Series episcoporum Ecclesiae catholicae. 3 v. in 1. Graz : Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt, 1957, p. XVI; Günther, O. "Kritische Beiträge zu den Akten der römischen Synode vom 12. April 732." Neues Archiv der Gesellschaft fùr Ältere Deutsche Geschichtskunde zur Befvrderung einer Gesamtausgabe der Quellenschriften deutscher Geschichten des Mittelalters, XVI (1891), 247; Le Liber pontificalis. Paris : E. de Boccard, 1981, 1955. 3 v. : facsims. (Bibliothèque des Écoles françaises d'Athènes et de Rome). Notes: Reprint of the 1955 edition./ Includes indexes./ Vol. 3: "Additions et corrections de L. Duchesne publiées par Cyrille Vogel ... avec L'Histoire du Liber pontificalis dupuis l'édition de L. Duchesne une bibliographie et des tables générales, I, 423.

(1) This is according to Günther, "Kritische Beiträge zu den Akten der römischen Synode vom 12. April 732", Neues Archiv, XVI, 247. Cristofori, Cronotasi dei cardinali di Santa Romana Chiesa, p. 18, lists him as bishop of Palestrina between 743 and 745. Gams, Series episcoporum Ecclesiae catholicae, p. XVI, says that he was bishop of Praeneste from after September 743 until October 25, 745.

(8) 6. GREGORIO (?-?)

Cardinalate. Documented as bishop cardinalis of Porto in the Roman Synod of April 12, 732, convoked by Pope Gregory III in St. Peter's basilica.

Death. (No date or place found). Buried (no information found).

Bibliography. Le Liber pontificalis. Paris : E. de Boccard, 1981, 1955. 3 v. : facsims. (Bibliothèque des Écoles françaises d'Athènes et de Rome). Notes: Reprint of the 1955 edition./ Includes indexes./ Vol. 3: "Additions et corrections de L. Duchesne publiées par Cyrille Vogel ... avec L'Histoire du Liber pontificalis dupuis l'édition de L. Duchesne une bibliographie et des tables générales, I, 423; Günther, O. "Kritische Beiträge zu den Akten der römischen Synode vom 12. April 732." Neues Archiv der Gesellschaft fùr Ältere Deutsche Geschichtskunde zur Befvrderung einer Gesamtausgabe der Quellenschriften deutscher Geschichten des Mittelalters, XVI (1891), 247.

(9) 7. GIOVANNI (?-?)

Cardinalate. Documented as presbyter cardinalis in the Roman Synod of April 12, 732, convoked by Pope Gregory III in St. Peter's basilica; his title is not known. Archpresbyter of the Holy Roman Church (1).

Death. (No date or place found). Buried (no information found).

Bibliography. Cristofori, Francesco. Cronotasi dei cardinali di Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Tipografia de Propaganda Fide, 1888, p. 277; "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux des 10 premiers siècles". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1926. Paris : Maison de la Bonne Presse, 1927, p. 147, no. 1; Günther, O. "Kritische Beiträge zu den Akten der römischen Synode vom 12. April 732." Neues Archiv der Gesellschaft fùr Ältere Deutsche Geschichtskunde zur Befvrderung einer Gesamtausgabe der Quellenschriften deutscher Geschichten des Mittelalters, XVI (1891), 247; Le Liber pontificalis. Paris : E. de Boccard, 1981, 1955. 3 v. : facsims. (Bibliothèque des Écoles françaises d'Athènes et de Rome). Notes: Reprint of the 1955 edition./ Includes indexes./ Vol. 3: "Additions et corrections de L. Duchesne publiées par Cyrille Vogel ... avec L'Histoire du Liber pontificalis dupuis l'édition de L. Duchesne une bibliographie et des tables générales, I, 423.

(1) This is according to Günther, O. "Kritische Beiträge zu den Akten der römischen Synode vom 12. April 732." Neues Archiv, XVI, 247. Cristofori, Cronotasi dei cardinali di Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Tipografia de Propaganda Fide, 1888, p. 277, lists a Giovanni as archpriest between 745? and 761?.

(10) 8. EUSTRASIO (?-?)

Cardinalate. Documented as presbyter cardinalis in the Roman Synod of April 12, 732, convoked by Pope Gregory III in St. Peter's basilica; his title is not known.

Death. (No date or place found). Buried (no information found).

Bibliography. Günther, O. "Kritische Beiträge zu den Akten der römischen Synode vom 12. April 732." Neues Archiv der Gesellschaft fùr Ältere Deutsche Geschichtskunde zur Befvrderung einer Gesamtausgabe der Quellenschriften deutscher Geschichten des Mittelalters, XVI (1891), 247; Le Liber pontificalis. Paris : E. de Boccard, 1981, 1955. 3 v. : facsims. (Bibliothèque des Écoles françaises d'Athènes et de Rome). Notes: Reprint of the 1955 edition./ Includes indexes./ Vol. 3: "Additions et corrections de L. Duchesne publiées par Cyrille Vogel ... avec L'Histoire du Liber pontificalis dupuis l'édition de L. Duchesne une bibliographie et des tables générales, I, 423.

