The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church
Deaconries
S. Nicola in Carcere --- Ss. Vito, Modesto e Crescenzia
S. Nicola in CarcereThis deaconry was erected by Pope Saint Gregory III ca. 731. Immediately, it was assigned to the assistance of the incarcerated. Together with the deaconry of S. Maria in Portico, it was established to replace the deaconries of Ss. Nereo ed Achilleo, which had become a title; and S. Alessio (before the 10th Century, S. Bonifacio), which had been suppressed. According to Cristofori, the popular denomination of this deaconry as S. Nicola in Carcere Tulliano was erroneous. Carcere Tulliano is the same as Carcere Mamertina, and it was located at the foot of the Campidoglio. The basilica of this deaconry was erected next to Carcere Decemvirale. It was not a regional deaconry but it was reserved for a palatine deacon.
Ugo d'Alatri (1099-1117) (1)
Crisogono Malcondini (1117-ca. 1123)
Pietro (1118-1120) (?)
Giovanni Dauferio (1122-1130; ca. 1133-1135)
Ottaviano de' Monticelli (1138-1151) (2)
Ottone (1152-1174 or 1175)
Vibiano (1175)
Gerardo (1175-ca. 1178)
Bernardo (1178-1181)
Pietro Diana (1185-1188) (3)
Egidio di Anagni (1190-1194)
Gérard, O.Cist. (1198-1199)
Guido Pierleone (1205-1221)
Oddone di Montferrato (1227-1244)
Giovanni Gaetano Orsini (1244-1277)
Benedetto Caetani (1281-1291)
Guglielmo Longhi (1294-1319)
Vacant (1319-1381) (?)
Landolfo Maramaldo (1381-1415)
Vacant (1415-1456) (?)
Rodrigo de Borja y Borja (1456-1484)
Giovanni Battista Savelli (1484-1498)
Amanieu d'Albret (1500-1520)
Agostino Trivulzio, in commendam (1520-1531)
Íñigo López de Mendoza y Zúñiga (1531-1535)
Rodrigo Luis de Borja y de Castre-Pinós (1537)
Girolamo Grimaldi, in commendam (1537-1538)
Niccolò Caetani (1538-1552)
Giacomo Savelli (1552-1558)
Giovanni Battista Consiglieri (1558-1559)
Carlo Carafa (1560-1561)
Francesco Gonzaga (1561-1562)
Georges d'Armagnac (1562-1585)
Francesco Sforza (1585-1588)
Ascanio Colonna (1588-1591)
Federico Borromeo, seniore (1591-1593)
Pietro Aldobrandini (1593-1604)
Carlo Emmanuele Pio, seniore (1604-1623)
Carlo de' Medici (1623-1644)
Giangiacomo Teodoro Trivulzio (1644)
Rinaldo d'Este (1644-1668)
Friedrich von Hessen-Darmstadt (1668-1670)
Paolo Savelli (1670-1678)
Urbano Sacchetti (1681-1689)
Gianfrancesco Ginetti (1689-1691)
Vacant (1691-1699)
Henri Albert de la Grange d'Arquien (1699-1707)
Lorenzo Altieri (1707-1718)
Damian Hugo Philipp von Schönborn (1721)
Vacant (1721-1728)
Antonio Banchieri (1728-1733)
Vacant (1733-1738)
Carlo Rezzonico, seniore (1738-1747)
Mario Bolognetti (1747-1751)
Domenico Orsini d'Aragona (1753-1763)
Vacant (1763-1770)
Giovanni Battista Rezzonico (1770-1783)
Romualdo Braschi Onesti (1787-1800)
Marino Carafa di Belvedere (1801-1807)
Vacant (1807-1816)
Pietro Vidoni, iuniore (1816-1830)
Vacant (1830-1834)
Nicola Grimaldi (1834-1845)
Giuseppe Antonio Zacchia Rondinini (1845)
Pietro Marini (1847-1863)
Vacant (1863-1874)
Camillo Tarquini, S.J. (1874)
Domenico Bartolini (1875-1876)
Joseph Hergenröther (1879-1888)
Vacant (1888-1907)
Gaetano de Lai (1907-1911)
Vacant (1911-1922)
Giuseppe Mori (1922-1933); pro illa vice title (1933-1934)
Nicola Canali (1935-1961)
Vacant (1961-1967)
Patrick Aloysius O'Boyle, pro illa vice title (1967-1987)
Hans Urs von Balthasar (1988) (quasi-cardinal)
Vacant (1988-1994)
Alois Grillmeier, S.J. (1994-1998)
Zenon Grocholewski (2001-2011); pro hac vice title (2011-2020)
Sivano Maria Tomasi, C.S. (2020-
(1) Cristofori lists Cardinal Pagano (?) (1099-1115) as his successor but Annuaire Pontifical Catholique indicates that this is erroneous and that Cristofori probably confused him with Cardinal Pagano, deacon of S. Maria Nuova.
