(18) 1. PARIS, O.S.B.Clun., Gilles de (?-1139)

Cardinalate. Created cardinal bishop of Frascati in the consistory of December 1121. Consecrated (no information found). Subscribed papal bulls issued between December 28, 1121 and April 6, 1123. At the behest of the Abbot of Pontius Cluny, future cardinal, he wrote Vie de Saint-Hugues, which he dedicated to the abbot; and he also wrote Epistola ad Bernardum. Participated in the papal election of 1124, in which Pope Honorius II was elected. He was in Cluny in 1125. Subscribed papal bulls issued between March 7, 1125 and April 10, 1129. Legate in Hungary and Poland, sometime between April 6, 1123 and March 7, 1125; in Poland he reorganized the ecclesiastical province of Gniezno by establishing two additional suffragan bishoprics, Kujawy and Lebus. Legate in Syria in 1129 to put an end to the long strife concerning the ecclesiastical province of Tyre, which was claimed by both the patriarch of Antioch and the one of Jerusalem. Participated in the election of Antipope Anacletus II in February 1130 and was deposed by Pope Innocent II. Legate of the antipope in France with residence in Poitiers. Returned to the obedience of the legitimate pope and was restored to his cardinalitial dignity on the octave of Pentecost 1138 (1). Subscribed papal bulls issued between June 21, 1138 and March 1, 1139.

Death. Shortly after March 1, 1139, Rome. Buried (no information found).

Bibliography. Brixius, Johannes Matthias. Die Mitglieder des Kardinalkollegiums von 1130-1181. Berlin : R. Trenkel, 1912, p. 31, no. 1; Cardella, Lorenzo. Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Stamperia Pagliarini, 1792, I, pt. 1, 262-263; Chacón, Alfonso. Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm ab initio nascentis Ecclesiæ vsque ad Vrbanvm VIII. Pont. Max. 2 volumes. Romae : Typis Vaticanis, 1677, I, col. 951-92; Du Chesne, François. Histoire de tous les cardinaux françois : de naissance, ou qui ont esté promeus au cardinalat par l'expresse recommandation de nos roys, pour les grands services qu'ils ont rendus a leur estat, et a leur couronne. Comprenant commairement leurs legations, ambassades & voyages par eux faits en divers pays & royaumes, vers les papes, empereurs, roys, potentats, republiques, communautex & universitez, pour affaires importantes à l'église universelle, & à l'auguste majesté de nos souuerains. Enrichie de leurs armes et de leurs portraits. Divisée en deux tomes, et justifiée par tiltres et chartres du thresor de sa majesté, arrests des parlemens de France, registres des Chambres des comptes; donations, fondations, epitaphes, testamens, manuscripts, ancients monumens, chroniques & chartulaires d'abbayes, & autres histoires publiques & particlieres. 2 vols. A Paris : Aux despens de l'autheur, & se vendent chez luy ..., 1660, I, 98-99; "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIIè siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1928. Paris : Maison de la Bonne Presse, 1928, p. 120; Gilo, of Paris ; Grocock, Christopher Wallace ; Siberry, Elizabeth. The Historia vie Hierosolimitane. Uniform title: De via Hierosolymitana. English. Oxford : Clarendon Press ; New York : Oxford University Press, 1997. Critical ed. and English translation / by C.W. Grocock. (Oxford medieval texts); Regesta pontificum Romanorum ab conditio Ecclesia. Ad annum post Christum natum MCXCVIII. Graz : Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt, 1956. 2 v. Reprint. Originally published : Lipsiae : Veit et comp., 1885-1888. Original t.p. included : Regesta pontificum Romanorum ab condita ecclesia : ad annum post Christum natum MCXCVIII. Editionem secundam correctam et auctam edidit Philippus Jaffè ; auspiciis Gulielmi Wattenbach; curaverunt S. Loewenfeld, F. Kaltenbrunner, P. Ewald, I, 780, 823 and 841.

Webgraphy. Biography, in Italian, Diocesi Suburbicaria Tuscolana; biography in Histoire de tous les cardinaux françois de naissance, ou qui ont esté promeus au cardinalat. [Volume 1] / by François Duchesne (1616-1693). Auteur du texte, in French, p. 98-99, Gallica; brief biographical entry, in Spanish, Laenciclopedia.com; biographical entry, in Russian, dic.academic.ru; biography, in Latin, p. 59; biographical and literary information, in English, Google books; Christianization and the Rise of Christian Monarchy - Poland.

(1) The Historia Vie Hierosolimitane of Gilo of Paris, xxii, says although he appears as a subscriber in papal documents between 1138 and 1139, at the Second Lateran Council in 1139, Pope Innocent II denounced him among the followers of Antipope Anacletus II.

(19) 2. ROBERTO (?-1123 or 1127)

Birth. (No date or place found).

Education. (No information found).

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest of S. Eusebio in the consistory of December 1121. Subscribed papal bulls issued between December 28, 1121 and April 6, 1123.

Death. Shortly after April 6, 1123 or before 1127, (no place found). Buried (no information found).

Bibliography. Cardella, Lorenzo. Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Stamperia Pagliarini, 1792, I, pt. 1, 267; Chacón, Alfonso. Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm ab initio nascentis Ecclesiæ vsque ad Vrbanvm VIII. Pont. Max. 2 volumes. Romae : Typis Vaticanis, 1677, I, col. 954; "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIIè siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1928. Paris : Maison de la Bonne Presse, 1928, p. 120; Regesta pontificum Romanorum ab conditio Ecclesia. Ad annum post Christum natum MCXCVIII. Graz : Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt, 1956. 2 v. Reprint. Originally published : Lipsiae : Veit et comp., 1885-1888. Original t.p. included : Regesta pontificum Romanorum ab condita ecclesia : ad annum post Christum natum MCXCVIII. Editionem secundam correctam et auctam edidit Philippus Jaffè ; auspiciis Gulielmi Wattenbach; curaverunt S. Loewenfeld, F. Kaltenbrunner, P. Ewald, I, 781.

(20) 3. PIETRO (?-1122)