(11) 9. GREGORIO (?-?)

Cardinalate. Documented as presbyter cardinalis in the Roman Synod of April 12, 732, convoked by Pope Gregory III in St. Peter's basilica; his title is not known.

Death. (No date or place found). Buried (no information found).

Bibliography. Günther, O. "Kritische Beiträge zu den Akten der römischen Synode vom 12. April 732." Neues Archiv der Gesellschaft fùr Ältere Deutsche Geschichtskunde zur Befvrderung einer Gesamtausgabe der Quellenschriften deutscher Geschichten des Mittelalters, XVI (1891), 247; Le Liber pontificalis. Paris : E. de Boccard, 1981, 1955. 3 v. : facsims. (Bibliothèque des Écoles françaises d'Athènes et de Rome). Notes: Reprint of the 1955 edition./ Includes indexes./ Vol. 3: "Additions et corrections de L. Duchesne publiées par Cyrille Vogel ... avec L'Histoire du Liber pontificalis dupuis l'édition de L. Duchesne une bibliographie et des tables générales, I, 423.

(12) 10. GREGORIO (?-?)

Cardinalate. Documented as presbyter cardinalis in the Roman Synod of April 12, 732, convoked by Pope Gregory III in St. Peter's basilica; his title is not known.

Death. (No date or place found). Buried (no information found).

Bibliography. Günther, O. "Kritische Beiträge zu den Akten der römischen Synode vom 12. April 732." Neues Archiv der Gesellschaft fùr Ältere Deutsche Geschichtskunde zur Befvrderung einer Gesamtausgabe der Quellenschriften deutscher Geschichten des Mittelalters, XVI (1891), 247; Le Liber pontificalis. Paris : E. de Boccard, 1981, 1955. 3 v. : facsims. (Bibliothèque des Écoles françaises d'Athènes et de Rome). Notes: Reprint of the 1955 edition./ Includes indexes./ Vol. 3: "Additions et corrections de L. Duchesne publiées par Cyrille Vogel ... avec L'Histoire du Liber pontificalis dupuis l'édition de L. Duchesne une bibliographie et des tables générales, I, 423.

(13) 11. GIOVANNI (?-?)

Cardinalate. Documented as presbyter cardinalis in the Roman Synod of April 12, 732, convoked by Pope Gregory III in St. Peter's basilica; his title is not known.

Death. (No date or place found). Buried (no information found).

Bibliography. Günther, O. "Kritische Beiträge zu den Akten der römischen Synode vom 12. April 732." Neues Archiv der Gesellschaft fùr Ältere Deutsche Geschichtskunde zur Befvrderung einer Gesamtausgabe der Quellenschriften deutscher Geschichten des Mittelalters, XVI (1891), 247; Le Liber pontificalis. Paris : E. de Boccard, 1981, 1955. 3 v. : facsims. (Bibliothèque des Écoles françaises d'Athènes et de Rome). Notes: Reprint of the 1955 edition./ Includes indexes./ Vol. 3: "Additions et corrections de L. Duchesne publiées par Cyrille Vogel ... avec L'Histoire du Liber pontificalis dupuis l'édition de L. Duchesne une bibliographie et des tables générales, I, 423.

(14) 12. STEFANO (?-?)

Cardinalate. Documented as presbyter cardinalis in the Roman Synod of April 12, 732, convoked by Pope Gregory III in St. Peter's basilica; his title is not known.

Death. (No date or place found). Buried (no information found).

Bibliography. Günther, O. "Kritische Beiträge zu den Akten der römischen Synode vom 12. April 732." Neues Archiv der Gesellschaft fùr Ältere Deutsche Geschichtskunde zur Befvrderung einer Gesamtausgabe der Quellenschriften deutscher Geschichten des Mittelalters, XVI (1891), 247; Le Liber pontificalis. Paris : E. de Boccard, 1981, 1955. 3 v. : facsims. (Bibliothèque des Écoles françaises d'Athènes et de Rome). Notes: Reprint of the 1955 edition./ Includes indexes./ Vol. 3: "Additions et corrections de L. Duchesne publiées par Cyrille Vogel ... avec L'Histoire du Liber pontificalis dupuis l'édition de L. Duchesne une bibliographie et des tables générales, I, 423.

(15) 13. TEODORO (?-?)

Cardinalate. Documented as presbyter cardinalis in the Roman Synod of April 12, 732, convoked by Pope Gregory III in St. Peter's basilica; his title is not known.

Death. (No date or place found). Buried (no information found).

