The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church

Biographical Dictionary
John XXII (1316-1334)
Consistory of December 17, 1316 (I)


(1) 1. CASTANET, Bernard de (ca. 1240-1317)

Birth. Ca. 1240, Montpellier (or Bas Rouergue), France. His last name is also listed as Castaneto, Castagneto, Chatenier and Castaignet.

Education. Obtained a doctorate in law at the University of Montpellier ca. 1262.

Early life. Archdeacon of La Fenelet, Narbonne. Archdeacon of the cathedral of Mallorca. Professor of civil law. Chaplain of Pope Gregory X. Auditor general of the Sacred Palace or of the Sacred Roman Rota in 1266. Archdeacon of Narbonne.

Episcopate. Elected bishop of Albi, March 7, 1276. Consecrated (no information found). On August 15, 1282, he laid the first stone of the cathedral of Sainte-Cécile; he also founded the convent of the Dominicans; and secularized the cathedral chapter in 1297. Because of the hostility of Albigens, he had to retire to Anncey. Nuncio before Rudolf, king of the Romans. Envoy of Philippe le Bel to Rome to request the canonization of King Louis IX of France, which he obtained on August 11, 1297. In 1307-1308, Pope Clement V had an inquiry made into a series of crimes attributed to Bishop Castanet by two canons of the cathedral, who had presented at the Roman Curia a list of accusations against their spiritual ruler. The bishop was accused of pastoral negligence, of simony, of dilapidation, of irregularities and systematic cruelty in the practice of justice, of murders and of incontinence. Soon after the hearing by pontifical commissioners of a hundred and fourteen witnesses presented by the denouncers, the pope called off the procedure. But three days later, he implicity penalized the bishop, removing him from the see of Albi to that of Le Puy, which was much less prestigious (1). Transferred to the see of Le Puy July 30, 1308.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal bishop of Porto e Santa Rufina in the consistory of December 17, 1316; he succeeded Pope John XXII in that suburbicarian see; kept his see of Le Puy.

Death. August 14, 1317, Avignon. Buried in the cathedral of Avignon.

Bibliography. Cardella, Lorenzo. Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Stamperia Pagliarini, 1793, II, 100-101; Chacón, Alfonso. Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm ab initio nascentis Ecclesiæ vsque ad Vrbanvm VIII. Pont. Max. 2 volumes. Romae : Typis Vaticanis, 1677, II, col. 407; Compayré, Clément. Études historiques et documents inédits sur l'Albigeois, le Castrais et l'ancien diocèse de Lavaur. Albi : impr. de M. Papilhiau, 1841, p. 75-76; Du Chesne, François. Histoire de tous les cardinaux françois : de naissance, ou qui ont esté promeus au cardinalat par l'expresse recommandation de nos roys, pour les grands services qu'ils ont rendus a leur estat, et a leur couronne. Comprenant commairement leurs legations, ambassades & voyages par eux faits en divers pays & royaumes, vers les papes, empereurs, roys, potentats, republiques, communautex & universitez, pour affaires importantes à l'église universelle, & à l'auguste majesté de nos souuerains. Enrichie de leurs armes et de leurs portraits. Divisée en deux tomes, et justifiée par tiltres et chartres du thresor de sa majesté, arrests des parlemens de France, registres des Chambres des comptes; donations, fondations, epitaphes, testamens, manuscripts, ancients monumens, chroniques & chartulaires d'abbayes, & autres histoires publiques & particlieres. 2 vols. A Paris : Aux despens de l'autheur, & se vendent chez luy ..., 1660, I, 407-408; "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIVè siècle jusqu'au Grand Schisme". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1930. Paris : Maison de la Bonne Presse, 1930, p. 142; Eubel, Conradus and Gulik, Guglielmus van. Hierarchia Catholica Medii Aevi. Volumen I (1198-1431). Münich : Sumptibus et Typis Librariae Regensbergianae, 1913; reprint, Padua : Il Messagero di S. Antonio, 1960, pp. 15, 36, 91 and 81; Théry, Julien. "Les Albigeois et la procédure inquisitoire : le procès pontifical contre Bernard de Castanet, évêque d'Albi et inquisiteur (1307-1308)", dans Heresis 33, 2000, p. 7-48; Théry, Julien. "L'évêque d'Albi Bernard de Castanet (v. 1240-1317) : une politique de la terreur", in Les inquisiteurs. Portraits de défenseurs de la foi en Languedoc (XIIIe-XIVe siècles). Dir. Laurent Albaret, Toulouse, Privat, 2001, p. 69-87; Théry, Julien. Fama, enormia. L'enquête sur les crimes de Bernard de Castanet, évêque d'Albi (1307-1308). Gouvernement et contestation au temps de la théocratie pontificale et de l'hérésie des bons hommes. Directeur : Jacques Chiffoleau. Discipline : Histoire Diplôme : Doctorat Nouveau Régime. Soutenance : 2003/12/19 - Mention Très Honorable avec Félicitations à l'Unanimité; Théry, Julien .La parole aux Albigeois : le procès de Bernard de Castanet, évêque d'Albi, 1307-1308, thèse pour le diplôme d'archiviste paléographe, 2000 - résumé", in École nationale des chartes, Positions des thèses..., 2000, p. 253-265.

