The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church

Biographical Dictionary
Pope Clement XIII (1758-1769)
Consistory of July 18, 1763 (V)


(36) 1. BUONACCORSI, Simone (1708-1776)

Birth. November 17, 1708, Macerata. Of a noble and wealthy family of the house of Montesanto. Fourth of the eighteen children of Count Raimondo Buonaccorsi and Francesca Bussi, from a noble Roman family. The other siblings were Lucrezia; Marianna; Bonacorso VII; Prospero, canon of the patriarchal Lateran basilica; Giuseppe, priest of S. Filippo Neri in Vallicella; two girls who died in infancy; six girls who became nuns in the convents of S. Caterina and Chiara in Macerata; three boys who became knights of Malta; and Giulio, who died at eleven. Grand-nephew of Cardinal Buonaccorso Bunaccorsi (1669). Grand-uncle of Cardinal Gaspare Bernardo Pianetti (1839). His first name is also listed as Simeone; and his last name as Bonaccorsi; and as Bonaccursius.

Education. Educated in Macerata by erudite ecclesiastical tutors, provided by his parents, who instructed him in the practice of Christian piety and human letters; later, he applied himself, under the direction of excellent experts, to the study of the major sciences; when he decided to take the clerical habit, he studied theology and canon law and his parents decided to send him to study in Rome.

Early life. Entered the Roman prelature as referendary of the Tribunal of the Apostolic Signature of Justice and of Grace, March 31, 1735. Vice-legate in Ferrara from April 1735 until December 1740; then, returned to Rome. Voter of the Supreme Tribunal of the Apostolic Signature of Grace. Governor of Ascoli, January 3, 1741 until 1742. Relator of the S.C. of the Sacred Consulta, 1742-1747. In 1746, he was appointed nuncio in Florence, but he could not exercise this mission because of rupture of diplomatic relations between the Grand Duchy of Tuscany and the Holy See, caused by the differences which had arisen following the decision of the grand ducal government to abolish the Inquisition and to ignore the energetic protests of the Holy Office. Cleric of the Apostolic Chamber, April 10, 1747. Named vicar of the patriarchal Vatican basilica by Cardinal Annibale Albani, archpriest of that basilica in May 1747. Prelate of the S.C. of Ecclesiastical Immunity in 1748. Superintendent of Collescipoli, 1751-1752. President della Zecca in 1752. President delle Strade, from 1753 to 1759. Secretary of the S.C. of Bishops and Regulars, September 1759.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of July 18, 1763; received the red hat on July 21, 1763; and the title of S. Giovanni a Porta Latina, August 22, 1763. Ascribed to the SS. CC. of Bishops and Regulars, Propaganda Fide, Ecclesiastical Immunity, Consistorial and Reverend Fabric of Saint Peter's. Protector of the Pontifical Collegio Greco; of the city of Macerata; of the city and community of Terracina; of the territory of Monte Lupone; of Monte Prandone; of the Capuchin nuns of Ssma. Concezione of Mantua; of the Confraternity of Ssmo. Sagramento of Macerata; and co-protector of the province della Marca. Pontifical commissary for the desiccation of the Pontine lagoons, November 23, 1763, succeeding the late Cardinal Baldassare Cenci.

Priesthood. Ordained, December 17, 1763. In the political and religious controversy around the Society of Jesus, he came to the defense of Jesuits and, in particular, he was the generous protector of Father Julius Caesar Cordara, Jesuit historian and litterateur. Participated in the conclave of 1769, which elected Pope Clement XIV; France presented the veto against the election of Cardinal Buonaccorsi. During the pontificate of Pope Clement XIV, Cardinal Buonaccorsi remained completely in the shadow. Abbot commendatario of S. Lucia de'Rosari, Bologna, October 1767. Abbot commendatario of S. Antimo, Sabina; and of Ss. Vincenzo ed Anastasio, Rome. Camerlengo of the Sacred College of Cardinals, January 27, 1772 until March 8, 1773. Prefect of the Economy of the S.C. of Propaganda Fide in 1774?. Participated in the conclave of 1774-1775, which elected Pope Pius VI. Succeeded Cardinal Pietro Girolamo Guglielmi as prefect of the S.C. of the Discipline of the Regulars in May 1775.

