The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church

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10th Century
(900-998)

Numerical summary of the names of the cardinals who appear in the documents of the pontificates of the 24 popes of this century.

This summary is taken from the essay of a general list of cardinals published in Annuaire Pontifical Catholique which for centuries VI to X relies almost completely on the works of Alfonso Chacón (or Alphonsus Ciaconio) Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificum Romanorum: et S.R.E. Cardinalium ab initio nascentis Ecclesiæ usque ad Clementem IX P. O. M. and Francesco Cristofori Cronotassi dei cardinali de Santa Romana Chiesa: nelle loro sedi suburbicarie titoli presbiterali e diaconie dal secolo V all'anno del signore MDCCCLXXXVIII; compilata sui manoscritti originali ed autentici esistenti nella biblioteca e negli archivi vaticani e su molteplici altre fonti storiche edite ed inedite antiche e moderne. The popes of these centuries have been listed according to the Annuario Pontificio per l'anno 1999.

Benedict IV (900-903) - 1 Cardinal
Leo V (903) - No new names
[Antipope] Christopher (903-904) - No new names
Sergius III (904-911) - 6 Cardinals
Anastasius III (911-913) - No new names
Lando (913 -914) - No new names
John X (914-928) - 4 Cardinals
Leo VI (928-929) - 3 Cardinals
Stephen VII (VIII) (929-931) - No new names
John XI (931-936) - 1 Cardinal
Leo VII (936-939) - 1 Cardinal
Stephen VIII (IX) (939-942) - 2 Cardinals
Marinus II (942-946) - 3 Cardinals
Agapitus II (946-955) - 6 Cardinals
John XII (955-964) - 27 Cardinals
Leo VIII (963-965) - No new names
Benedict V (964-964 or 965) - 7 Cardinals
John XIII (965-972) - 10 Cardinals
Benedict VI (973-974) - No new names
[Antipope] Boniface VII (974 and 984-985) - No new names
Benedict VII (974-983) - 5 Cardinals
John XIV (983-984) - 1 Cardinal
John XV (985-996) - 21 Cardinals
Gregory V (996-999) - 13 Cardinals
[Antipope] John XVI (997-998) - No new names
Total - 111 Cardinals

Source: Annuaire Pontifical Catholique. XXIX (1926), p. 161; XXX (1927), p. 129.

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The Ottonianum, February 13, 962, Pope John XII (955-964) and Emperor Otto I (936-973).

Emperor Otto I endeavored to bind the Romans by oath not to elect anyone as pope until he had been nominated by the emperor.

Sources: Hill, Boyd H. Medieval monarchy in action. The German Empire from Henry I to Henry IV. London: George Allen and Unwin.; New York: Barnes and Noble, 1972. (Historical problems: Studies and documents, 15), pp. 33-35. Ullmann, Walter. "The origins of the Ottonianum", Cambridge Historical Journal, (1953), 114-128.

Text: Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Diplomata, I, 322-327; Hill, Boyd H. Medieval monarchy in action. The German Empire from Henry I to Henry IV. London: George Allen and Unwin.; New York: Barnes and Noble, 1972. (Historical problems: Studies and documents, 15); Documents, 8, pp. 149-152.

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The first non-Roman prelate assigned a titular church, Pope Benedict VII (974-983)

In 975 this pope permitted Dietrich of Trier singular ceremonial privileges and assigned him the cell of SS. Quattro Coronati on the Caelian (the first foreigner to possess a title church in Rome). None of the other authors consulted consider him a cardinal.

Source: Kelly, J.N.D. The Oxford Dictionary of Popes. Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press, 1986, p 132.

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