Birth. December 14, 1797, Santopadre, diocese of Aquino. Of a noble family. Eldest of the two children of Ottavio Cagiano de Azevedo and Mariangela Zagaroli. The other child was Vincenzo, father of Cardinal Ottavio Cagiano de Azevedo (1905). His father fought with the Sanfedisti of Cardinal Fabrizio Ruffo, and he, before entering the Ecclesiastical Academy, studied at home with a preceptor, the future archbishop of Bari, Michele Basilio Clary, Basilian. His maternal uncle, Pasquale Zagaroli, was pastor of Santopadre.
Education. Studied at the Pontifical Academy of Ecclesiastical Nobles, Rome, from 1817; and at the Archgymnasium of Rome, where he earned a doctorate in utroque iuris, both civil and canon law, on July 22, 1819.
Early life. Consistorial lawyer (April 1823).
Priesthood. Ordained, August 10, 1824. Secretary to the dean of the Sacred Roman Rota, Monsignor Serlupi. Assistant to the Auditor Ignazio Alberghini. Secretary of the Permanent Commission of the Conservatores of Rome (October 1827). Auditor del Tesorero general de la Cámara Apostolica (1828). Domestic Prelate of His Holiness and Referendary of the Supreme Court of the Apostolic Signatura (March 1830). Member of the college of consistorial lawyers. Second Assessore criminale of the auditor general of the Apostolic Chamber (March 1830) and of the governor of Rome. Auditor of the Tribunal of Signature of Justice (July 1830). Protonotary apostolic. Governor of the city of Spoleto (December 1831). Apostolic delegate in Perugia (April 1833). Pro-legate in Ferrara (July 1836 to August 1837). Secretary of the Apostolic Consulta (August 1837-November 1842). When the Asian plague stroke Rome in 1837, he was called in order to have the disease controlled. His remedies were so effective that he was appointed vice-president of the Board of Health (1837) and secretary of the S.C. of the Sacred Consulta. Rector of La Sapienza University, Rome (1837-1844). Apostolic protonotary participantium in the Sacred Congregation of Propaganda Fide (February 1838). Consultant of the Sacred Congregation of Propaganda (April 1838). Secretary of the S.C. Consistorial. Auditor general of the Apostolic Chamber, January 28, 1843.
Episcopate. Elected bishop of Senigaglia, January 22, 1844; consecrated, February 11, 1844, at the patriarchal Vatican basilica, Rome, by Pope Gregory XVI, assisted by Cardinal Costantino Patrizi Naro, vicar of Rome, and by Cardinal Gabriele Ferretti, prefect of the S.C. of Indulgences and Relics. In the same ceremony was consecrated Niccola Clarelli Parraciani, bishop of Montefiascone e Corneto, future cardinal.
Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of January 22, 1844; received the red hat and the title of S. Croce in Gerusalemme, January 25, 1844. Participated in the conclave of 1846, which elected Pope Pius IX. Resigned the pastoral government of the diocese of Senigaglia, July 18, 1848. Prefect of the S.C. of the Tridentine Council, June 27 (or July 27), 1853 until September 26, 1860. Opted for the order of cardinal bishops and the suburbicarian see of Frascati, June 23, 1854. Camerlengo of the Sacred College of Cardinals, March 23, 1855 until 1856. Grand penitentiary, September 28, 1860 until his death.
Death. January 13, 1867, Rome. Exposed in Gesù church, Rome; the funeral took place on January 16, 1867, with the participation of Pope Pius IX; and he was buried, according to his will, in the church of S. Croce in Gerusalemme, Rome.
Bibliography. Re, Niccolò del. "I cardinali prefetti della Sacra Congregazione del Concilio dalle origini ad oggi (1564-1964)." Apollinaris, XXXVII (1964), pp. 137-138; Ritzler, Remigium, and Pirminum Sefrin. Hierarchia Catholica Medii et Recentioris Aevi. Volumen VII (1800-1846). Patavii : Typis et Sumptibus Domus Editorialis "Il Messaggero di S. Antonio" apud Basilicam S. Antonii, 1968, pp. 33, 41 and 342; Ritzler, Remigium, and Pirminum Sefrin. Hierarchia Catholica Medii et Recentioris Aevi. Volumen VIII (1846-1903). Patavii : Typis et Sumptibus Domus Editorialis "Il Messaggero di S. Antonio" apud Basilicam S. Antonii, 1979, p. 45; Weber, Christoph and Becker, Michael. Genealogien zur Papstgeschichte. 6 v. Stuttgart : Anton Hiersemann, 1999-2002. (Päpste und Papsttum, Bd. 29, 1-6), V, 133.
