The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church - Biographical Dictionary

The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church

Biographical Dictionary
[Antipope] Victor IV (1159-1164)
Pseudocardinal bishops

(1) 1. GIOVANNI (?-?)

Birth. (No date or place found).

Education. (No information found).

Episcopate. Bishop of Bologna or Bitonto (1).

Cardinalate. Created pseudocardinal bishop. Subscribed papal bulls issued between October and November 1159.

Death. (No date or place found). Buried (no information found).

Bibliography. "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIIè siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1928. Paris : Maison de la Bonne Presse, 1928, p. 149; Regesta pontificum Romanorum ab conditio Ecclesia. Ad annum post Christum natum MCXCVIII. Graz : Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt, 1956. 2 v. Reprint. Originally published : Lipsiae : Veit et comp., 1885-1888. Original t.p. included : Regesta pontificum Romanorum ab condita ecclesia : ad annum post Christum natum MCXCVIII. Editionem secundam correctam et auctam edidit Philippus Jaffè ; auspiciis Gulielmi Wattenbach; curaverunt S. Loewenfeld, F. Kaltenbrunner, P. Ewald, II, 418.

(1) He probably was an intruding bishop because his name does not appear in any of the episcopologies consulted.

(2) 2. UBALDO (?-?)

Birth. (No date or place found).

Education. (No information found).

Episcopate. Bishop of Ferentino after 1148; he was replaced in his see in 1160. He was one of the consecrators of Antipope Victor IV on October 4, 1150.

Cardinalate. Created pseudocardinal bishop. Subscribed papal bulls issued between February 19, 1160 and September 11, 1162.

Death. (No date or place found). Buried (no information found).

(3) 3. RICCARDO (?-before 1179)

Birth. (No date or place found).

Education. (No information found).

Episcopate. Bishop of Melfi after 1155.

Cardinalate. Created pseudocardinal bishop. He was one of the consecrators of Antipope Victor IV on October 4, 1159. Subscribed papal bulls issued between October-November 1159 and March 2, 1160.

Death. Before 1179, (no place found). Buried (no information found).

(4) 4. TEODORICO (?-?)

Birth. (No date or place found).

Education. (No information found).

Cardinalate. Created pseudocardinal bishop of Segni; he was an intruding bishop from 1138 until 1178 or 1179. Subscribed a bull in 1163; and the ones issued on April 14 and 18, 1164. Participated in the election of Antipope Paschal III on April 22, 1164.

Death. (No date or place found). Buried (no information found).

(5) 5. TEOBALDO (?-1162)

Birth. (No date or place found).

Education. (No information found).

Cardinalate. Created pseudocardinal bishop of Frascati in 1162; he was an intruding bishop. Subscribed papal bulls issued between September 11 and October 27, 1162.

Death. Shortly after October 27, 1162, (no place found). Buried (no information found).

(6) 6. LIVIDO (?-?)

Birth. (No date or place found). He is also listed as Lindo and as Liudo.

Education. (No information found).

Cardinalate. Created pseudocardinal bishop of Sabina; he was an intruding bishop. Subscribed bulls issued by Antipope Victor IV in 1163; and on April 14 and 18, 1164. Participated in the election of Antipope Paschal III on April 22, 1164.

Death. (No date or place found). Buried (no information found).

(7) 7. STRUMA, O.S.B.Vall., János (?-between 1180 and 1184)

Birth. (No date found), Sirmium, Hungary (now Srémska Mitrovica, Voivodina, Serbia).

Education. Entered, at a young age, the Congregation Vallombrosan of the Order of Saint Benedict (Benedictines), at the monastery of Struma (or Strumi), valley of the Arno, near Arezzo.

Priesthood. Ordained (no further information found). Abbot of the monastery of Struma (or Sturma).

Cardinalate. Created pseudocardinal bishop of Albano in 1163 (1); he was an intruding bishop. Subscribed the bulls issued on April 14 and 18, 1164. Participated in the election of Antipope Paschal III on April 22, 1164. Subscribed the bulls issued between April 13, 1166 and February 26, 1168.

Antipapacy. Elected antipope on November 20, 1168. Took the name Callistus III. Created eleven pseudocardinals. After the Treaty of Venice on August 1, 1177 between Pope Alexander III and Emperor Friedrich I Barbarossa, the antipope went to Frascati to make his submission to the pope on August 29, 1178; the pope invited him to his table and named him rector (governor) of Benevento.

Death. Between 1180 and 1184, Benevento. Buried in Benevento.

Bibliography. Brixius, Johannes Matthias. Die Mitglieder des Kardinalkollegiums von 1130-1181. Berlin : R. Trenkel, 1912, p. 68-69, no. 1; Del Re, Niccolò. "Callisto III, antipapa." Mondo vaticano. Passato e presente. Città del Vaticano : Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 1995, p. 607-608; "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIIè siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1928. Paris : Maison de la Bonne Presse, 1928, p. 150; Holtzmann, Walter. Regesta pontificum Romanorum. Italia pontifica. Volumen IX: Samnium, Apulia, Lucania, Berlin 1962, p. 43 no. 110-111; Kelly, John Norman Davidson. The Oxford Dictionary of Popes. Oxford ; New York : Oxford University Press, 1986, p. 180; "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIIè siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1928. Paris : Maison de la Bonne Presse, 1928, p. 150; Gams, Pius Bonifatius. Series episcoporum Ecclesiae catholicae. 3 v. in 1. Graz : Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt, 1957, p. XXII; Jordan, Karl. "Callisto III, antipapa." Enciclopedia dei papi. 3 vols. Roma : Istituto della Enciclopedia italiana, 2000, II. 305; Regesta pontificum Romanorum ab conditio Ecclesia. Ad annum post Christum natum MCXCVIII. Graz : Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt, 1956. 2 v. Reprint. Originally published : Lipsiae : Veit et comp., 1885-1888. Original t.p. included : Regesta pontificum Romanorum ab condita ecclesia : ad annum post Christum natum MCXCVIII. Editionem secundam correctam et auctam edidit Philippus Jaffè ; auspiciis Gulielmi Wattenbach; curaverunt S. Loewenfeld, F. Kaltenbrunner, P. Ewald, II, 426.

Webgraphy. Biography by Karl Jordan, in Italian, Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani - Volume 16 (1973), Treccani; biography, in English, Encyclopaedia Britannica; biographical entry, in English, Wikipedia; biography, in Hungarian, under "Callistus, III", Magyar Katolikus Lexikon.

(1) This is according to "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIIè siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1928, p. 150; Francesco Cristofori, Cronotasi dei cardinali di Santa Romana Chiesa (Rome : Tipografia de Propaganda Fide, 1888), p. 71. Gaetano Moroni, Dizionario di erudizione storico-ecclesiastica da S. Pietro sino ai nostri giorni (103 vols. in 53. Venezia : Tipografia Emiliana, 1840-1861), say that he was created pseudocardinal priest of Ss. Silvestro e Martino ai monti in 1163.