(41) 1. CINZIO (?-after 1112 or in 1116)

Birth. (No date or place found). He is also listed as Continus; as Cenzio; as Cincius; and as Cencius.

Education. (No information found).

Cardinalate. Created cardinal bishop of Sabina in a consistory celebrated in 1106. Consecrated (no information found). Attended the Synod of Letran in 1112 (1).

Death. After 1112 or in 1116 (no place found). Buried (no information found).

Bibliography. Cardella, Lorenzo. Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Stamperia Pagliarini, 1792, I, pt. 1, 208-209; Chacón, Alfonso. Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm ab initio nascentis Ecclesiæ vsque ad Vrbanvm VIII. Pont. Max. 2 volumes. Romae : Typis Vaticanis, 1677, I, col. 910; Cristofori, Francesco. Cronotasi dei cardinali di Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Tipografia de Propaganda Fide, 1888, p. 33; "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIIè siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1928. Paris : Maison de la Bonne Presse, 1928, p. 112, no. 6; Mas Latrie, Louis. Trésor de chronologie d'histoire et de géographie pour l'étude et l'emploi des documents du moyen âge. Paris : Librairie Victor Palmé, 1889, col. 1181, no. 2.

(1) Chacón, Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm, I, col. 910, who calls him Continus, erroneously says that he participated in the papal election of 1118, in which Pope Gelasius II was elected, confusing him with his successor in that see, Cardinal Crescenzio de' Crescenti (1116).

(42) 2. VINCENZO (?-before 1116)

Birth. (No date or place found).

Education. (No information found).

Cardinalate. Created cardinal bishop of Porto in a consistory celebrated in 1106. Consecrated (no information found).

Death. Before 1116 (1), (no place found). Buried (no information found).

Bibliography. Cardella, Lorenzo. Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Stamperia Pagliarini, 1792, I, pt. 1, 210; Chacón, Alfonso. Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm ab initio nascentis Ecclesiæ vsque ad Vrbanvm VIII. Pont. Max. 2 volumes. Romae : Typis Vaticanis, 1677, I, col. 910; Cristofori, Francesco. Cronotasi dei cardinali di Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Tipografia de Propaganda Fide, 1888, p. 10; "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIIè siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1928. Paris : Maison de la Bonne Presse, 1928, p. 112, no. 7; Mas Latrie, Louis. Trésor de chronologie d'histoire et de géographie pour l'étude et l'emploi des documents du moyen âge. Paris : Librairie Victor Palmé, 1889, col. 1181, no. 6.

(1) This is according to "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIIè siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1928, p. 112, no. 7. Chacón, Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm, I, col. 910, says that he was also in captivity with Pope Paschal II, prisoner of Emperor Heinrich V, in Sutri, from February to April 1111. Cardella, Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Stamperia Pagliarini, 1792, I, pt. 1, 211; Cristofori, Cronotasi dei cardinali di Santa Romana Chiesa, p. 10; and Mas Latrie Trésor de chronologie d'histoire et de géographie, col. 1181, no. 6, say that he died in 1106.

(43) 3. GEZO (?-ca. 1112)

Birth. (No date or place found).

Education. (No information found).

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest of S. Susanna in a consistory celebrated in 1106 (1).

Death. Ca. 1112, (no place found). Buried (no information found).

Bibliography. Cristofori, Francesco. Cronotasi dei cardinali di Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Tipografia de Propaganda Fide, 1888, p. 135; "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIIè siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1928. Paris : Maison de la Bonne Presse, 1928, p. 114, no. 38.

(1) This is according to "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIIè siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1928, p. 114, no. 38, which indicates that he may have been created cardinal in 1099.

(44) 4. ERRICO (?-ca. 1112)

Birth. (No date or place found). He is also listed as Enrico.

Education. (No information found).

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest of S. Maria in Trastevere in a consistory celebrated in 1106.

Death. Ca. 1112, (no place found). Buried (no information found).

Bibliography. Cardella, Lorenzo. Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Stamperia Pagliarini, 1792, I, pt. 1, 251; Cristofori, Francesco. Cronotasi dei cardinali di Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Tipografia de Propaganda Fide, 1888, p. 54; "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIIè siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1928. Paris : Maison de la Bonne Presse, 1928, p. 114, no. 39; Mas Latrie, Louis. Trésor de chronologie d'histoire et de géographie pour l'étude et l'emploi des documents du moyen âge. Paris : Librairie Victor Palmé, 1889, col. 1182, no. 78.

(45) 5. SANSEVERINO, O.S.B.Cas., Roscemanno (?-1128)

Cardinalate. Created cardinal deacon of S. Giorgio in Velabro in a consistory celebrated in 1106 (1). Attended the Council of Guastalla in 1106. Subscribed papal bulls issued between December 21 and December 22, 1116. Participated in the papal election of 1118, in which Pope Gelasius II was elected. Subscribed papal bulls issued between and April 9 and 12, 1118. He accompanied the new pope to the monastery of Cluny. Participated in the papal election of 1119, celebrated in Cluny, in which Pope Callistus II was elected. Subscribed papal bulls issued on April 6, 1123. Returned to Italy with the new pope in April 1120. Named rector (governor) of Benevento. Participated in the papal election of 1124, in which Pope Honorius II was elected. Subscribed papal bulls issued between April 2, 1125 and September 4, 1128.