Bibliography. Günther, O. "Kritische Beiträge zu den Akten der römischen Synode vom 12. April 732." Neues Archiv der Gesellschaft fùr Ältere Deutsche Geschichtskunde zur Befvrderung einer Gesamtausgabe der Quellenschriften deutscher Geschichten des Mittelalters, XVI (1891), 247' Le Liber pontificalis. Paris : E. de Boccard, 1981, 1955. 3 v. : facsims. (Bibliothèque des Écoles françaises d'Athènes et de Rome). Notes: Reprint of the 1955 edition./ Includes indexes./ Vol. 3: "Additions et corrections de L. Duchesne publiées par Cyrille Vogel ... avec L'Histoire du Liber pontificalis dupuis l'édition de L. Duchesne une bibliographie et des tables générales, I, 423.

(16) 14. DOMENICO (?-?)

Cardinalate. Documented as presbyter cardinalis in the Roman Synod of April 12, 732, convoked by Pope Gregory III in St. Peter's basilica; his title is not known.

Death. (No date or place found). Buried (no information found).

Bibliography. Günther, O. "Kritische Beiträge zu den Akten der römischen Synode vom 12. April 732." Neues Archiv der Gesellschaft fùr Ältere Deutsche Geschichtskunde zur Befvrderung einer Gesamtausgabe der Quellenschriften deutscher Geschichten des Mittelalters, XVI (1891), 247; Le Liber pontificalis. Paris : E. de Boccard, 1981, 1955. 3 v. : facsims. (Bibliothèque des Écoles françaises d'Athènes et de Rome). Notes: Reprint of the 1955 edition./ Includes indexes./ Vol. 3: "Additions et corrections de L. Duchesne publiées par Cyrille Vogel ... avec L'Histoire du Liber pontificalis dupuis l'édition de L. Duchesne une bibliographie et des tables générales, I, 423.

(17) 15. TEODORO (?-?)

Cardinalate. Documented as presbyter cardinalis in the Roman Synod of April 12, 732, convoked by Pope Gregory III in St. Peter's basilica; his title is not known.

Death. (No date or place found). Buried (no information found).

Bibliography. Günther, O. "Kritische Beiträge zu den Akten der römischen Synode vom 12. April 732." Neues Archiv der Gesellschaft fùr Ältere Deutsche Geschichtskunde zur Befvrderung einer Gesamtausgabe der Quellenschriften deutscher Geschichten des Mittelalters, XVI (1891), 247; Le Liber pontificalis. Paris : E. de Boccard, 1981, 1955. 3 v. : facsims. (Bibliothèque des Écoles françaises d'Athènes et de Rome). Notes: Reprint of the 1955 edition./ Includes indexes./ Vol. 3: "Additions et corrections de L. Duchesne publiées par Cyrille Vogel ... avec L'Histoire du Liber pontificalis dupuis l'édition de L. Duchesne une bibliographie et des tables générales, I, 423.

(18) 16. SERGIO (?-?)

Cardinalate. Documented as presbyter cardinalis in the Roman Synod of April 12, 732, convoked by Pope Gregory III in St. Peter's basilica; his title is not known.

Death. (No date or place found). Buried (no information found).

Bibliography.Günther, O. "Kritische Beiträge zu den Akten der römischen Synode vom 12. April 732." Neues Archiv der Gesellschaft fùr Ältere Deutsche Geschichtskunde zur Befvrderung einer Gesamtausgabe der Quellenschriften deutscher Geschichten des Mittelalters, XVI (1891), 247; Le Liber pontificalis. Paris : E. de Boccard, 1981, 1955. 3 v. : facsims. (Bibliothèque des Écoles françaises d'Athènes et de Rome). Notes: Reprint of the 1955 edition./ Includes indexes./ Vol. 3: "Additions et corrections de L. Duchesne publiées par Cyrille Vogel ... avec L'Histoire du Liber pontificalis dupuis l'édition de L. Duchesne une bibliographie et des tables générales, I, 423.

(19) 17. SERGIO (?-?)

Cardinalate. Documented as presbyter cardinalis in the Roman Synod of April 12, 732, convoked by Pope Gregory III in St. Peter's basilica; his title is not known.

Death. (No date or place found). Buried (no information found).

Bibliography. Günther, O. "Kritische Beiträge zu den Akten der römischen Synode vom 12. April 732." Neues Archiv der Gesellschaft fùr Ältere Deutsche Geschichtskunde zur Befvrderung einer Gesamtausgabe der Quellenschriften deutscher Geschichten des Mittelalters, XVI (1891), 247; Le Liber pontificalis. Paris : E. de Boccard, 1981, 1955. 3 v. : facsims. (Bibliothèque des Écoles françaises d'Athènes et de Rome). Notes: Reprint of the 1955 edition./ Includes indexes./ Vol. 3: "Additions et corrections de L. Duchesne publiées par Cyrille Vogel ... avec L'Histoire du Liber pontificalis dupuis l'édition de L. Duchesne une bibliographie et des tables générales, I, 423.

