(16) 1. LEOPERTUS (?-1069)
Birth. (No date found), probably in Germany. He is also listed as Leoperto and as Loperto.
Education. (No information found).
Early life. He was a good friend of Pietro Damiano, future cardinal and saint.
Cardinalate. Created cardinal bishop of Palestrina in a consistory celebrated in 1065. Consecrated (no information found). Legate in Germany in 1066. Probably around Christmas 1066, he received a letter from Abbot Mainard of Pomposa. He subscribed papal bulls issued on May 10, 1067, at the Lateran palace; and in June 1068, both in favor of the abbey of Montecassino. At the beginning of 1069, he signed a synodal act.
Death. Early in 1069 (1), (no place found). Buried (no information found).
Bibliography. Cardella, Lorenzo. Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Stamperia Pagliarini, 1792, I, pt. 1, 146-147; Chacón, Alfonso. Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm ab initio nascentis Ecclesiæ vsque ad Vrbanvm VIII. Pont. Max. 2 volumes. Romae : Typis Vaticanis, 1677, I, col. 837, no. IV; Cristofori, Francesco. Cronotasi dei cardinali di Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Tipografia de Propaganda Fide, 1888, p. ; "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIè siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1927. Paris : Maison de la Bonne Presse, 1928, p. 141, no. 3; Hüls, Rudolf. Kardinäle, Klerus und Kirchen Roms: 1049-1130. 1 aufl. Tübingen: Max Niemeyer, 1977. (Bibliothek des Deutschen Historischen Instituts in Rom: Bd. 48), p. 110, no. 5; Klewitz, Hans-Walter. Reformpapsttum und Kardinalkolleg. Die Entstehung des Kardinalkollegiums. Studien über die Wiederherstellung der römischen Kirche in Süditalien durch das Reformpapsttum. Das Ende des Reformpapsttums. Darmstadt : Hermann Gentner Verlag, 1957, p. 117, no. 13; Mas Latrie, Louis. Trésor de chronologie d'histoire et de géographie pour l'étude et l'emploi des documents du moyen âge. Paris : Librairie Victor Palmé, 1889, col. 1179, no. 4; Regesta pontificum Romanorum ab conditio Ecclesia. Ad annum post Christum natum MCXCVIII. Graz : Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt, 1956. 2 v. Reprint. Originally published : Lipsiae : Veit et comp., 1885-1888. Original t.p. included : Regesta pontificum Romanorum ab condita ecclesia : ad annum post Christum natum MCXCVIII. Editionem secundam correctam et auctam edidit Philippus Jaffè ; auspiciis Gulielmi Wattenbach; curaverunt S. Loewenfeld, F. Kaltenbrunner, P. Ewald, I, 566.
(1) This is according to Hüls, Kardinäle, Klerus und Kirchen Roms: 1049-1130, p. 110, no. 5, which says that he signed a synodal act at the beginning of 1069. "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIè siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1927, p. 141, no. 3, says that he died after June 1068. Mas Latrie, Trésor de chronologie d'histoire et de géographie, col. 1179, no. 4 says that he died on May 14, 1067.
(17) 2. GIOVANNI (?-1088)
Birth. (No date or place found).
Education. (No information found).
Cardinalate. Created cardinal bishop of Frascati in a consistory celebrated in 1065 (1). Consecrated (no information found). Subscribed papal bulls issued on May 6, 1065, at the Lateran palace; and August-September 1067, in Salerno; and December 30, 1068, in Perugia. On February 18, 1068, he issued a document concerning Montecassino and sought its approval by Count Gregorio III of Tusculum. In December 1068, he was with Pope Alexander II in Chiusi. Probably in early 1069, he signed a synodal act. On October 1, 1071, he attended the inauguration of the new basilica of Montecassino, and consecrated the Marian altar. Participated in the papal election of 1073, in which Pope Gregory VII was elected.
Death. 1088, (no place found). Buried (no information found).