Webgraphy. Portrait, arms and biography, in Italian, Wikipedia; biography, in Italian, diocesi di Frascati; his engraving, Araldica Vaticana.
Birth. April 12, 1799, Rieti. Of the family of the marquises of Clarelli. Son of Marquis Giuseppe Clarelli (+ 1800), marquis of de Vacone, and Teresa Paracciani (1761-1830). His last name is also listed as Garelli-Paracciani; and as Clarelli Parracciani. Great-grand-nephew of Cardinal Giandomenico Paracciani (1706). Grand-nephew of Cardinal Urbano Paracciani Rutili (1766). Second cousin of Cardinals Salvatore Nobili Vitelleschi (1875); and Francesco Ricci Paracciani (1880).
Education. Studied at the Archgymnasium of Rome, where he obtained a doctorate in utroque iuris, both civil and canon law, on July 8, 1822; and at the Pontifical Academy of Ecclesiastical Nobles, Rome (diplomacy).
Early life. Privy chamberlain of His Holiness in 1819. Ablegato apostolic to bring the red biretta to new Cardinal Carlos da Cunha e Menezes, patriarch of Lisbon, in 1819. Entered the Roman prelatures in 1820 as domestic prelate of His Holiness and referendary. Prelate adjunct of the S.C. of the Council in February 1821. Relator of the S.C. of Good Government in June 1821. Entered the service of the Reverend Fabric of Saint Peter's basilica; its secretary and economous in January 1829. Canon of the patriarchal Vatican basilica; exercised his functions as a prelate in 1821; and as a judge in 1822.
Priesthood. Ordained, June 1, 1822. Second assessor of the tribunal of the governor of Rome in 1823; first assessor in 1825. Secretary of the S.C. of Waters in 1826. Vicar in Rieti. Pro-legate in Bologna in December 1830, for the duration of the 1830-1831 conclave; recalled to Rome, he assumed again his functions at the Fabric of Saint Peter's basilica. Cleric of the Apostolic Chamber in December 1836; later, president of the archives. Secretary of the Sacred Consulta in January 1843. Vice-governor of Rome.
Episcopate. Elected bishop of Montefiascone e Corneto, January 22, 1844. Consecrated, February 11, 1844, at the patriarchal Vatican basilica, Rome, by Pope Gregory XVI, assisted by Cardinal Costantino Patrizi Naro, vicar of Rome, and by Cardinal Gabriele Ferretti, prefect of the S.C. of Indulgences and Relics. In the same ceremony was consecrated Antonio Maria Cagiano de Azevedo, bishop of Senigaglia, future cardinal.
Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of January 22, 1844; received the red hat and the title of S. Pietro in Vincoli, January 25, 1844. Participated in the conclave of 1846, which elected Pope Pius IX. Accompanied the pope in his escape to Gaeta in 1848. Resigned the pastoral government of the diocese of Montefiascone e Corneto for reasons of health in June 1854. Returned to Rome. President of the Commission of subsidies for Public Beneficence and of certain charitable institutions such as the Institute for the Deaf and Mute. Prefect of the S.C. of Bishops and Religious, October 10, 1860 until April 23, 1863. Secretary of Apostolic Briefs, April 24, 1863. Grand chancellor of the Pontifical Equestrian Orders in April 1862. Opted for the order of cardinal bishops and the suburbicarian see of Frascati on February 22, 1867. Participated in the First Vatican Council, 1869-1870. Archpriest of the patriarchal Vatican basilica and prefect of the S.C. of the Fabric of Saint Peter's basilica in 1870. He was protector of the Franciscan Minor Conventual and Cistercian Orders.
Death. July 7, 1872, Vico Equense, archdiocese of Sorrento. Buried in the parish church of Santissima Annunziata (which once was a cathedral when Vico Equense was a diocese), Vico Equense.