(20) 18. ANDREA (?-?)

Cardinalate. Documented as presbyter cardinalis in the Roman Synod of April 12, 732, convoked by Pope Gregory III in St. Peter's basilica; his title is not known.

Death. (No date or place found). Buried (no information found).

Bibliography. Günther, O. "Kritische Beiträge zu den Akten der römischen Synode vom 12. April 732." Neues Archiv der Gesellschaft fùr Ältere Deutsche Geschichtskunde zur Befvrderung einer Gesamtausgabe der Quellenschriften deutscher Geschichten des Mittelalters, XVI (1891), 247; Le Liber pontificalis. Paris : E. de Boccard, 1981, 1955. 3 v. : facsims. (Bibliothèque des Écoles françaises d'Athènes et de Rome). Notes: Reprint of the 1955 edition./ Includes indexes./ Vol. 3: "Additions et corrections de L. Duchesne publiées par Cyrille Vogel ... avec L'Histoire du Liber pontificalis dupuis l'édition de L. Duchesne une bibliographie et des tables générales, I, 423.

(21) 19. SERGIO (?-?)

Cardinalate. Documented as presbyter cardinalis in the Roman Synod of April 12, 732, convoked by Pope Gregory III in St. Peter's basilica; his title is not known.

Death. (No date or place found). Buried (no information found).

Bibliography. Günther, O. "Kritische Beiträge zu den Akten der römischen Synode vom 12. April 732." Neues Archiv der Gesellschaft fùr Ältere Deutsche Geschichtskunde zur Befvrderung einer Gesamtausgabe der Quellenschriften deutscher Geschichten des Mittelalters, XVI (1891), 247; Le Liber pontificalis. Paris : E. de Boccard, 1981, 1955. 3 v. : facsims. (Bibliothèque des Écoles françaises d'Athènes et de Rome). Notes: Reprint of the 1955 edition./ Includes indexes./ Vol. 3: "Additions et corrections de L. Duchesne publiées par Cyrille Vogel ... avec L'Histoire du Liber pontificalis dupuis l'édition de L. Duchesne une bibliographie et des tables générales, I, 423.

(22) 20. SISINNIO (?-?)

Cardinalate. Documented as presbyter cardinalis in the Roman Synod of April 12, 732, convoked by Pope Gregory III in St. Peter's basilica; his title is not known.

Death. (No date or place found). Buried (no information found).

Bibliography. Günther, O. "Kritische Beiträge zu den Akten der römischen Synode vom 12. April 732." Neues Archiv der Gesellschaft fùr Ältere Deutsche Geschichtskunde zur Befvrderung einer Gesamtausgabe der Quellenschriften deutscher Geschichten des Mittelalters, XVI (1891), 247; Le Liber pontificalis. Paris : E. de Boccard, 1981, 1955. 3 v. : facsims. (Bibliothèque des Écoles françaises d'Athènes et de Rome). Notes: Reprint of the 1955 edition./ Includes indexes./ Vol. 3: "Additions et corrections de L. Duchesne publiées par Cyrille Vogel ... avec L'Histoire du Liber pontificalis dupuis l'édition de L. Duchesne une bibliographie et des tables générales, I, 423.

(23) 21. PIETRO (?-?)

Cardinalate. Documented as presbyter cardinalis in the Roman Synod of April 12, 732, convoked by Pope Gregory III in St. Peter's basilica; his title is not known.

Death. (No date or place found). Buried (no information found).

Bibliography. Günther, O. "Kritische Beiträge zu den Akten der römischen Synode vom 12. April 732." Neues Archiv der Gesellschaft fùr Ältere Deutsche Geschichtskunde zur Befvrderung einer Gesamtausgabe der Quellenschriften deutscher Geschichten des Mittelalters, XVI (1891), 247; Le Liber pontificalis. Paris : E. de Boccard, 1981, 1955. 3 v. : facsims. (Bibliothèque des Écoles françaises d'Athènes et de Rome). Notes: Reprint of the 1955 edition./ Includes indexes./ Vol. 3: "Additions et corrections de L. Duchesne publiées par Cyrille Vogel ... avec L'Histoire du Liber pontificalis dupuis l'édition de L. Duchesne une bibliographie et des tables générales, I, 423.

(24) 22. TEOFANIO (?-?)

Cardinalate. Documented as presbyter cardinalis in the Roman Synod of April 12, 732, convoked by Pope Gregory III in St. Peter's basilica; his title is not known.

Death. (No date or place found). Buried (no information found).