Webgraphy. His arms and biography in Histoire de tous les cardinaux françois de naissance, ou qui ont esté promeus au cardinalat. [Volume 1] / by François Duchesne (1616-1693). Auteur du texte, in French, p. 407-408, Gallica; biography in Études historiques et documents inédits sur l'Albigeois, le Castrais et l'ancien diocèse de Lavaur / by M. Clément Compayré (1800-1877). Auteur du texte, in French, 75-76, Gallica.

(1) Théry, Fama, enormia. L'enquête sur les crimes de Bernard de Castanet, évêque d'Albi (1307-1308). Gouvernement et contestation au temps de la théocratie pontificale et de l'hérésie des bons hommes.

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(2) 2. VIA, Jacques de (?-1317)

Birth. (No date found), Cahors, France. Son of Pierre de Via and Marie Duese. Nephew of Pope John XXII, on his mother's side. Brother of Cardinal Arnaud de Via (1317). His first name is also listed as Jacopo; and his last name as De la Vie.

Education. (No information found).

Early life. Canon chantre of the cathedral chapter of Fréjus ca. 1303. Archdeacon of Mede.

Episcopate. Elected bishop of Avignon, February 20, 1313; he succeeded his uncle. Consecrated (no information found).

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest of Ss. Giovanni e Paolo in the consistory of December 17, 1316. Retained the administration of his see after the promotion to the cardinalate.

Death. June 13, 1317, Avignon (1). Buried in the cathedral of Avignon.

Bibliography. Cardella, Lorenzo. Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Stamperia Pagliarini, 1793, II, 101-102; Chacón, Alfonso. Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm ab initio nascentis Ecclesiæ vsque ad Vrbanvm VIII. Pont. Max. 2 volumes. Romae : Typis Vaticanis, 1677, II, col. 498; Du Chesne, François. Histoire de tous les cardinaux françois : de naissance, ou qui ont esté promeus au cardinalat par l'expresse recommandation de nos roys, pour les grands services qu'ils ont rendus a leur estat, et a leur couronne. Comprenant commairement leurs legations, ambassades & voyages par eux faits en divers pays & royaumes, vers les papes, empereurs, roys, potentats, republiques, communautex & universitez, pour affaires importantes à l'église universelle, & à l'auguste majesté de nos souuerains. Enrichie de leurs armes et de leurs portraits. Divisée en deux tomes, et justifiée par tiltres et chartres du thresor de sa majesté, arrests des parlemens de France, registres des Chambres des comptes; donations, fondations, epitaphes, testamens, manuscripts, ancients monumens, chroniques & chartulaires d'abbayes, & autres histoires publiques & particlieres. 2 vols. A Paris : Aux despens de l'autheur, & se vendent chez luy ..., 1660, I, 413-414; "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIVè siècle jusqu'au Grand Schisme". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1930. Paris : Maison de la Bonne Presse, 1930, p. 142; Eubel, Conradus and Gulik, Guglielmus van. Hierarchia Catholica Medii Aevi. Volumen I (1198-1431). Münich : Sumptibus et Typis Librariae Regensbergianae, 1913; reprint, Padua : Il Messagero di S. Antonio, 1960, pp. 15, 42 and 123.

Webgraphy. His arms and biography in Histoire de tous les cardinaux françois de naissance, ou qui ont esté promeus au cardinalat. [Volume 1] / by François Duchesne (1616-1693). Auteur du texte, in French, p. 413-414, Gallica; his genealogy by Matthieu Marion, at the end of the entry of Pope John XXII, click on Jean XXII.

(1) Some sources have indicated that he may have died because of "witchcraft" or due to being poisoned; others such as Ch.-V. Langlois, La fin de Hugues Géraud; and the response to the article by Canon Edmond Albe, p. 443, indicate that he died of natural causes.

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(3) 3. JEAN, Gauscelin de (?-1348)

Birth. (No date found), Cahors, France. Son of Bertrand de Jean and Marguerite Duese. Nephew of Pope John XXII, on his mother's side. His first name is also listed as Gaucelme; as Gaucelino; as Galcelino; and as Ganzelino; and his last name as di Giovanni; as Ivonne; as D'Euse; as Deuza; as Dossa; as Duese; and as Duèse.

Education. (No information found).

Early life. Canon of the metropolitan cathedral chapter of Reims from 1312.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest of Ss. Pietro e Marcellino in the consistory of December 17, 1316. Archdeacon of Northampton in 1317. Vice-chancellor of the Holy Roman Church in 1317. Treasurer of Litchfield, 1317-1348. Together with Cardinal Luca Fieschi, he was legate in England, Scotland and Ireland in 1317 to establish the peace between those kingdoms; the legates went to Dungal to consecrate the new bishop and were arrested and stripped of all they had, even their habits; the pope protested energetically to King Edward III of England and fulminated King Robert Bruce of Scotland with an anathema and placed the kingdom under an interdict because it had sent an army against England. Prebendary of Driffield and of Louth, 1317-1348. Legate in in France in 1319 to establish the peace between that kingdom and Flanders after a bloody twenty year war; he was successful in the mission and concerted the marriage of Princess Marguerite, daughter of King Philippe V le Long of France, with Count Louis of Nivers, eldest son of the count of Flanders.

