The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church

Biographical Dictionary
Eugenius IV (1431-1447)
Consistory of September 19, 1431 (I)


(1) 1. CONDULMER, Francesco (ca. 1410-1453)

Birth. Ca. 1410, Venice. Son of Simone Condulmer. Nephew of Pope Eugenius IV. Grand-nephew of Pope Gregory XII. His first name is also listed as Giovanni Francesco. He was called the Cardinal of Venice.

Education. (No information found).

Early life. Protonotary apostolic. Vice-camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church.

Sacred orders. (No information found).

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of September 19, 1431 with the title of S. Clemente.

Episcopate. Administrator of the see of Narbonne in 1433; occupied the post until November 5, 1436. An insurrection that established a temporary republic in Rome forced Pope Eugenius IV to seek refuge in Florence in May 1434; during the revolt, Francesco was arrested on May 29, 1434 but only for a short time; the city was returned to papal control the following October by the heavyhanded actions of Giovanni Vitelleschi, future cardinal. Administrator of the see of Amiens, November 5, 1436; occupied the post until March 27, 1437. Elected archbishop of Besançon, March 27, 1437. Consecrated (no information found). Transferred to the see of Verona, October 20, 1438; he founded the school of acolytes and introduced the Order of the Friars Minor Observants; occupied the see until his death. Named titular patriarch of Constantinople, October 31, 1438. Camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church from January 24, 1432 until 1439. Vice-chancellor of the Holy Roman Church, 1437 until his death. Papal legate in several occasions; most notably, to Constantinople to prepare the union with the Greeks before the Council of Florence of 1438; and later, to Venice from January 22 to March 10, 1440. He was in Rome on October 24, 1442. Named legate in Marche Anconitana on May 31, 1443; he left from Siena on the following June 10. He was at the head of the papal fleet against the Turks in 1444. Opted for the order of cardinal bishops and the suburbicarian see of Porto e Santa Rufina, April 1445. Legate before the Turks a second time; returned to Rome from his legation on February 15, 1446. Participated in the conclave of 1447, which elected Pope Nicholas V. Sent by the new Pope Nicholas V in March 1447 before the king of Naples. In April 1449, he went to the baths of Pouzzoles; joined Pope Nicholas V in Spoleto the following June 14. He had a palace built in the ruins of the theater of Pompeo, near Campo di Fiori. On July 28, 1452, the diocese of S. Rufina was separated from Porto; united again to Porto after the cardinal's death. He continued as bishop of Porto only.

Death. October 30, 1453, Rome. Buried in the patriarchal Vatican basilica.

Bibliography. Cardella, Lorenzo. Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Stamperia Pagliarini, 1793, III, 61-63; Chacón, Alfonso. Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm ab initio nascentis Ecclesiæ vsque ad Vrbanvm VIII. Pont. Max. 4 volumes. Romae : Typis Vaticanis, 1677, II, col. 894-895; "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. VII. Les cardinaux de la fin du XVe siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1932. Paris : Maison de la Bonne Presse, 1932, p. ; Eubel, Conradus and Gulik, Guglielmus van. Hierarchia Catholica Medii Aevi. Volumen II (1431-1503). Münich : Sumptibus et Typis Librariae Regensbergianae, 1914; reprint, Padua : Il Messagero di S. Antonio, 1960, pp. 7, 26, 27, 29, 31, 60, 62, 86, 106, 199 and 265; Weber, Christoph and Becker, Michael. Genealogien zur Papstgeschichte. 6 v. Stuttgart : Anton Hiersemann, 1999-2002. (Päpste und Papsttum, Bd. 29, 1-6), II, 293.

Webgraphy. His arms, Araldica Vaticana.

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(2) 2. FOSCO, Angelotto (1378-1444)

Birth. 1378, Rome. Of a modest family. His last name is also listed as Foschi; as Fusco; and as de Fuschis. He was called the Cardinal of S. Marco.

Education. "... uomo di insigne letterature ..." (1).

Early life. Canon of the patriarchal Lateran basilica , Rome. Chamberlain of Pope Martin V.

Sacred orders. (No information found).

Episcopate. Elected bishop of Anagni, February 4, 1418. Consecrated, November 20, 1418, Mantua, by Pope Martin V. Abbot commendatario of the monastery of S. Maria della Gloria, Florence, February 14, 1418. Transferred to the see of Cava, May 22, 1426; took possession, July 11, 1428. He was a friend of Cardinal Gabriel Condulmer, future Pope Eugenius IV.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of September 19, 1431 with the title of Marco. Papal legate in the Council of Basel, and later in the Council of Ferrara. Archpriest of the patriarchal Lateran basilica in 1437. Camerlengo of the Sacred College of Cardinals for the year 1437. He is noted in Rome on January 22, 1440 and October 24, 1441.

Death. September 12, 1444, in Rome, assassinated while he slept by Antonello della Rocca, the son of his maid nurse, whom he had raised in his house and who stole 1000,000 scudi. Buried in the church of S. Maria sopra Minerva; in 1676, his remains were transferred to the patriarchal Lateran basilica.

Bibliography. Cardella, Lorenzo. Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Stamperia Pagliarini, 1793, III, 63-65; Chacón, Alfonso. Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm ab initio nascentis Ecclesiæ vsque ad Vrbanvm VIII. Pont. Max. 4 volumes. Romae : Typis Vaticanis, 1677, II, col. 895; "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. VII. Les cardinaux de la fin du XVe siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1932. Paris : Maison de la Bonne Presse, 1932, p. 132; Eubel, Conradus and Gulik, Guglielmus van. Hierarchia Catholica Medii Aevi. Volumen I (1198-1431). Münich : Sumptibus et Typis Librariae Regensbergianae, 1913; reprint, Padua : Il Messagero di S. Antonio, 1960, pp. 87 and 179; Eubel, Conradus and Gulik, Guglielmus van. Hierarchia Catholica Medii Aevi. Volumen II (1431-1503). Münich : Sumptibus et Typis Librariae Regensbergianae, 1914; reprint, Padua : Il Messagero di S. Antonio, 1960, pp. 26, 27, 28, 63 and 124.

Webgraphy. Biography by Wolfgang Decker, in Italian, Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani - Volume 49 (1997), Treccani; his arms, Araldica Vaticana.

(1) Cardella, Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa, III, 63.

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