Death. Shortly after September 4, 1128, (no place found). Buried (no information found).

Bibliography. Cardella, Lorenzo. Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Stamperia Pagliarini, 1792, I, pt. 1, 238; Chacón, Alfonso. Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm ab initio nascentis Ecclesiæ vsque ad Vrbanvm VIII. Pont. Max. 2 volumes. Romae : Typis Vaticanis, 1677, I, col. 922-923; Cristofori, Francesco. Cronotasi dei cardinali di Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Tipografia de Propaganda Fide, 1888, p. ; "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIIè siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1928. Paris : Maison de la Bonne Presse, 1928, p. 118, no. 79; Mas Latrie, Louis. Trésor de chronologie d'histoire et de géographie pour l'étude et l'emploi des documents du moyen âge. Paris : Librairie Victor Palmé, 1889, col. 1182, no. 56; Regesta pontificum Romanorum ab conditio Ecclesia. Ad annum post Christum natum MCXCVIII. Graz : Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt, 1956. 2 v. Reprint. Originally published : Lipsiae : Veit et comp., 1885-1888. Original t.p. included : Regesta pontificum Romanorum ab condita ecclesia : ad annum post Christum natum MCXCVIII. Editionem secundam correctam et auctam edidit Philippus Jaffè ; auspiciis Gulielmi Wattenbach; curaverunt S. Loewenfeld, F. Kaltenbrunner, P. Ewald, II, 702, 775, 781 and 823.

(1) This is according to "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIIè siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1928, p. 118, no. 79. Cristofori, Cronotasi dei cardinali di Santa Romana Chiesa, p. 241, says that he was created cardinal in 1099.

(46) 6. PIERLEONI, O.S.B.Clun., Pietro (ca. 1090-1138)

Birth. Ca. 1090, Rome. From a Jewish family converted to Christianity, he was great-grandson of the rich and influential Baruch Benedict (Benedetto Cristiano). Second son of Roman Consul Pier Leoni. Uncle of Cardinal Ugo Pierleoni, Can. Reg. of St. Victor (1164). Grand-uncle of Cardinal Ugo Pierleoni, Can. Reg. of St. Victor (1171).

Education. Studied in Paris, where he became a friend of Prince Louis, later King Louis VI le Gros of France. Entered the Order of Saint Benedict (Benedictines) at the monastery of Cluny.

Early life. He was called to Rome by Pope Paschal II and worked at the curia for some time before his promotion to the cardinalate.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal deacon of Ss. Cosma e Damiano in a consistory celebrated in 1106 (1). Subscribed papal bulls issued between March 24, 1116 and April 20, 1117. Participated in the papal election of 1118, in which Pope Gelasius II was elected. Subscribed papal bulls issued between September 13 and 26, 1118. He accompanied the pope from Rome to Pisa in July 1118; and then to Cluny, where he stayed for a few months; the pope died there in January 1119. Participated in the papal election of 1119, celebrated in Cluny, in which Pope Callistus II was elected by six cardinals. Subscribed papal bulls issued between June 18, 1119 and May 21, 1120. He remained in France with the new pope for a few months. Opted for the order of cardinal priests and the title of S. Maria in Trastevere in December 1120 (2). At the end of 1120, he was named legate in France, together with Cardinal Gregorio Papareschi, deacon of S. Angelo in Pescheria; from France, he traveled to England, Scotland, Ireland and the Orkney Islands, as papal legate; King Henry I sent two English bishops to Rome to complain about the legate's rapasciousness. From England, he returned to Rome and in the fall of 1123, he was sent again as legate to France with Cardinal Papareschi to try to remedy the defficiencises of the French church; he traveled throughout most of the country; the legates met Abbot Étienne de Muret at the abbey of Grandmont, Limoges; and also Norbert de Magdeburg, in Noyon, who obtained the approval of the rule of his canons, later knwon as Premostratenses; he celebrated a synod in Chartres on March 12, 1124; and another one in Beauvais a few months lateri; he often visited Bernard de Clairvaux, future saint; returned to Italy in the spring of 1125. Did not participate in the papal election of 1124, in which Pope Honorius II was elected, because he was in his legation in France; as a cardinal, the new pope had been hostile to Cardinal Pierleoni; and as a pontiff, kept him aside; because of this difficult and dangerous situation, the cardinal started preparing the terrain for a future papal election of someone who would not be hostile to him; he led a large group of cardinals who were more interested in the local Roman needs than in the supernational and universalist interests of the papacy. At the death of Pope Honorius II on February 14, 1130, he proposed his candidature to the papacy, and with the support of a majority of cardinals, the Roman nobles and people, he made himself be elected in the church of S. Marco; a few hours earlier, a smaller group of cardinals, let by Cardinal Aymery de la Châtre, chancellor of the Holy Roman Church, had elected Cardinal Gregorio Papareschi, seniore, deacon of S. Angelo in Pescheria, as Pope Innocent II, in the monastery of Ss. Andrea e Gregorio al Celio.

