(1) 1. TORRES, Gil (?-1254)

Cardinalate. Created cardinal deacon of Ss. Cosma e Damiano in the consistory of December 1216. Subscribed the papal bulls issued between April 17, 1217 and February 27, 1226; May 7, 1227 and May 24, 1239; and September 23, 1243 and July 28, 1246. Participated in the papal election of 1227, in which was elected Pope Gregory IX.

Episcopate. Elected archbishop of Tarragona in 1234; his election was not confirmed by Pope Gregory IX, who wanted him to stay in Rome. Participated in the papal election of 1241, in which was elected Pope Celestine IV. Participated in the papal election of 1241-1243, in which was elected Pope Innocent IV. Elected archbishop of Toledo, June 1247; his election was not confirmed by Pope Innocent IV, who wanted to keep him in Rome. He arranged the disputes between the bishops and the cathedral chapters of Avila, Burgos, Calahorra, Córdoba, Cuéllar, Cuenca, Plasencia, Salamanca, Segovia, and, probably, Ciudad Rodrigo. He was also auditor in cases concerning the sees of Tarragon and Gerona among others. He represented the interests of Castilla in the Roman Curia. Cardinal protodeacon in 1252. Participated in the papal election of 1254, in which was elected Pope Alexander IV.

Death. November 5 or 11, 1254 (2), (no place found), at a very advanced age (prope centenarius). Buried (no information found).

Bibliography. Cardella, Lorenzo. Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Stamperia Pagliarini, 1792, I, pt. 2, 235; Chacón, Alfonso. Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm ab initio nascentis Ecclesiæ vsque ad Vrbanvm VIII. Pont. Max. 2 volumes. Romae : Typis Vaticanis, 1677, II, col. 59; Bulaeus, Caesar Egasseus. Historia universitatis Parisiensis, ipsius fundationem, nationes, facultates, magistratus, decreta, censuras et judicia in negotiis fidei, privilegia, comitia, legationes, reformationes. Item antiquiss. Gallorum Academias, aliarum quoque universit. et religios. ordinum, qui ex eadem communi matre exierunt, institutiones et fundationes, aliaque id genus cum instrumentis publ. et authent. a Carolo M. ad nostra tempora (1600) ord. chronol. complectens. 6 vols. Parisiis : F. Noel, 1665-1673, III, 671; "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIIIè siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1929. Paris : Maison de la Bonne Presse, 1929, p. 115; Eubel, Conradus and Gulik, Guglielmus van. Hierarchia Catholica Medii Aevi. Volumen I (1198-1431). Münich : Sumptibus et Typis Librariae Regensbergianae, 1913; reprint, Padua : Il Messagero di S. Antonio, 1960, pp. 5, 49 and 487; Linehan, P. A. "Torrs, Gil." Diccionario de historia eclesiástica de España. 4 vols and Supplement. Dirigido por Quintín Aldea Vaquero, Tomás Marín Martínez, José Vives Gatell. Madrid : Instituto Enrique Flórez, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 1972-1975; Suplemento (1987), suppl., 692; Paravicini Bagliani, Agostino. Cardinali di curia e "familiae" cardinalizie. Dal 1227 al 1254. 2 vols. Padova : Antenore, 1972. (Italia sacra, 18-19), I, 16.

Webgraphy. Biography by Peter Linehan, in Spanish, DB-e, Diccionario Biográfico Español; biographical entry in Historia universitatis Parisiensis.... T. III, 1200-1300 / authore Caesare Egassio Bulaeo,... Du Boulay, César Egasse (160.-1678). Auteur du texte, in Latin, p. 671, Gallica; The Spanish Church and the Papacy in the 13th Century by Peter Linehan, in "THE LIBRARY OF IBERIAN RESOURCES ONLINE", in English; his engraving and arms, Araldica Vaticana.

(1) According to Linehan, "Torrs, Gil." Diccionario de historia eclesiástica de España, suppl., 692, sources have indicated that he was born in Portugal, La Rioja or Burgos; Linehan adds that most probably he was from Zamora because of his close connection with the bishops and canons of that see.
(2) This is according to Linehan, "Torrs, Gil." Diccionario de historia eclesiástica de España, suppl., 692; "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIIIè siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1929, p. 115, says that he died in August or at the end of December 1254; Eubel, Hierarchia Catholica Medii Aevi, I, 6, indicates that he participated in the papal election of 1254, which took place from December 8 to 12, therefore, according to this source he must have died after the latter date; Paravicini Bagliani, Cardinali di curia e "familiae" cardinalizie. Dal 1227 al 1254, I, 16, indicates that on August 6, 1255, the cardinal is remembered as of bone memorie.

(2) 2. SAVELLI, Bertrando (?-1223)

Birth. (No date found), Rome. Members of the family included Pope Honorius IV (1285-1287); and Cardinals Giovanni Battista Savelli (1480); Giacomo Savelli (1539); Silvio Savelli (1596); Giulio Savelli (1615); Fabrizio Savelli (1647); and Paolo Savelli (1664). His first name is also listed as Bartolomeo.

Education. (No information found).

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest of Ss. Giovanni e Paolo in the consistory of December 1216. Subscribed a papal bull issued on January 18, 1217. Legate in France, where he spent several years; on February 10, 1217, the pope encomiastically referred to his legation with Archbishop Hughes of Arles. Legate in Spain, where he died. He wrote several sermons on the life of the saints.

Death. February 9, 1223 (or 1222), quite young, in Spain. Buried (no information found).

Bibliography. Cardella, Lorenzo. Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Stamperia Pagliarini, 1792, I, pt. 2, 235-236; Chacón, Alfonso. Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm ab initio nascentis Ecclesiæ vsque ad Vrbanvm VIII. Pont. Max. 2 volumes. Romae : Typis Vaticanis, 1677, II, col. 59-60; "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIIIè siècle". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1929. Paris : Maison de la Bonne Presse, 1929, p. 115; Eubel, Conradus and Gulik, Guglielmus van. Hierarchia Catholica Medii Aevi. Volumen I (1198-1431). Münich : Sumptibus et Typis Librariae Regensbergianae, 1913; reprint, Padua : Il Messagero di S. Antonio, 1960, pp. 5 and 103.

Webgraphy. Biography by Zelina Zafarana, in Italian, Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani - Volume 9 (1967), Treccani; The Savelli family by Norbert M. Borengässer, in German, Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon.

(3) 3. NICCOLÒ (?-before 1227)