Episcopate. Opted for the order of cardinal bishops and the suburbicarian see of Albano on December 18, 1327. Named grand penitentiary in 1332. Participated in the conclave of 1334, which elected Pope Benedict XII. Archdeacon of Carpentras in 1337; and later, of Saint-Sauveur de Aix. Did not participate in the conclave of 1342, which elected Pope Clement VI. He voted in the process for the controversy in the Order of the Friars Minor (Franciscans) concerning the poverty of Christ and the Apostles. In 1342, he consecrated Bishop Jan d'Arkel of Utrecht. Guido Terreni, bishop of Elna, dedicated to the cardinal his commentary on the decree of Graziano.

Death. August 3, 1348, Avignon. Buried (no information found).

Bibliography. Cardella, Lorenzo. Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Stamperia Pagliarini, 1793, II, 102-104; Chacón, Alfonso. Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm ab initio nascentis Ecclesiæ vsque ad Vrbanvm VIII. Pont. Max. 2 volumes. Romae : Typis Vaticanis, 1677, II, col. 408-409; Du Chesne, François. Histoire de tous les cardinaux françois : de naissance, ou qui ont esté promeus au cardinalat par l'expresse recommandation de nos roys, pour les grands services qu'ils ont rendus a leur estat, et a leur couronne. Comprenant commairement leurs legations, ambassades & voyages par eux faits en divers pays & royaumes, vers les papes, empereurs, roys, potentats, republiques, communautex & universitez, pour affaires importantes à l'église universelle, & à l'auguste majesté de nos souuerains. Enrichie de leurs armes et de leurs portraits. Divisée en deux tomes, et justifiée par tiltres et chartres du thresor de sa majesté, arrests des parlemens de France, registres des Chambres des comptes; donations, fondations, epitaphes, testamens, manuscripts, ancients monumens, chroniques & chartulaires d'abbayes, & autres histoires publiques & particlieres. 2 vols. A Paris : Aux despens de l'autheur, & se vendent chez luy ..., 1660, I, 415-418; "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIVè siècle jusqu'au Grand Schisme". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1930. Paris : Maison de la Bonne Presse, 1930, p. 142-143; Eubel, Conradus and Gulik, Guglielmus van. Hierarchia Catholica Medii Aevi. Volumen I (1198-1431). Münich : Sumptibus et Typis Librariae Regensbergianae, 1913; reprint, Padua : Il Messagero di S. Antonio, 1960, pp. 15, 35 and 44.

Webgraphy. His arms and biography in Histoire de tous les cardinaux françois de naissance, ou qui ont esté promeus au cardinalat. [Volume 1] / by François Duchesne (1616-1693). Auteur du texte, in French, p. 415-418, Gallica; his genealogy, by Matthieu Marion, at the end of the entry of Pope John XXII, click on Jean XXII; his arms, Gallica.

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(4) 4. DU POUGET, Bertrand (ca. 1280-1352)

Birth. Ca. 1280, Castelnau-Montratier, diocese of Cahors, France. Son of Bertrand du Pouget. Relative (nephew on his mother's side?) of Pope John XXII (1). Seigneur of Pouget, small fiefdom of the barony of Castelnau. His frist name is also listed as Bertrando; and his last name as del Poggetto; as Poietto; as Poyet; as Poujet; and as Puyet. He is also referred to as "Bertrandus de Porto, alias de Poyet, seu de Podietto" by Alfonso Chacón.

Education. Obtained a doctorate in canon law.

Early life. In 1310, Pope Clement V granted him the benefice of the church of Sainte-Marie (Notre Dame de la Purification), built in the enclosure of the château of Roquemaure. Dean of Issigfeac, Périgord. Papal chaplain in 1316. Prebendary of Cropredy, England, July 2, 1317. Canon of the metropolitan cathedral chapter of Narbonne. Archdeacon of Le Mans.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest of S. Marcello in the consistory of December 17, 1316. Legate in Ferrara in 1317. Legate in northern Italy, from 1319 to 1334.

Episcopate. Opted for the order of cardinal bishops and the suburbicarian see of Ostia e Velletri, December 18, 1327. Legate, count and signore general of the city and district of Bologna from 1327 until 1334. Marchis of Ancona and count of Romagna in 1332. Participated in the conclave of 1334, which elected Pope Benedict XII. Participated in the conclave of 1342, which elected Pope Clement VI (2).