Bibliography. LeBlanc, Jean. Dictionnaire biographique des cardinaux du XIXe siècle : contribution à l'histoire du Sacré Collège sous les potificats de Pie VII, Léon XII, Pie VIII, Grégoire XVI, Pie IX et Léon XIII, 1800-1903. Montréal : Wilson & Lafleur, 2007. (Collection Gratianus. Série instruments de recherche), p. 251-252; Ritzler, Remigium, and Pirminum Sefrin. Hierarchia Catholica Medii et Recentioris Aevi. Volumen VII (1800-1846). Patavii : Typis et Sumptibus Domus Editorialis "Il Messaggero di S. Antonio" apud Basilicam S. Antonii, 1968, pp. 33-34, 44 and 270; Ritzler, Remigium, and Pirminum Sefrin. Hierarchia Catholica Medii et Recentioris Aevi. Volumen VIII (1846-1903). Patavii : Typis et Sumptibus Domus Editorialis "Il Messaggero di S. Antonio" apud Basilicam S. Antonii, 1979, p. 45.
Webgraphy. Biography by Alberto Melloni, in Italian, Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani - Volume 81 (2014), Treccani; biographical data, in Italian, diocesi di Frascati; portrait, engravings, photograph and arms, Araldica Vaticana.
Birth. August 14, 1802, Fagagna, archdiocese of Udine. Eldest child of Giovanni Daniele Asquini (1759-1810) and his second wife, Giulia della Porta. Grandson of Count Fabio Asquini (1726-1818), prominent agronomist. Received the sacrament of confirmation, September 17, 1816.
Education. Studied at Collegio Ghislieri, Rome; at Collegio Romano, Rome, where he obtained a doctorate in theology; and at La Sapienza University, Rome (law).
Priesthood. Ordained, February 26, 1825. Apostolic delegate in Ancona (July 1826). Privy chamberlain supernumerary (May 1827). Auditor of the nunciature in Naples (May 1827). Domestic Prelate of His Holiness (1830). Protonotary apostolic (April 1830). Referendary of the Tribunal of the Apostolic Signature (July 1830). Vice-legate in Ferrara (March 1830); he took possession in August and had to leave the legation when it was in the hands of the pro-legate and withdrew to Udine, although when the uprising occurred (February 1831) he was called back to the position. Upon arriving in Ferrara (March 1831), the city was already occupied by the Austrians, with whom he collaborated remaining in charge (with the title of pro-legate) until mid-1836. Delegate of Ancona before the Apostolic See.
Episcopate. Elected titular archbishop of Tarso, October 2, 1837. Consecrated, October 8, 1837, Rome, by Cardinal Carlo Odescalchi. Nuncio in Sicily, December 22, 1837. Assistant at the Pontifical Throne, December 22, 1837. Secretary of the S.C. of Bishops and Regulars, April 9, 1839. Transferred to the titular Latin patriarchate of Constantinople, January 22, 1844.
Cardinalate. Created cardinal and reserved in pectore in the consistory of January 22, 1844; published in the consistory of April 21, 1845; received the red hat and the title of S. Stefano al Monte Celio, April 24, 1845. Participated in the conclave of 1846, which elected Pope Pius IX. Prefect of the S.C. of Indulgences and Relics, May 2, 1847. Camerlengo of the Sacred College of Cardinals, 1862 until March 16, 1863. Prefect of the S.C. of Ecclesiastical Immunity, May 8, 1863 until September 6, 1872. Participated in the First Vatican Council, 1869-1870. Secretary of Apostolic Briefs, July 12, 1872. Grand chancellor of the Pontifical Equestrian Orders. Opted for the title of S. Lorenzo in Lucina, September 21, 1877. Participated in the conclave of 1878, which elected Pope Leo XIII.
Death. December 23, 1878, after suffering a fall, in Rome. Exposed in the church of S. Maria in Vallicella, Rome, and buried in his family's chapel in the local cemetery of Fagagna.
Bibliography. Ritzler, Remigium, and Pirminum Sefrin. Hierarchia Catholica Medii et Recentioris Aevi. Volumen VII (1800-1846). Patavii : Typis et Sumptibus Domus Editorialis "Il Messaggero di S. Antonio" apud Basilicam S. Antonii, 1968, pp. 34, 161 and 360; Ritzler, Remigium, and Pirminum Sefrin. Hierarchia Catholica Medii et Recentioris Aevi. Volumen VIII (1846-1903). Patavii : Typis et Sumptibus Domus Editorialis "Il Messaggero di S. Antonio" apud Basilicam S. Antonii, 1979, p. 49.
Webgraphy. Biography, in Italian, Dizionario Biografico Friulano; his engraving and biography, in Italian, Wikipedia; his engraving, Bildarchiv Austria. Die Bildplattform der Österreichischen Nationalbibliothek; his engravings, arms and photograph, Araldica Vaticana.
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