The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church - Guide to documents and events (76-2005)

The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church

Guide to documents and events

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18th Century
(1700-1799)

Numerical summary of the cardinals created by the 8 popes of this century.

Clement XI (1700-1721) - 70 cardinals
Innocent XIII (1721-1724) - 3 cardinals
Benedict XIII (1724-1730) - 29 cardinals
Clement XII (1730-1740) - 35 cardinals
Benedict XIV (1740-1758) - 64 cardinals
Clement XIII (1758-1769) - 52 cardinals
Clement XIV (1769-1774) - 17 cardinals
Pius VI (1775-1799) - 73 cardinals
Total: 343 cardinals

Source: Hierarchia catholica medii et recentoris aevi sive Summorum Pontificum, S.R.E. cardinalium ecclesiarum antistitum series. Edited by Guilelmus van Gulik, Conradus Eubel, Ludovicus Schmitz-Kallenberg, Remigius Ritzler, and Pirminus Sefrin. 8 vols. Munich: Librariae Regensbergianae, 1913-1978. Reprint edition: Padua: Il Messaggero di S. Antonio, 1960-1982, vol. V, pp. 22-39; VI, pp. 5-38.

Electronic source: Consistories of the 18th Century

Romani Pontificis, September 7, 1724, Benedict XIII (1724-1730).

Conferred the deanship of the Sacred College of Cardinals to the most senior cardinal whether residing in Rome or not, thus changing what had been decreed by Pope Paul IV in the bull Cum venerabilis of September 11, 1555.

Source: "Dignité des cardinaux", Analecta juris pontificii, II, col. 1918.

Text: Bullarum, diplomatum et privilegiorum sanctorum Romanorum pontificum taurinensis editio. Locupletior facta collectione novissima plurium brevium, epistolarum, decretorum actorumque S. Sedis a S. Leone Magno usque ad praesens cura et studio R.P.D. Aloysii Tomassetti ... auspicante ... S.R.E. cardinali Francisco Gaude. Augustae Taurinorum: Seb. Franco, H. Fory et Henrico Dalmazzo editoribus, 1857-1872. 25 v., XXII, 91-97.

The deaconry of S. Maria ad Martyres (Rotonda) erected, July 23, 1725, Benedict XIII (1724-1730).

In the secret consistory celebrated on July 23, 1725, the pope established this new deaconry also known as S. Maria Rotonda because of the circular shape of the building, the Pantheon.

Source: Source: Hierarchia catholica medii et recentoris aevi sive Summorum Pontificum, S.R.E. cardinalium ecclesiarum antistitum series. Edited by Guilelmus van Gulik, Conradus Eubel, Ludovicus Schmitz-Kallenberg, Remigius Ritzler, and Pirminus Sefrin. 8 vols. Munich: Librariae Regensbergianae, 1913-1978. Reprint edition: Padua: Il Messaggero di S. Antonio, 1960-1982, V, 54.

Pastorale officium, January 10, 1731, Clement XII (1730-1740).

Restored Paul IV's decree Cum venerabilis of September 11, 1555, establishing that the most senior cardinal bishop residing in Rome was to be the dean of the Sacred College. Regulated precedence among the cardinals according to the three orders (bishops, priests and deacons), and in each order according to seniority. In the order of bishops, however, seniority is not according to date of reception in the cardinalitial body, but according to the date of episcopal consecration.

Source: Sägmüller, Johannes Baptist. "Cardinal", The Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: The Encyclopedia Press, 1913, p. 340.

Apostolatus officium, constitution, October 4, 1732, Clement XII (1730-1740).

Regulates the governing of the Church during the vacancy of the Holy See.

Source: Staffa, Dino. "Annotationes ad Const. Ap. Vacantis Apostolicae Sedis", Apollinaris XIX (1946), 176.

Avendo Noi, chirograph, December 24, 1732, Clement XII (1730-1740).

Completes his previous constitution in relation to the expenses of the conclave.

Source: Staffa, Dino. "Annotationes ad Const. Ap. Vacantis Apostolicae Sedis", Apollinaris XIX (1946), 176.

Salutare, constitution, January 3, 1742, Benedict XIV (1740-1758).

Pastor bonus, constitution, April (13?), 1744, Benedict XIV (1740-1758).

Source: Staffa, Dino. "Annotationes ad Const. Ap. Vacantis Apostolicae Sedis", Apollinaris XIX (1946), 176-177.

In Apostolicae, apostolic constitution, April 13, 1744, Benedict XIV, (1740-1758).

Source: Staffa, Dino. "Annotationes ad Const. Ap. Vacantis Apostolicae Sedis", Apollinaris XIX (1946), 177.

Inter conspicuos, constitution, September 4, 1744, Benedict XIV (1740-1758).

Inter arduas, constitution, April 22, 1749, Benedict XIV (1740-1758).

Attentis peculiaribus praesentibus Ecclesiae circumstantis, brief, February 11, 1797, Pius VI (1775-1799).

Source: Staffa, Dino. "Annotationes ad Const. Ap. Vacantis Apostolicae Sedis", Apollinaris XIX (1946), 177.

Christi Ecclaesia regendae, constitution, December 30, 1797, Pius VI (1775-1799).

Source: Staffa, Dino. "Annotationes ad Const. Ap. Vacantis Apostolicae Sedis", Apollinaris XIX (1946), 177.

Quum nos superiore anno, constitution, November 13, 1798, Pius VI (1775-1799).

Source: Staffa, Dino. "Annotationes ad Const. Ap. Vacantis Apostolicae Sedis", Apollinaris XIX (1946), 177.