(2) Cristofori places Cardinal Ottaviano de Conti Tusculani as occupant of this deaconry from 1138 to 1145. Annuaire Pontifical Catholique indicates that he must be identified with Cardinal Ottaviano de Monticello because no one else mentions him, unless he is a different person and is placed as occupant from 1130 to 1133 during the exclusion of Cardinal Dauferio.
(3) Cristofori lists Cardinal Alessio (Egidio) as occupant of this deaconry from 1188 to 1190. Annuaire Pontifical Catholique indicates that Chacón and Mais-Latrie, who also placed him as deacon of S. Nicola in Carcere, are mistaken and confused him with Cardinal Egidio Pierleoni.
SS. Nome di Gesù
Established by Pope Paul VI on February 5, 1965, by the apostolic constitution Quod ex antiquitate
Michele Pellegrino, pro illa vice title (1967-1986)
Eduardo Martínez Somalo (1988-1999); pro hac vice title (1999-2021)
Gianfranco Ghirlanda, S.J. (2022-
SS. Nome di Maria al Foro Traiano
This deaconry was established in 1969 by Pope Paul VI (1963-1978).
Sergio Guerri (1969-1979); pro illa vice title (1979-1992)
Vacant (1992-1998)
Darío Castrillón Hoyos (1998-2008); pro illa vice title (2008-2018)
SS. Nomi di Gesù e Maria in Via Lata
Established by Pope Paul VI on June 7, 1967, by the apostolic constitution More institutoque.
Justinus Darmojuwono, pro illa vice title (1967-1994)
Avery Robert Dulles, S.J. (2001-2008)
Domenico Bartolucci (2010-2013)
Luigi De Magistris (2015-2022)
Nostra Signora del Coromoto in S. Giovanni di Dio
This deaconry was established in 1985 by Pope John Paul II.
Rosalio José Castillo Lara, S.D.B. (1985-1996); pro illa vice title (1996-2007)
Fernando Filoni (2012-2018); suburbicarian rank (2018-
Nostra Signora del Sacro Cuore
Established by Pope Paul VI on February 5, 1965, by the apostolic constitution Sollicitudo omnium Ecclesiarum.
Cesare Zerba, pro illa vice title (1965-1973)
Mario Luigi Ciappi, O.P. (1977-1987)
José Saraiva Martins, C.M.F. (2001-2009)
Kurt Koch (2010-2021); pro hac vice title (2021-
Ognissanti in Via Appia Nuova
This deaconry was established in 1969 by Pope Paul VI (1963-1978).
Giuseppe Paupini (1969-1979); pro illa vice title (1979-1992)
Mikel Koliqi (1994-1997)
Alberto Bovone (1998)
Walter Kasper (2001-2011); pro hac vice title (2011-
S. OnofrioThis deaconry was founded on July 6, 1517, by Pope Leo X (1513-1521) when he greatly increased the number of cardinals in the consistory of July 1, 1517. Pope Sixtus V (1585-1590) elevated the deaconry of S. Onofrio to title on April 13, 1587, by the apostolic constitution Religiosa.
Jean de Lorraine (1518-1550)
Innocenzo Ciocchi del Monte (1550-1562)
Ludovico Madruzzo (1562-1586)
S. Paolo alla RegolaThis deaconry was established on January 25, 1946 by Pope Pius XII (1939-1958) by the apostolic constitution Sancti Hadriani Ecclesia, which also suppressed the deaconry of S. Adriano.