Death. April 27, 1776, at 4 p.m., of a high fever of unknown nature which lasted for a few days, after receiving the sacraments of the Church, in Rome. Exposed in the Picenan church of S. Maria de Loreto (Madonna detta de' Marchigiani), now church of S. Salvatore in Lauro, Rome, where his funeral was celebrated in the presence of the pope and the Sacred College of Cardinals on April 29; and buried in that same church, according to his will. He named his eldest nephew, Count Filippo Buonaccorsi, his universal heir.

Bibliography. Moroni, Gaetano. Dizionario di erudizione storico-ecclesiastica da S. Pietro sino ai nostri giorni. 103 vols. in 53. Venezia : Tipografia Emiliana, 1840-1861, V, 314; Notizie per l'anno MDCCLXXV. In Roma MDCCLXXV : Nella Stamperia Cracas, presso S. Marco al Corso, p. 101; Notizie per l'anno MDCCLXXIX. In Roma MDCCLXXIX : Nella Stamperia Cracas, presso S. Marco al Corso, p. 128; Ritzler, Remigium, and Pirminum Sefrin. Hierarchia Catholica Medii et Recientoris Aevi. Volumen VI (1730-1799). Patavii : Typis et Sumptibus Domus Editorialis "Il Messaggero di S. Antonio" apud Basilicam S. Antonii, 1968, pp. 23, 44 and 56; Seidler, Sabrina M.; Weber, Christoph. Päpste und Kardinäle in der Mitte des 18. Jahrhunderts (1730-1777) : das biographische Werk des Patriziers von Lucca Bartolomeo Antonio Talenti. Frankfurt am Main ; New York : Peter Lang, 2007. (Beiträge zur Kirchen- und Kulturgeschichte, Bd. 18), p. 645-646; Weber, Christoph and Becker, Michael. Genealogien zur Papstgeschichte. 6 v. Stuttgart : Anton Hiersemann, 1999-2002. (Päpste und Papsttum, Bd. 29, 1-6), I, 144; Weber, Christoph. Legati e governatori dello Stato Pontificio : 1550-1809. Roma : Ministero per i beni culturali e ambientali, Ufficio centrale per i beni archivistici, 1994. (Pubblicazioni degli archivi di Stato. Sussidi; 7) pp. 125, 254 and 507 Weber, Christoph. Die päpstlichen Referendare 1566-1809 : Chronologie und Prosopographie. 3 vols. Stuttgart : Anton Hiersemann, 2003-2004. (Päpste und Papsttum ; Bd. 31/1, 31/2, 31/3; Variation: Päpste und Papsttum ; Bd. 31), II, 461.

Webgraphy. Biography by Giuseppe Pignatelli, in Italian, Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani - Volume 11 (1969), Treccani; his engraving by Pietro Antonio Pazzi, Biblioteca comunale dell'Archiginnasio, Bologna; his engraving, Bildarchiv Austria. Die Bildplattform der Österreichischen Nationalbibliothek; his engraving, Bildarchiv Austria. Die Bildplattform der Österreichischen Nationalbibliothek; his engraving and portrait, Araldica Vaticana; his prosopography, in German, Requiem Datenbank; his tomb, Requiem Datenbank.

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(37) 2. NEGRONI, Andrea (1710-1789)

Birth. November 2, 1710, Rome. Eldest of the two children of Count Antonio Negroni, from Bergamo, and his wife, whose identity is not known. The other child was Stanislao, who inherited the title of count, acquired by the father in 1723. The Negroni family was added to the Roman patriciate in 1746. Grand-uncle of Cardinal Luigi Del Drago (1831). His last name is also listed as Nigronus.

Education. Studied in Rome.

Early life. Entered the Roman prelature. Relator of the S.C. of Good Government, June 1735-1742. Abbreviatore di parco maggiore in 1741; dean of their collegio, 1762-1763. Voter of the Tribunal of the Apostolic Signature of Justice, September 1743-1761. Secretary of the Apostolic Hospice of Rome. Referendary of the Tribunals of the Apostolic Signature of Justice and of Grace, September 9, 1734. Protonotary apostolic. Auditor of His Holiness (Uditore Sanctissimi) in July 1758. Canon of the patriarchal Vatican basilica, September 24, 1759.