Death. February 3, 1352, Villeneuve-Lès-Avignon (3). Buried in the church of the Franciscans (Cordeliers) in Avignon; later, his remains were transferred to the church of the convent of the Clarisse nuns in Pouget, which he had founded; the monastery was destroyed and his statue, mutilated, was found in 1977 during the work by Mr. Loubatière, in his property located in Pouget, commune of Castelnau-Montratier; he donated the jascent statue to the commune by a letter of December 1, 1981.

Bibliography. Berton, Charles. Dictionnaire des cardinaux, contenant des notions générales sur le cardinalat, la nomenclature complète ..., des cardinaux de tous les temps et de tous les pays ... les détails biographiques essentiels sur tous les cardinaux ... de longues études sur les cardinaux célèbre .... Paris : J.-P. Migne, 1857 ; Facsimile edition. Farnborough ; Gregg, 1969, col. 1423-1425; Cardella, Lorenzo. Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Stamperia Pagliarini, 1793, II, 104-107; Chacón, Alfonso. Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm ab initio nascentis Ecclesiæ vsque ad Vrbanvm VIII. Pont. Max. 2 volumes. Romae : Typis Vaticanis, 1677, II, col. 409-410; Ciaccio, L. "Il cardinale legato Bertrando del Poggetto in Bologna (1327-1334)", in Atti e Memorie della Deputazione di Storia Patria delle Provincie della Romagna, serie 3, Vol. XXIII 8 (1904-1905), pp. 154 and ff.; Du Chesne, François. Histoire de tous les cardinaux françois : de naissance, ou qui ont esté promeus au cardinalat par l'expresse recommandation de nos roys, pour les grands services qu'ils ont rendus a leur estat, et a leur couronne. Comprenant commairement leurs legations, ambassades & voyages par eux faits en divers pays & royaumes, vers les papes, empereurs, roys, potentats, republiques, communautex & universitez, pour affaires importantes à l'église universelle, & à l'auguste majesté de nos souuerains. Enrichie de leurs armes et de leurs portraits. Divisée en deux tomes, et justifiée par tiltres et chartres du thresor de sa majesté, arrests des parlemens de France, registres des Chambres des comptes; donations, fondations, epitaphes, testamens, manuscripts, ancients monumens, chroniques & chartulaires d'abbayes, & autres histoires publiques & particlieres. 2 vols. A Paris : Aux despens de l'autheur, & se vendent chez luy ..., 1660, I, 419-421; "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIVè siècle jusqu'au Grand Schisme". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1930. Paris : Maison de la Bonne Presse, 1930, p. 143; Eubel, Conradus and Gulik, Guglielmus van. Hierarchia Catholica Medii Aevi. Volumen I (1198-1431). Münich : Sumptibus et Typis Librariae Regensbergianae, 1913; reprint, Padua : Il Messagero di S. Antonio, 1960, pp. 15, 36 and 43; Fangarezzi, Riccardo. "Il cardinale Bertrando del Poggetto, labate Bernardo. La lunetta araldica della Torre di Nonantola nella Rocca di Vignola", in Memorie. La rivista del Centro Studi Storici Nonantolani, 10 (2010), n. 8-10, pp. 3-7; Giotto e le arti a Bologna : al tempo di Bertrando del Poggetto. A cura di Massimo Medica. Cinisello Balsamo, Milano : Silvana, 2005. Corp. author: Museo civico medievale di Bologna. Note: Catalog of an exhibition held at the Museo civico medievale of Bologna, Dec. 3, 2005-Mar. 28, 2006. Contents: 17 Bologna come Avignone, quindici anni dopo, Enrico Castelnuovo; 21 Bertrando del Poggetto e la sede papale a Bologna: un progetto fallito, Giancarlo Benevolo; 37 Giotto e Giovanni di Balduccio: due artisti toscani per la sede papale di Bologna, Massimo Medica; 55 Tra Giotto e il mondo gotico: la pittura a Bologna negli anni di Bertrando del Poggetto, Daniele Benati; 79 Libri, miniatori e committenti nella Bologna di Bertrando del Poggetto, Massimo Medica; 95 Politiche pontificie e immagini: la committenza di Aimerico di Chitelus a Ravenna, Fabio Massaccesi; 107 Catalogo; 215 Bibliografia; Moroni, Gaetano. Dizionario di erudizione storico-ecclesiastica da S. Pietro sino ai nostri giorni. 103 vols. in 53. Venezia : Tipografia Emiliana, 1840-1861, LIV, 8.

Webgraphy. His arms and biography, in French, p. 419-421, Gallica Bibliothèque Numérique, Bibliothèque Nationale de France; his engraving, images and biography, in French, Wikipédia; biographical data, in French, under "La Collégiale de Roquemaure", La Côte du Rhône, Office de Tourisme de Roquemaure; his engraving and biographical entry, in Spanish, Wikipedia; Giotto e le arti a Bologna al tempo di Bertrando del Poggetto, in Italian, Bologna, 3 dicembre 2005 - 28 marzo 2006, Museo Civico Medievale, Musei Civici d'Arte Antica, Commune di Bologna; biographical entry, in Italian, Dante Online, Consulenza Scientifica, Società Dantesca Italiana; his engraving, arms and biographical data, in French, Côti Rhône, L'information de la Ville, site officiel della commune de Roquemaure; his arms and engraving, Araldica Vaticana.