Bibliography. Cardella, Lorenzo. Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Stamperia Pagliarini, 1792, I, pt. 1, 145-146; Chacón, Alfonso. Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm ab initio nascentis Ecclesiæ vsque ad Vrbanvm VIII. Pont. Max. 2 volumes. Romae : Typis Vaticanis, 1677, I, col. 817, no. 1; Cristofori, Francesco. Cronotasi dei cardinali di Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Tipografia de Propaganda Fide, 1888, p. 26; "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIè siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1927. Paris : Maison de la Bonne Presse, 1928, p. 141, no. 7; Hüls, Rudolf. Kardinäle, Klerus und Kirchen Roms: 1049-1130. 1 aufl. Tübingen: Max Niemeyer, 1977. (Bibliothek des Deutschen Historischen Instituts in Rom: Bd. 48), p. 139, no. 3; Klewitz, Hans-Walter. Reformpapsttum und Kardinalkolleg. Die Entstehung des Kardinalkollegiums. Studien über die Wiederherstellung der römischen Kirche in Süditalien durch das Reformpapsttum. Das Ende des Reformpapsttums. Darmstadt : Hermann Gentner Verlag, 1957, p. 118, no. 17; Mas Latrie, Louis. Trésor de chronologie d'histoire et de géographie pour l'étude et l'emploi des documents du moyen âge. Paris : Librairie Victor Palmé, 1889, col. 1179, no. 1; Regesta pontificum Romanorum ab conditio Ecclesia. Ad annum post Christum natum MCXCVIII. Graz : Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt, 1956. 2 v. Reprint. Originally published : Lipsiae : Veit et comp., 1885-1888. Original t.p. included : Regesta pontificum Romanorum ab condita ecclesia : ad annum post Christum natum MCXCVIII. Editionem secundam correctam et auctam edidit Philippus Jaffè ; auspiciis Gulielmi Wattenbach; curaverunt S. Loewenfeld, F. Kaltenbrunner, P. Ewald, I, 566.
Webgraphy. Bigraphy, in Italian, diocese of Frascati.
(1) This is according to "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIè siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1927, p. 141, no. 7. Cardella, Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Stamperia Pagliarini, 1792, I, pt. 1, 145, says that he was created cardinal in 1070. Cristofori, Cronotasi dei cardinali di Santa Romana Chiesa, p. 26, says that he was promoted to the cardinalate in 1071. His biography in Italian, linked above, says that he was promoted in 1063.
(18) 3. MILHAU, O.S.B., Bernard de (ca. 1045-1079)
Birth. Ca. 1045, Provence, France. Son of Richard II, viscount of Millau, and Rixinde de Narbonne. Brother of Cardinal Richard Milhau (1065). The family had at least seven siblings. He is also listed as Bernard de Carlat and as Bernardo de' Riccardi; his first name as Bernat; and his last name as Millau and as Milhaud.
Education. Entered the Order of Saint Benedict (Benedictines).
Early life. Ordained (no further information found). Elected 20th abbot of the monastery of Saint-Victor de Marseille in May 1065; occupied the post until 1079.
Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in a consistory celebrated in 1065 (1); his title is not known. Legate in Germany in 1076, together with Cardinal Bernardo di Pavia, for the removal of Emperor Heinrich IV; the partisans of the emperor took them prisoner in 1077; after he was freed, he was sent as legate to Spain. He was praised in the letters of Pope Gregory VII.
Death. 1079, (no place found). Buried (no information found).
Bibliography. Cardella, Lorenzo. Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Stamperia Pagliarini, 1792, I, pt. 1, 153-154; Chacón, Alfonso. Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm ab initio nascentis Ecclesiæ vsque ad Vrbanvm VIII. Pont. Max. 2 volumes. Romae : Typis Vaticanis, 1677, I, col. , no. ; Cristofori, Francesco. Cronotasi dei cardinali di Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Tipografia de Propaganda Fide, 1888, p. ; Du Chesne, François. Histoire de tous les cardinaux françois : de naissance, ou qui ont esté promeus au cardinalat par l'expresse recommandation de nos roys, pour les grands services qu'ils ont rendus a leur estat, et a leur couronne. Comprenant commairement leurs legations, ambassades & voyages par eux faits en divers pays & royaumes, vers les papes, empereurs, roys, potentats, republiques, communautex & universitez, pour affaires importantes à l'église universelle, & à l'auguste majesté de nos souuerains. Enrichie de leurs armes et de leurs portraits. Divisée en deux tomes, et justifiée par tiltres et chartres du thresor de sa majesté, arrests des parlemens de France, registres des Chambres des comptes; donations, fondations, epitaphes, testamens, manuscripts, ancients monumens, chroniques & chartulaires d'abbayes, & autres histoires publiques & particlieres. 2 vols. A Paris : Aux despens de l'autheur, & se vendent chez luy ..., 1660, II, 39-41; "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIè siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1927. Paris : Maison de la Bonne Presse, 1928, p. ; Hüls, Rudolf. Kardinäle, Klerus und Kirchen Roms: 1049-1130. 1 aufl. Tübingen: Max Niemeyer, 1977. (Bibliothek des Deutschen Historischen Instituts in Rom: Bd. 48), p. , no. ; Klewitz, Hans-Walter. Reformpapsttum und Kardinalkolleg. Die Entstehung des Kardinalkollegiums. Studien über die Wiederherstellung der römischen Kirche in Süditalien durch das Reformpapsttum. Das Ende des Reformpapsttums. Darmstadt : Hermann Gentner Verlag, 1957, p. , no. ; Mas Latrie, Louis. Trésor de chronologie d'histoire et de géographie pour l'étude et l'emploi des documents du moyen âge. Paris : Librairie Victor Palmé, 1889, col. 1179, no. 13.