Bibliography. Günther, O. "Kritische Beiträge zu den Akten der römischen Synode vom 12. April 732." Neues Archiv der Gesellschaft fùr Ältere Deutsche Geschichtskunde zur Befvrderung einer Gesamtausgabe der Quellenschriften deutscher Geschichten des Mittelalters, XVI (1891), 247; Le Liber pontificalis. Paris : E. de Boccard, 1981, 1955. 3 v. : facsims. (Bibliothèque des Écoles françaises d'Athènes et de Rome). Notes: Reprint of the 1955 edition./ Includes indexes./ Vol. 3: "Additions et corrections de L. Duchesne publiées par Cyrille Vogel ... avec L'Histoire du Liber pontificalis dupuis l'édition de L. Duchesne une bibliographie et des tables générales, I, 423.

(25) 23. SERGIO (?-?)

Cardinalate. Documented as presbyter cardinalis in the Roman Synod of April 12, 732, convoked by Pope Gregory III in St. Peter's basilica; his title is not known.

Death. (No date or place found). Buried (no information found).

Bibliography. Günther, O. "Kritische Beiträge zu den Akten der römischen Synode vom 12. April 732." Neues Archiv der Gesellschaft fùr Ältere Deutsche Geschichtskunde zur Befvrderung einer Gesamtausgabe der Quellenschriften deutscher Geschichten des Mittelalters, XVI (1891), 247; Le Liber pontificalis. Paris : E. de Boccard, 1981, 1955. 3 v. : facsims. (Bibliothèque des Écoles françaises d'Athènes et de Rome). Notes: Reprint of the 1955 edition./ Includes indexes./ Vol. 3: "Additions et corrections de L. Duchesne publiées par Cyrille Vogel ... avec L'Histoire du Liber pontificalis dupuis l'édition de L. Duchesne une bibliographie et des tables générales, I, 423.

(26) 24. GIORDANES (?-?)

Cardinalate. Documented as presbyter cardinalis in the Roman Synod of April 12, 732, convoked by Pope Gregory III in St. Peter's basilica; his title is not known.

Death. (No date or place found). Buried (no information found).

Bibliography. Günther, O. "Kritische Beiträge zu den Akten der römischen Synode vom 12. April 732." Neues Archiv der Gesellschaft fùr Ältere Deutsche Geschichtskunde zur Befvrderung einer Gesamtausgabe der Quellenschriften deutscher Geschichten des Mittelalters, XVI (1891), 247; Le Liber pontificalis. Paris : E. de Boccard, 1981, 1955. 3 v. : facsims. (Bibliothèque des Écoles françaises d'Athènes et de Rome). Notes: Reprint of the 1955 edition./ Includes indexes./ Vol. 3: "Additions et corrections de L. Duchesne publiées par Cyrille Vogel ... avec L'Histoire du Liber pontificalis dupuis l'édition de L. Duchesne une bibliographie et des tables générales, I, 423.

(27) 25. GIOVANNI (?-?)

Cardinalate. Documented as presbyter cardinalis in the Roman Synod of April 12, 732, convoked by Pope Gregory III in St. Peter's basilica; his title is not known.

Death. (No date or place found). Buried (no information found).

Bibliography. Günther, O. "Kritische Beiträge zu den Akten der römischen Synode vom 12. April 732." Neues Archiv der Gesellschaft fùr Ältere Deutsche Geschichtskunde zur Befvrderung einer Gesamtausgabe der Quellenschriften deutscher Geschichten des Mittelalters, XVI (1891), 247; Le Liber pontificalis. Paris : E. de Boccard, 1981, 1955. 3 v. : facsims. (Bibliothèque des Écoles françaises d'Athènes et de Rome). Notes: Reprint of the 1955 edition./ Includes indexes./ Vol. 3: "Additions et corrections de L. Duchesne publiées par Cyrille Vogel ... avec L'Histoire du Liber pontificalis dupuis l'édition de L. Duchesne une bibliographie et des tables générales, I, 423.

(28) 26. ZACCARIA (ca. 679-752)

Cardinalate. Documented as deacon cardinalis of the Holy Roman Church in the Roman Synod of April 12, 732, convoked by Pope Gregory III in St. Peter's basilica. He was among the staff of Pope Gregory III, since in this function he met the apostle of the evangelization of Germany, Boniface, probably during the latter's third trip to Rome in 737-738. He was elevated to the Roman pontificate twelve days after the death of Pope Gregory III during a particularly difficult political situation. The electors were convened at the basilica of Vigilio in the Lateran patriarchium.