(1) His biography in French, linked above, explicitly denies that he was nephew of Pope John XXII; his biographical data in French, linked above, says that one of his sisters had married a relative by marriage (par alliance) of Jacques de Duèze, future Pope John XXII; his biographical entry in Italian, linked above; and the site "Giotto in Bologna", also linked above, say that he was nephew of that pope.
(2) His biographical entry in Italian, linked above, indicates that he was dean of the Sacred College of Cardinals at the time of the conclave that elected Pope Clement VI (1352) but the post was occupied by Cardinal Pierre des Près from 1336 until his death in 1361.
(3) This is according to "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIVè siècle jusqu'au Grand Schisme". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1930, p. 143; and Eubel, Hierarchia Catholica Medii Aevi, I, 15 and 43; both sources add that he did not die in 1346 or 1351. Dictionnaire des cardinaux, col. 1425; and Moroni Dizionario di erudizione storico-ecclesiastica da S. Pietro sino ai nostri giorni, LIV, 8, say that he died in 1351. Du Chesne, Histoire de tous les cardinaux françois, p. 421, says that he died at the end of 1348. Chacón, Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm, 1630 ed., I, col. 857, says that he died in 1346; Augustino Oldoino, S.J., in his addition to Chacón, Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm, 1677 ed., II, col. 410, indicates that he died on February 3, 1352, citing Felix Contelorius' "Elencho Cardinalium". Oldoino also says that Ferdinando Ughelli indicated that Cardinal Du Pouget died in 1351.

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(5) 5. ARRABLOY, Pierre d' (?-1331)

Birth. (No date found), Arrabloy, Orléans, France. Son of Jean d'Arrabloy and Jeanne d'Alezy. His last name is also listed as Arabloy; as Arrablay; as Arreblajo; and as Arreblayo.

Education. Maître in law.

Early life. Employed in several negotiations by King Philippe le Bon in Guyenne and Languedoc in 1311 and 1313. Archdeacon of Narbonne. Archdeacon of Bourbon-Lancy, diocese of Autun. Canon of Bourbonnois, Bourges, August 14, 1314. Canon of the chapter of Saint-Quentin, Vermadois. Friend of King Louis X of France. In July 1316, he was present at the marriage contract of Princess Jeanne, eldest daughter of King Philippe le Long of France, with the duke of Bourgogne. In July 1316, he was named the last one of the twenty-three seigneurs of the privy council of that duke and the first of the members of the parliament. Chancellor of France, July 22, 1316 until January 26, 1317.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest of S. Susanna in the consistory of December 17, 1316. The pope commissioned him with the arrest of Fra Michele da Cesena because of the latter's erroneous doctrine; the cardinal went to Marseille but the friar had already escaped by sea. He was named by the pope judge in the controversy in the cathedral chapter of Chieri for the election of the new bishop. He was also appointed judge in the cause of French clerics who made an attempt against the life of King Charles IV. Camerlengo of the Sacred College of Cardinals, September 25, 1326 until his death.

Episcopate. Opted for the order of cardinal bishops and the suburbicarian see of Porto e Santa Rufina, December 1328. Consecrated (no information found).

Death. March 1331, Avignon. Buried in the church of Arrabloy, near Gien.

Bibliography. Anselme de Sainte-Marie ; Dufourny, Honoré Caille ; Ange de Sainte-Rosalie ; Simplicien. Histoire généalogique et chronologique de la maison royale de France, des pairs, grands officiers de la couronne & de la maison du roy: & des anciens barons du royaume: avec les qualitez, l'origine, le progres & les armes de leurs familles; ensemble des statuts & le catalogue des chevaliers, cammandeurs, & officiers de l'ordre du S. Esprit. Le tout dresse sur titres originaux, sur les registres des chartes du roy, du parlement, de la chambre des comptes & du chatelet des Paris ... & d'autres cabinets curieux. 9 vols. Paris : La Compagnie des libraires, 3. éd., rev., corrigée & augmentée par les soins du P. Ange & du P. Simplicien, 1726-1733, VI, 306-308; Cardella, Lorenzo. Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Stamperia Pagliarini, 1793, II, 107-108; Chacón, Alfonso. Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm ab initio nascentis Ecclesiæ vsque ad Vrbanvm VIII. Pont. Max. 2 volumes. Romae : Typis Vaticanis, 1677, II, col. 411; Du Chesne, François. Histoire de tous les cardinaux françois : de naissance, ou qui ont esté promeus au cardinalat par l'expresse recommandation de nos roys, pour les grands services qu'ils ont rendus a leur estat, et a leur couronne. Comprenant commairement leurs legations, ambassades & voyages par eux faits en divers pays & royaumes, vers les papes, empereurs, roys, potentats, republiques, communautex & universitez, pour affaires importantes à l'église universelle, & à l'auguste majesté de nos souuerains. Enrichie de leurs armes et de leurs portraits. Divisée en deux tomes, et justifiée par tiltres et chartres du thresor de sa majesté, arrests des parlemens de France, registres des Chambres des comptes; donations, fondations, epitaphes, testamens, manuscripts, ancients monumens, chroniques & chartulaires d'abbayes, & autres histoires publiques & particlieres. 2 vols. A Paris : Aux despens de l'autheur, & se vendent chez luy ..., 1660, I, 422-425; "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du IVè siècle jusqu'au Grand Schisme". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1930. Paris : Maison de la Bonne Presse, 1930, p. 143; Eubel, Conradus and Gulik, Guglielmus van. Hierarchia Catholica Medii Aevi. Volumen I (1198-1431). Münich : Sumptibus et Typis Librariae Regensbergianae, 1913; reprint, Padua : Il Messagero di S. Antonio, 1960, pp. 15, 37 and 48.