Webgraphy. His arms and biography, in French, p. 39-41, Gallica; biography, in French, Wikipédia.
(1) There are sources that ignore or dispute his promotion to the cardinalate.
(19) 5. ATENOLFO, O.S.B.Cas., Pietro (?-after 1069)
Birth. (No date found), Capua. He is also listed as Petrus, abt von S. Benedikt in Salerno; and as Petrus Adenulfi de Capuanis; and his last name is also listed as Atenulfi and as Cameano.
Education. Entered the Order of Saint Benedict (Benedictines) at the monastery of Montecassino in 1052.
Early life. Ordained (no further information found). Abbot of the monastery of S. Benedetto, Salerno, soon after November 1063 (1). In 1064, he was legate in Sardinia.
Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in a consistory celebrated in 1065; his title is not known. He was mentioned by Cardinal Pietro Damiano, O.S.B.Cam., in the letter issued in February-March 1069.
Death. He died on a February 23 of an unknown year after 1069. Buried (no information found).
Bibliography. "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIè siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1927. Paris : Maison de la Bonne Presse, 1928, p. 143, no. 23; Ganzer, Klaus. Die entwicklung des auswärtigen kardinalats im hohen mittelater ; ein beitrag zur geschichte des kardinalkollegiums vom 11. bis 13. jahrhundert. Tügingen : Niemeyer, 1963. (Bibliotek des Deutschen Historischen Instituts in Rome, band XXVI), p. 36-37 no. 7; Hüls, Rudolf. Kardinäle, Klerus und Kirchen Roms: 1049-1130. 1 aufl. Tübingen: Max Niemeyer, 1977. (Bibliothek des Deutschen Historischen Instituts in Rom: Bd. 48), p. 3637, no. 7.
(1) This is according to Hüls, Kardinäle, Klerus und Kirchen Roms: 1049-1130, p. 216, no. 7. Ganzer, Die entwicklung des auswärtigen kardinalats im hohen mittelater ; ein beitrag zur geschichte des kardinalkollegiums vom 11. bis 13. jahrhundert, p. 36, no. 7, says that he was named abbot in ca. 1067; and that he was created cardinal by Pope Gregory VII, which if it is correct, means that the earliest that he could have died is on February 23, 1074.
(20) 6. OTTAVIANO (?-?)
Birth. (No date found), Rome. He is also listed as Octavien.
Education. (No information found).
Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in a consistory celebrated in 1065 (1); his title is not known.
Death. (No date or place found). Buried (no information found).
Bibliography. Cardella, Lorenzo. Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Stamperia Pagliarini, 1792, I, pt. 1, 161; Chacón, Alfonso. Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm ab initio nascentis Ecclesiæ vsque ad Vrbanvm VIII. Pont. Max. 2 volumes. Romae : Typis Vaticanis, 1677, I, col. 843-844, no. XXI; "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIè siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1927. Paris : Maison de la Bonne Presse, 1928, p. 143, no. 24; Mas Latrie, Louis. Trésor de chronologie d'histoire et de géographie pour l'étude et l'emploi des documents du moyen âge. Paris : Librairie Victor Palmé, 1889, col. 1179, no. 21.
(1) "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIè siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1927, p. 143, no. 24, says that he should not be confused with a pseudocardinal of the same name who attended the Roman conciliabulum convoked by Antipope Clement III on August 7, 1098.
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