Papacy. Elected pope on December 3, 741. Kept his given name as papal name. He was ordained a priest immediately. Consecrated the follwong Sunday by the bishop of Ostia in the Oratory of S. Lorenzo in the Lateran patriarchium. He was the first pope not to request approval of his election from the exarch of Ravenna of the Byzantine emperor. At that time, Italy was still subject to continuous raids by Lombard King Liutprando, whose his goal was to regain the duchy of Spoleto and punish Rome because the pope had protected Trasamondo, duke of Spoleto. Pope Zacharias was isolated. From the Franks there was little hope to received aid for the moment. Charles Martel had died, and his children Carloman and Pepin the Short had split the job of masters of the palace in the various regions of the kingdom, but were often at odds among themselves, even if the authority of Pepin seemed safer, since he had managed to impose as king one of his favorite, Childeric III. In any case, the two had no time to think about the pope. The new Byzantine Emperor Artabardo showed no interest in his territories in Italy; and much less concern on helping a pope who had not requested his approval to be anointed. The pontiff could only negotiate with Liutprando. Pope Zacharias wanted to repossess four castles of the Roman Campagna; the Lombard king promised the return on condition of a joint action of the Roman army, now under the orders of the pope and not the Exarch, and his troops against Duke Trasamondo of Spoleto. The pope accepted, breaching a commitment made by his predecessor to Duke Trasamondo without hesitation sacrificing him for the interests of the Church; the duke's life was spared by King Liutprando provided that he became a monk as he did. King Liutprando also seized the duchy of Benevento and returned in Tuscia without returning to the pope the four castles.

Pope Zacharias, in the spring of 742, left Rome to go to ask the Lombard king what he had promised; the meeting between the two took place in Terni, in the basilica of S. Valentino, and the pope obtained what he wanted and more. The pope not only recovered Orte, Ameria, Bomarzo and Blera, but also got other donations: Sabina and the territories of Narni, Osimo, Ancona, Numana and Valle Magna, Lombard properties. The Roman Duchy enlarged, the duke-pope as a seal of reconciliation, in the midst of an official banquet drew up a peace treaty with the Lombards for twenty years. Apparently, Pope Zacharias possessed a charming eloquence, and thus surprisingly surrendered King Liutprando. The pope was fully convinced that he had founded a kingdom on earth; he then must safeguard it and command respect. King Liutprando offered the pope the opportunity for a proper proof. A few months after that famous lunch, the Lombard king thought to make up for all the various endowments; he conquered Pentapolis and placed Ravenna under siege. Exarch Eutychius of Ravenna asked for the mediation of the pope, who again left Rome to meet King Liutprando, leaving the city administered by Patrician Stefano. This time the pontiff joined the monarch at Pavia, on June 28, 743. The king again surrendered to the charm and rhetorical art of the pope, returning all the lands he had conquered to the exarch and lifting the siege. King Liutprando's had probably just reached the limit of his authoritarian capabilities was clearly worn out; and in fact he died in the last days of 743 or in 744. The throne passed to Ratchis, Lombard duke of Friuli, who confirmed the twenty year truce granted by King Liutprando. He celebrated a Roman Synod on October 25 to 28, 745, in the basilica Theodori, in the Lateran patriachium, in which he condemned the priests Adalbert and Clement, who preached erroneus doctrines in Germany and were detrimental to the ecclesiastical authorities and to Bishop Boniface's mission. Like his predecessors Popes Gregory II and Gregory III, he fully supported Boniface, who continually referred makers to him, and encouraged and directed his program for the reform of the Frankish church, appointing him his legate. In 747, the pope confirmed the condemnation of two heretical impostors, Adalbert and Clement, by Boniface.

The new king was very meek and realized that politics and war were not for him. In 749, he became a monk in the monastery of Montecassino. His brother Astolfo, became the new king of the Lombards. He was far more energetic, so he went back to the project of conquering Pentapolis; he occupied Comacchio and Ferrara; and in 751, Ravenna. The pope accepted the fall of the exarchate and worried instead that from Ravenna to Rome there was then an open way for a Lombard assault of his duchy. Pope Zacharias had to approach the Frankish kingdom, which was now administered by Pepin the Short alone, and who had secret aspirations to the throne. In 747, two years before Lombard King Ratchis had left the throne to become a monk, Carloman had felt called by God, went to Rome, became a monk and retired first to Monte Soratte, building a monastery; and later to Montecassino. The pope knew that obtaining help from both, King Childeric III and his minster, Pepin, was going to be extremely difficult. Fortunately for the pontiff, Pepin, the major of the palace, had doubts about if he could break his oath of allegiance to his king, dethrone him and become king himself starting a new dynasty. In 751 Pepin decided to entrust the matter to a council and sent to Rome Burchard, bishop of Virzburg and Folredo, abbot of St. Denis, to ask the pope, whose moral and religious authority was indisputably, if it was possible the cancellation of the sacred oath to a king who in fact - as the ambassadors had to clarify - was without power. In this way, the wishes of the French people, who felt adrift without the authority of a true king, would be met. The speeches of ambassadors seemed to have suggested an answer for Pope Zacharias, who moreover did not need any suggestions: Ravenna had fallen, the emperor was concerned with his affairs in the East, and King Astolfo was marching toward the walls of Rome. The pope urgently needed military help to defend his duchy and Pepin gladly would repay a favor as great as the one that the pope was about to do. Pope Zacharias said, according to Annales Francorum, that it was preferable that the royal title was in possession of one who had real power, and not that it would remain in one without power. The pope concluded his answer ordering that Pepin would be crowned king. The pope's answer reflected not that of a man of the Church but one strictly politically who declared invalid a sacred oath for reasons that would ensure political and military protection to the papal duchy. King Childeric III, according to the custom of the time, ended up in a monastery, and Pepin the Short was crowned in the fields of Soissons by Bishop Boniface between September 751 and February 752. The pope died shortly after completing his masterpiece. During his pontificate, he ordained 85 bishops, 30 priests and 5 deacons. He was the last Greek pope.