Webgraphy. His arms and biography in Histoire de tous les cardinaux françois de naissance, ou qui ont esté promeus au cardinalat. [Volume 1] / by François Duchesne (1616-1693). Auteur du texte, in French, p. 422-25, Gallica; his arms, biography and genealogy in Histoire généalogique et chronologique de la maison royale de France, des pairs, grands officiers de la Couronne, de la Maison du Roy et des anciens barons du royaume.... Tome 6 / par le P. Anselme,... ; continuée par M. Du Fourny Anselme de Sainte-Marie (1625-1694 ; augustin). Auteur du texte, in French, p. 306-308, Gallica; Commune de Arrebloy, in French; Philippe V et son Conseil : le gouvernement royal de 1316 ` 1322 by Olivier Canteaut, Chapitre V, "La chancellerie", Le chancelier, in French.

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(6) 6. MONTFAVEZ, Bertrand de (ca. 1270-1342)

Birth. Ca. 1270, Castelnau-Montratier, diocese of Cahors, France. Seigneur of Gandoules. His last name is also listed as Monte Faventio; as Monfavez; as Montfavet; and as Montefaro.

Education. Obtained a doctorate in law at the University of Toulouse.

Early life. Professor of law. Canon of the metropolitan cathedral chapter of Lyon. Tertiary of the Order of the Friars Minor (Franciscans). Protonotary apostolic. Former preceptor and friend of Pope John XXII.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal deacon of S. Maria in Aquiro in the consistory of December 17, 1316. Archpriest of the patriarchal Lateran basilica, 1326 until December 1, 1342. Participated in the conclave of 1334, which elected Pope Benedict XII. The pope sent him and Cardinal Pedro Gómez Barroso as legates with the mission of pacifying the conflict between the kings of France and England, Philippe VI and Edward III respectively, from 1337 to 1340; the legation was fruitless. On his return from the legation, he was named arbiter in the difference between the bishop of Angouleme and the dean of the cathedral chapter concerning the spiritual jurisdiction in the city; the cardinal decided that whenever the bishop was present in the city, he had spiritual jurisdiction and the dean would exercise it in the absence of the prelate. Did not participate in the conclave of 1342, which elected Pope Clement VI.

Death. December 1, 1342, Avignon. Buried in the church of Notre-Dame de Bon-Repose, Avignon, which he had built in 1336; his testamentary executors were charged with the erection of a monastery in the property "Bon repos", which the cardinal had acquired in 1341, in the place called "Clos des Rivans"; a prior and twenty four canons regular of Saint-Augustine should serve it according to his will (1).

Bibliography. Cardella, Lorenzo. Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Stamperia Pagliarini, 1793, II, 108-110; Chacón, Alfonso. Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm ab initio nascentis Ecclesiæ vsque ad Vrbanvm VIII. Pont. Max. 2 volumes. Romae : Typis Vaticanis, 1677, II, col. 411-412; Du Chesne, François. Histoire de tous les cardinaux françois : de naissance, ou qui ont esté promeus au cardinalat par l'expresse recommandation de nos roys, pour les grands services qu'ils ont rendus a leur estat, et a leur couronne. Comprenant commairement leurs legations, ambassades & voyages par eux faits en divers pays & royaumes, vers les papes, empereurs, roys, potentats, republiques, communautex & universitez, pour affaires importantes à l'église universelle, & à l'auguste majesté de nos souuerains. Enrichie de leurs armes et de leurs portraits. Divisée en deux tomes, et justifiée par tiltres et chartres du thresor de sa majesté, arrests des parlemens de France, registres des Chambres des comptes; donations, fondations, epitaphes, testamens, manuscripts, ancients monumens, chroniques & chartulaires d'abbayes, & autres histoires publiques & particlieres. 2 vols. A Paris : Aux despens de l'autheur, & se vendent chez luy ..., 1660, I, 426-428; "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIVè siècle jusqu'au Grand Schisme". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1930. Paris : Maison de la Bonne Presse, 1930, p. 143; Eubel, Conradus and Gulik, Guglielmus van. Hierarchia Catholica Medii Aevi. Volumen I (1198-1431). Münich : Sumptibus et Typis Librariae Regensbergianae, 1913; reprint, Padua : Il Messagero di S. Antonio, 1960, pp. 15 and 50.