Antipapacy. Elected antipope on February 14, 1130. Took the name Anacletus II. He was consecrated in the patriarchal Vatican basilica on February 23, 1130, by Cardinal Pietro, seniore, bishop of Porto. Excommunicated by Pope Innocent II on March 2, 1130. He created seven pseudocardinals in two consistories. The schism lasted until 1138.

Death. January 25, 1138, Rome. Buried in the patriarchal Lateran basilica, Rome; or in Benevento (?) (3).

Bibliography. Brixius, Johannes Matthias. Die Mitglieder des Kardinalkollegiums von 1130-1181. Berlin : R. Trenkel, 1912, p. 38, no. 32; Cardella, Lorenzo. Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Stamperia Pagliarini, 1792, I, pt. 1, 235-237; Chacón, Alfonso. Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm ab initio nascentis Ecclesiæ vsque ad Vrbanvm VIII. Pont. Max. 2 volumes. Romae : Typis Vaticanis, 1677, I, col. 922; Cristofori, Francesco. Cronotasi dei cardinali di Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Tipografia de Propaganda Fide, 1888, p. 54 and 238; Del Re, Niccolò. "Anacleto II, antipapa." Mondo vaticano. Passato e presente. Città del Vaticano : Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 1995, p. 55-56; "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIIè siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1928. Paris : Maison de la Bonne Presse, 1928, p. 118, no. 80; Kelly, John Norman Davidson. The Oxford Dictionary of Popes. Oxford ; New York : Oxford University Press, 1986, p. 169-170; Manselli, Raoul. "Anacleto II, antipapa."Enciclopedia dei papi. 3 vols. Roma : Istituto della Enciclopedia italiana, 2000, II, 268-270; Mas Latrie, Louis. Trésor de chronologie d'histoire et de géographie pour l'étude et l'emploi des documents du moyen âge. Paris : Librairie Victor Palmé, 1889, col. 1182, no. 54; Reardon, Wendy J. The deaths of the popes : comprehensive accounts, including funerals, burial places and epitaphs. Jefferson, N.C. : McFarland & Co., Publishers, 2004. Contents: Alphabetical list of popes -- Papal death, burial, and reburial chart -- Existing papal monuments, tombs, and other funerary objects, listed by location -- Papal tombs during the reconstruction of St. Peter's -- Old St. Peter's tomb map -- Papal organ burial in the Church of SS. Vincenzo e Anastasio -- The apostolic constitution (Universii Domini Gregis) -- The legend of Pope Joan -- The cemetery of Callixtus : the crypt of the popes; Regesta pontificum Romanorum ab conditio Ecclesia. Ad annum post Christum natum MCXCVIII. Graz : Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt, 1956. 2 v. Reprint. Originally published : Lipsiae : Veit et comp., 1885-1888. Original t.p. included : Regesta pontificum Romanorum ab condita ecclesia : ad annum post Christum natum MCXCVIII. Editionem secundam correctam et auctam edidit Philippus Jaffè ; auspiciis Gulielmi Wattenbach; curaverunt S. Loewenfeld, F. Kaltenbrunner, P. Ewald, I, 702, 775 and 781.

Webgraphy. biography by Raoul Manselli, in Italian, Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani - Volume 3 (1961), Treccani; biography by James Loughlin, in English, The Catholic Encyclopedia; biography, in English, Ecyclopaedia Britannica; biography by H. G. Enelow, in English, Jewish Encyclopedia; biography, in Italian, Wikipedia; biography, in English, Wikipedia.

(1) This is according to "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIIè siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1928, p. 118, no. 80. Kelly, The Oxford Dictionary of Popes, p. 169, says that he was created cardinal in 1111 or 1112; Manselli,"Anacleto II, antipapa."Enciclopedia dei papi, p. 268, says that he was created cardinal in the last months of 1115 or the first ones of 1116.
(2) This is according to "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIIè siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1928, p. 118, no. 80; Kelly, The Oxford Dictionary of Popes, p. 169; and Manselli,"Anacleto II, antipapa." Enciclopedia dei papi, p. 268. Cristofori, Cronotasi dei cardinali di Santa Romana Chiesa, p. 54, says that he opted for the title of S. Maria in Trastevere in 1130.
(3) This is according to Reardon, The deaths of the popes : comprehensive accounts, including funerals, burial places and epitaphs, p. 92, indicates that he was buried in the church of S. Maria in Trastevere, Rome, his title.

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