Death. March 15 (or 12, or 14), 752, Rome. On the following day took place the funeral and after it, his remains were buried in the portico pontificum in St. Peter's basilica. His tomb was destroyed during the demolition of the old basilica and the construction of the new one in the 16th and 17th centuries.

Sainthood. Inscribed in the Roman Martyrology, his feast is celebrated on March 15 in the West, and on September 5 in the East.

Bibliography. Bartolini, Domenico. Di s. Zaccaria papa e degli anni del suo pontificato : commentarii storico-critici. Ratisbona : Federico Pustet, 1879. Responsibility: raccolti ed esposti da Domenico Bartolini; Bertolini, Ottorino. "I rapporti di Zaccaria con Constantino V e con Artavasado nel racconto del biografo e nella probabile realtà storica." Archivio della Società romana di storia patria. LXXVII (1955), 1-21; Cardella, Lorenzo. Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Stamperia Pagliarini, 1792, I, pt. 1, 33 and 35-37; Chacón, Alfonso. Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificum Romanorum : et S.R.E. Cardinalium ab initio nascentis Ecclesiae usque ad Clementem IX P. O. M. Alphonsi Ciaconii Ord. Praed. & aliorum opera descriptæ : cum uberrimis notis. Ab Augustino Oldoino, Soc. Jesu recognitae, et ad quatuor tomos ingenti ubique rerum accessione productae. Additis Pontificum recentiorum imaginibus, & Cardinalium insignibus, plurimisque aeneis figuris, cum indicibus locupletissimis. Romæ : P. et A. De Rubeis, 1677, I, col. 517-524; Cristofori, Francesco. Cronotasi dei cardinali di Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Tipografia de Propaganda Fide, 1888, p. XXXVIII; Delogu, Paolo. "Zaccaria, santo". Enciclopedia dei papi. 3 vols. Roma : Istituto della Enciclopedia italiana, 2000, I, 656-660; Del Re, Niccolò. "Zaccaria, papa, santo." Mondo vaticano. Passato e presente. Città del Vaticano : Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 1995, p. 1095-1096; "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux des 10 premiers siècles". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1926. Paris : Maison de la Bonne Presse, 1927, p. 147, no. 22; Günther, O. "Kritische Beiträge zu den Akten der römischen Synode vom 12. April 732." Neues Archiv der Gesellschaft fùr Ältere Deutsche Geschichtskunde zur Befvrderung einer Gesamtausgabe der Quellenschriften deutscher Geschichten des Mittelalters, XVI (1891), 247; Kelly, John Norman Davidson. The Oxford Dictionary of Popes. Oxford ; New York : Oxford University Press, 1986, p. 89-90; Le Liber pontificalis. Paris : E. de Boccard, 1981, 1955. 3 v. : facsims. (Bibliothèque des Écoles françaises d'Athènes et de Rome). Notes: Reprint of the 1955 edition./ Includes indexes./ Vol. 3: "Additions et corrections de L. Duchesne publiées par Cyrille Vogel ... avec L'Histoire du Liber pontificalis dupuis l'édition de L. Duchesne une bibliographie et des tables générales, I, 423 and 426-439; Marcou, G. S. "Zaccaria (679-752): l'ultimo papa greco nella storia di Roma altomedievale. Note storico-giudiriche." Apollinaris: commentarium iuridico-canonicum, L (1977), 274-289; Montini, Renzo Uberto. Le tombe dei papi. Roma : Angelo Belardetti, 1957. Note: At head of title: Instituto di studi romani, p. 31, no. 91; Reardon, Wendy J. The deaths of the popes : comprehensive accounts, including funerals, burial places and epitaphs. Jefferson, N.C. : McFarland & Co., Publishers, 2004, p. 58; Regesta pontificum Romanorum ab conditio Ecclesia. Ad annum post Christum natum MCXCVIII. Graz : Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt, 1956. 2 v. Reprint. Originally published : Lipsiae : Veit et comp., 1885-1888. Original t.p. included : Regesta pontificum Romanorum ab condita ecclesia : ad annum post Christum natum MCXCVIII. Editionem secundam correctam et auctam edidit Philippus Jaffè ; auspiciis Gulielmi Wattenbach; curaverunt S. Loewenfeld, F. Kaltenbrunner, P. Ewald, I, 262-270.