Webgraphy. His engraving and biography in Histoire de tous les cardinaux françois de naissance, ou qui ont esté promeus au cardinalat. [Volume 1] / by François Duchesne (1616-1693). Auteur du texte, in French, p. 426-428, Gallica; his arms in Généalogies historiées et blasonnées, by Jean Gallian; two engravings, Araldica Vaticana.

(1) This is the text of his epitaph, taken from Chacón, Alfonso. Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm, II, col. 412:

Hic iacet Bertrandus de Montefaventio de Castronovo
Ratherij Cadurcensis Diœcesis, tituli S. Mariæ in Aquiro
Diaconus Cardinalis, qui post extructam fuit expensis,
& dotatam hanc Ecclesiam, &Monasterium,
aliaque piè, & præclare à se gesta,
in Domino feliciter obdormivit,
anno Domini MCCCXLIII.

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(7) 7. LA MOTHE, Gaillard de (?-1356)

Birth. (No date found), Bordeaux, France. Son of Amanieu, baron de la Mothe, seigneur of Langon and Rochetaillée, and a sister of Pope Clement V. Nephew of Pope Clement V, on his mother's side. His first name is also listed as Gailardo and as Galhardus; and his name as de Mota and as Lamotte; Preissac and Pressage is sometimes added to his last name, confusing him with another nephew of Pope Clement V, Gaillard de Preissac.

Education. (No information found).

Early life. Canon of the cathedral chapter of Narbonne. Protonotary apostolic. Precentor of the diocese of Chichester, May 31, 1312-1356. Prebendary of Milton Ecclesia, 1312-1356. Archdeacon of Oxford, 1313-1356.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal deacon of S. Lucia in Silice (alias in Orphea) in the consistory of December 17, 1316. Prebenday of Stoke, 1321-1324. Prebendary of Aylesbury, 1324-1356. Participated in the conclave of 1334, which elected Pope Benedict XII; he crowned the new pope. Participated in the conclave of 1342, which elected Pope Clement VI. The pope sent him to solve the dispute between Archbishop Niccolò of Ravenna and Opizzone d'Este, vicar of Ferrara, who had occupied the of Argenta that was under the jurisdiction of the archbishop. Archdeacon of Ely, 1344-1356. Treasurer of the diocese of Salisbury, 1345. In 1345, he fell under suspicion of disloyalty to King Philippe VI of France; the pope defended the cardinal with a letter in which he commended the prelate for his incorruptible customs, maturity and prudence. Prior of Ispagnac in 1346. Cardinal protodeacon, October 1, 1346. In 1348, he was commissioned, together with two other cardinals, to examine the accusation against Queen Giovanna of Naples. Participated in the conclave of 1352, which elected Pope Innocent VI, whom he (as cardinal protodeacon) crowned.

Death. December 20, 1356, Avignon. His body was taken to Bazas and buried next to the mausoleum of Clement V that he had erected in the parish church of Notre-Dame or of Saint-Jean (1); the monument was destroyed by the Huguenots on January 6, 1577; the bodies were stripped of their pontifical vestments and burned.

Bibliography. Cardella, Lorenzo. Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Stamperia Pagliarini, 1793, II, 110-111; Chacón, Alfonso. Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm ab initio nascentis Ecclesiæ vsque ad Vrbanvm VIII. Pont. Max. 2 volumes. Romae : Typis Vaticanis, 1677, II, col. 412-413; Du Chesne, François. Histoire de tous les cardinaux françois : de naissance, ou qui ont esté promeus au cardinalat par l'expresse recommandation de nos roys, pour les grands services qu'ils ont rendus a leur estat, et a leur couronne. Comprenant commairement leurs legations, ambassades & voyages par eux faits en divers pays & royaumes, vers les papes, empereurs, roys, potentats, republiques, communautex & universitez, pour affaires importantes à l'église universelle, & à l'auguste majesté de nos souuerains. Enrichie de leurs armes et de leurs portraits. Divisée en deux tomes, et justifiée par tiltres et chartres du thresor de sa majesté, arrests des parlemens de France, registres des Chambres des comptes; donations, fondations, epitaphes, testamens, manuscripts, ancients monumens, chroniques & chartulaires d'abbayes, & autres histoires publiques & particlieres. 2 vols. A Paris : Aux despens de l'autheur, & se vendent chez luy ..., 1660, I, 409-412; "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIVè siècle jusqu'au Grand Schisme". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1930. Paris : Maison de la Bonne Presse, 1930, p. 143; Eubel, Conradus and Gulik, Guglielmus van. Hierarchia Catholica Medii Aevi. Volumen I (1198-1431). Münich : Sumptibus et Typis Librariae Regensbergianae, 1913; reprint, Padua : Il Messagero di S. Antonio, 1960, pp. 15 and 50.

Webgraphy. His arms and biography, in French, Gallica, Histoire de tous les cardinaux françois de naissance : ou qui ont esté promeus au cardinalat.... [Volume 1] / par François Duchesne (1616-1693). Edited by F. Duchesne, Paris, 1660, p. 409-412; Château de Roquetaillade, built by the cardinal, Casteland.com; his arms, Araldica Vaticana.