Sacred orders. Received the subdiaconate, March 22, 1760. Abbot commendatario of the abbey Ss. Severio e Martirio nell'Orvietano, 1760-1789.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal deacon in the consistory of July 18, 1763; received the red hat on July 21, 1763; and the deaconry of S. Maria in Aquiro, August 22, 1763. Ascribed to the SS. CC. of the Tridentine Council, Rites, Consistorial, Examination of Bishops, Apostolic Visit and delle Acque. Protector of the Order of the Cistercians, May 1765; of the Congregation of S. Bernardo; of the Congregation of S. Basilio, June 1772; of the Bergamese church and nation; of the Apostolic Hospice of Rome; of the cities of Fossombrone, Amelia, Terne and Orte; of the collegiate church and chapter of Maenza; of the chapter of Todi; of Monte Giorgio, Sarnanao, Massaccio, Monte Castrilli and Cannara; of the monasteries of Assunta in Viterbo and S. Elisabetta in Amelia; of the confraternities of the suffrage of Montemilone and of S. Maria Maggiore in Montecchio; of collegio della mercatura e cambio of Perugia; co-protector of the city of Urbania; Opted for the deaconry of Ss. Vito e Modesto, June 5, 1765. Pro-auditor of His Holiness, 1765. Secretary of Apostolic Briefs, October 5, 1767 until 1775. Participated in the conclave of 1769, which elected Pope Clement XIV. Pro-prefect of the Tribunal of the Apostolic Signatures of Justice, ca. 1770-1787. Participated in the conclave of 1774-1775, which elected Pope Pius VI. Datary of His Holiness, March 3, 1775 until his death. Opted for the deaconry of S. Agata in Suburra, December 13, 1779. At the death of Cardinal Lazzaro Opizio Pallavicini, which occurred on February 23, 1785, he was named acting prefect of the S.C. of the Sacred Consulta. Pro-prefect of the S.C. of the Tridentine Council, February to July 1785.

Death. January 17, 1789, Rome. Exposed in the church of S. Agostino, Rome, where the funeral took place; and buried in the sepulchre of his family in the Bergamese church of Ss. Bartolomeo ed Alessandro, Rome, according to his will.

Bibliography. Katterbach, Bruno. Referendarii utriusque Signaturæ a Martino V ad Clementem IX et Praelati Signaturae Supplicationum a Martino V ad Leonem XIII. Città del Vaticano 1931. (Studi e Testi 55), p. 343-345; Moroni, Gaetano. Dizionario di erudizione storico-ecclesiastica da S. Pietro sino ai nostri giorni. 103 vols. in 53. Venezia : Tipografia Emiliana, 1840-1861, XLVII, 262; Ritzler, Remigium, and Pirminum Sefrin. Hierarchia Catholica Medii et Recientoris Aevi. Volumen VI (1730-1799). Patavii : Typis et Sumptibus Domus Editorialis "Il Messaggero di S. Antonio" apud Basilicam S. Antonii, 1968, pp. 23, 50, 51 and 52; Storti, Nicola. La storia e il diritto della Dataria Apostolica dalle origini ai nostri giorni. Napoli : Athena Mediterranea Editrice, 1969, p. 173, no. 73; Weber, Christoph and Becker, Michael. Genealogien zur Papstgeschichte. 6 v. Stuttgart : Anton Hiersemann, 1999-2002. (Päpste und Papsttum, Bd. 29, 1-6), VI, 683; Weber, Christoph. Die päpstlichen Referendare 1566-1809 : Chronologie und Prosopographie. 3 vols. Stuttgart : Anton Hiersemann, 2003-2004. (Päpste und Papsttum ; Bd. 31/1, 31/2, 31/3; Variation: Päpste und Papsttum ; Bd. 31), II, 761;

Webgraphy. Biography by Federica Meloni, in Italian, Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani (2013), Treccani; his engraving, Bildarchiv Austria. Die Bildplattform der Österreichischen Nationalbibliothek; his engraving, Pietro Antonio Pazzi (incisore), ambito fiorentino, secolo XVIII (1763), regione ecclesiastica Triveneto, diocesi Trento, Beni Ecclesiastici in web (BeWeB); his engraving, Araldica Vaticana; his tomb, Requiem Datenbank; The Negroni family, in Italian, Sandro Bassetti, Castello Monaldeschi della Cervara, Monte Rubiaglio, Terni, Italia.

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