Webgraphy. Biography by Paolo Delogu, in Italian, Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani - Volume 100 (2020), Treccani; biography by Johann Peter Kirsch, The Catholic Encyclopedia; biography, in English, Encyclopaedia Britannica; his image and biography, Wikipedia; biography, in English, The Papal Library. saint-mike.org; his image and biography, in Italian, Wikipedia; biography, in Italian, Santi e beati; his image and biography, in Italian, Storia di Scandale; biography, in Norwegian, Kirken i Norge; La donazione di Liutprando al papa, in Italian, cronologia leonardo.it; Di s. Zaccaria papa e degli anni del suo pontificato: commentarii storico critici by Cardinal Domenico Bartolini, in Italian, Google books; his mage, fresco in the church of S. Maria Antiqua, Rome, Fototeca Nazionale, Rome; detail of the pope's image, same fesco, Fototeca Nazionale, Rome; another view of the same fresco, TopFoto.co.uk; Pope Zacharias meets King Rachis during the siege of Perugia by Francesco Solimena, Pinacoteca di Brera, Milano, kunst-fur-alle; his engravings, Araldica Vaticana; Saint Zachary Retablo, Etsy; his engraving, Bildarchiv Austria. Die Bildplattform der Österreichischen Nationalbibliothek; his engraving, Bildarchiv Austria. Die Bildplattform der Österreichischen Nationalbibliothek; his engraving, Bildarchiv Austria. Die Bildplattform der Österreichischen Nationalbibliothek; his engraving from the same source; his engraving also from the same source; his engraving also from the same source.

(29) 27.GIOVANNI (?-?)

Cardinalate. Documented as deacon cardinalis of the Holy Roman Church in the Roman Synod of April 12, 732, convoked by Pope Gregory III in St. Peter's basilica.

Death. (No date or place found). Buried (no information found).

Bibliography. Günther, O. "Kritische Beiträge zu den Akten der römischen Synode vom 12. April 732." Neues Archiv der Gesellschaft fùr Ältere Deutsche Geschichtskunde zur Befvrderung einer Gesamtausgabe der Quellenschriften deutscher Geschichten des Mittelalters, XVI (1891), 247; Le Liber pontificalis. Paris : E. de Boccard, 1981, 1955. 3 v. : facsims. (Bibliothèque des Écoles françaises d'Athènes et de Rome). Notes: Reprint of the 1955 edition./ Includes indexes./ Vol. 3: "Additions et corrections de L. Duchesne publiées par Cyrille Vogel ... avec L'Histoire du Liber pontificalis dupuis l'édition de L. Duchesne une bibliographie et des tables générales, I, 423.

(30) 28. TEOFILATTO (?-?)

Cardinalate. Documented as deacon cardinalis of the Holy Roman Church in the Roman Synod of April 12, 732, convoked by Pope Gregory III in St. Peter's basilica.

Death. (No date or place found). Buried (no information found).

Bibliography. Günther, O. "Kritische Beiträge zu den Akten der römischen Synode vom 12. April 732." Neues Archiv der Gesellschaft fùr Ältere Deutsche Geschichtskunde zur Befvrderung einer Gesamtausgabe der Quellenschriften deutscher Geschichten des Mittelalters, XVI (1891), 247; Le Liber pontificalis. Paris : E. de Boccard, 1981, 1955. 3 v. : facsims. (Bibliothèque des Écoles françaises d'Athènes et de Rome). Notes: Reprint of the 1955 edition./ Includes indexes./ Vol. 3: "Additions et corrections de L. Duchesne publiées par Cyrille Vogel ... avec L'Histoire du Liber pontificalis dupuis l'édition de L. Duchesne une bibliographie et des tables générales, I, 423.

(31) 29. GEMMULO (?-?)

Cardinalate. Documented as deacon cardinalis of the Holy Roman Church in the Roman Synod of April 12, 732, convoked by Pope Gregory III in St. Peter's basilica.

Death. (No date or place found). Buried (no information found).

Bibliography. Günther, O. "Kritische Beiträge zu den Akten der römischen Synode vom 12. April 732." Neues Archiv der Gesellschaft fùr Ältere Deutsche Geschichtskunde zur Befvrderung einer Gesamtausgabe der Quellenschriften deutscher Geschichten des Mittelalters, XVI (1891), 247; Le Liber pontificalis. Paris : E. de Boccard, 1981, 1955. 3 v. : facsims. (Bibliothèque des Écoles françaises d'Athènes et de Rome). Notes: Reprint of the 1955 edition./ Includes indexes./ Vol. 3: "Additions et corrections de L. Duchesne publiées par Cyrille Vogel ... avec L'Histoire du Liber pontificalis dupuis l'édition de L. Duchesne une bibliographie et des tables générales, I, 423.

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