(1) This is according to Cardella, Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa, II, 111, which adds that an ancient book preserved in the cathedral of Narbonne indicates that the cardinal was buried in the church of Saint-Jules in that city.

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(8) 8. ORSINI, Giovanni Gaetano (ca. 1285-1335)

Birth. Ca. 1285, Rome. Of a noble family. Son of Matteo Rosso II Orsini and his second or third wife, whose name is not known, but may have been of the Romangia family. Nephew of Pope Nicholas III. First cousin of Cardinal Napoleone Orsini (1288). He is also listed as Gian Gaetano Orsini and as Giangaetano Orsini. His middle name is also listed as Gaetani; as Gajetani; and as Cajetani; and his last name as Gaetano Orsini and as Ursinis. His family gave the church several popes and cardinals: Celestine III (1191-1198); Nicholas III (1277-1280); Benedict XIII (1724-1730); Matteo Orsini (1262); Latino Malabranca Orsini, O.P. (1278); Giordano Orsini (1278); Francesco Napoleone Orsini (1295); Matteo Orsini, O.P. (1327); Rinaldo Orsini (1350); Giacomo Orsini (1371); Poncello Orsini (1378); Tommaso Orsini (1383?); Giordano Orsini, iuniore (1405); Latino Orsini (1448); Cosma Orsini, O.S.B. (1480); Giovanni Battista Orsini (1483); Franciotto Orsini (1517); Flavio Orsini (1565); Alessandro Orsini (1615); Virginio Orsini, O.S.Io.Hieros. (1641); and Domenico Orsini d'Aragona (1743).

Education. Studied at the University of Padua, 1308-1310; he studied letters, which included rhetoric and, by extension, legal studies; although he never seems to have pursued the formal study of law, he had a considerable knowledge of the subject and was very interested in it; he was called a jurisperitus; his knowledge of theology was minimal.

Early life. Canon of the metropolitan cathedral of Reims before 1308. By 1316, he was a resident at the papal court in Avignon as a familiaris of his cousin the cardinal, whose patronage obtained for him a large number of benefices. Archdeacon of Bibiesca, Burgos, September 1316. Protonotary apostolic.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal deacon of S. Teodoro in the consistory of December 17, 1316. He received the title of S. Marco in commendam on September 16, 1317; kept it until his death. In May 1318, together with Cardinals Napoleone Orsini and Giacomo Caetani Stefaneschi, he presented the pallium to Berenguer de Landorra, O.P., archbishop-elect of Compostela. In August 1324, with five other cardinal deacons, he presented the pallium to Bishop Heinrich von Sternberg of Bamberg. Legate a latere in Italy with ample faculties over the provinces of Romagna, Tuscany, Marca Umbria and Sardinia, 1326-1334; he was to pacify Italy, agitated by factions and civil wars, but his mission was not successful; in 1330, he went to reside in Rome; he placed an interdict over that city for opening its doors to Ludwig von Bavaria, who had himself crowned emperor and who installed Antipope Nicholas V; after the emperor left, he retook the city with the aid of King Roberto of Naples, and lifted the interdict; the pope did not approve his fight with the Colonnas in Rome and asked the legate to go back to Tuscany. In November 1328, he started a campaign against Corneto and Viterbo, which submitted to the pope in 1329. In August 1334, he was recalled from his legation by the pope and returned to Avignon; he remained there until his death. Participated in the conclave of 1334, which elected Pope Benedict XII.

Death. August 27, 1335, Avignon. Buried in the church of the Franciscans (Cordeliers) in Avignon.

Bibliography. Beattie, Blake R. Angelus pacis : the legation of Cardinal Giovanni Gaetano Orsini, 1326-1334. Leiden ; Boston : Brill, 2007. (The medieval Mediterranean ; v. 67); Cardella, Lorenzo. Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Stamperia Pagliarini, 1793, II, 111-113; Chacón, Alfonso. Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm ab initio nascentis Ecclesiæ vsque ad Vrbanvm VIII. Pont. Max. 2 volumes. Romae : Typis Vaticanis, 1677, II, col. 413-414; "Essai de liste générale des cardinaux. Les cardinaux du XIVè siècle jusqu'au Grand Schisme". Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1930. Paris : Maison de la Bonne Presse, 1930, p. 143; Eubel, Conradus and Gulik, Guglielmus van. Hierarchia Catholica Medii Aevi. Volumen I (1198-1431). Münich : Sumptibus et Typis Librariae Regensbergianae, 1913; reprint, Padua : Il Messagero di S. Antonio, 1960, pp. 15 and 52.

Webgraphy. Biography by Johann Peter Kirsch, in English, no.3, The Catholic Encyclopedia; Angelus Pacis. The legation of Cardinal Giovanni Gaetano Orsini, 1326-1334 by Blake R. Beattie, in English, third item on the page; his arms, Araldica Vaticana.

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