Alojzije Stepinac, pro illa vice title (1953-1960)
Giuseppe Fietta, pro illa vice title (1958-1960)
Michael Browne, O.P. (1962-1971)
Vacant (1971-2010)
Francesco Monterisi (2010-2021); pro hac vice title (2021-
S. Paolo Apostolo alle Tre Fontane
This deaconry was established by Pope Benedict XVI in the consistory of November 20, 2010.
Mauro Piacenza (2010-2021); pro hac vice title (2021-
S. Pier Damiani ai Monti di S. Paolo
This deaconry was established in 1973 by Pope Paul VI (1963-1978).
Pietro Palazzini (1973-1974)
Vacant (1974-2003)
Gustaaf Joos (2003-2004)
Agostino Vallini (2006-2009); pro hac vice title (2009-
S. Pio V a Villa Carpegna
This deaconry was established in 1973 by Pope Paul VI (1963-1978).
Pierre-Paul Philippe, O.P. (1973-1983); pro illa vice title (1983-1984)
Luigi Dadaglio (1985-1990)
José Tomás Sánchez (1991-2002); pro illa vice title (2002-2012)
James Michael Harvey (2012-
S. Ponziano
This deaconry was established in 2007 by Pope Benedict XVI.
Urbano Navarrete Cortés, S.J. (2007-2010)
Santos Abril y Castelló (2012-
S. Saba
Established by Pope John XXIII on December 2, 1959, by the apostolic constitution Est in more
Augustine Bea
, S.J. (1959-1968)
Jean Daniélou, S.J. (1969-1975)
Joseph Schröffer (1976-1983)
Jean-Jérôme Hamer, O.P. (1985-1996); pro illa vice title (1996)
Jorge Arturo Medina Estévez (1998-2008); pro hac vice title (2008-2021)
Arthur Roche (2022-
S. Salvatore in Lauro
This deaconry was established by Pope Benedict XVI in 2007. It existed as a title from 1587 until 1670.
Angelo Comastri (2007-2018); pro hac vice title (2018-
S. Sebastiano al Palatino
This deaconry was established in 1973 by Pope Paul VI (1963-1978).
Ferdinando Giuseppe Antonelli, O.F.M. (1973-1983); pro illa vice title (1983-1993)
Yves Congar, O.P. (1994-1995)
Dino Monduzzi (1998-2006)
John Patrick Foley (2007-2011)
Edwin Frederick O'Brien (2012-
Ss. Sergio e BaccoThis deaconry, one of the seven original ones, was erected by Pope Saint Agatho in 678, in the VIII Region of Rome, in the Roman Forum, next to the Arch of Septimius Severus. Pope Gregory III (731-741) enlarged its edifice and its small oratory. It was suppressed in 1587 by Pope Sixtus V (1585-1590) and later demolished during the pontificate of Paul V (1605-1621).
Aldo da Ferentino (1099-ca. 1123)
Gregorio Tarquini (1122-1145)
Raniero Marescotti (1145) (1)
Cinzio (1145-1148)
Greco (1148 or 1149-1150)
Giovanni (1150-1154)
Berardo (1160-1161), pseudocardinal of Antipope Victor IV
Vitellio, O.S.B. (1164-1175)
Guglielmo (1172-1173), pseudocardinal of Antipope Callistus III
Paolo (1178-ca. 1181)
Paolo Scolari (1179-?) (?)
Ottaviano (1182-1189)
Giovanni (1189-1190)
Lotario dei conti di Segni (1190-1198) (2)
Ottaviano dei conti di Segni (1206-1232)
Vacant (1231-1252) (?)
Goffredo Gaetani (1252)
Vacant (1251-1477) (?)
Gabriele Rangone, O.F.M.Obs. (1477-1486)
Maffeo Gherardi, O.S.B.Cam. (1489-1492)
Giuliano Cesarini, iuniore (1493-1503)
Francisco Desprats (1503-1504)
Gianstefano Ferrero (1505-1510)
Alessandro Cesarini, seniore (1517-1523)
Vacant (1523-1533)
Odet de Coligny de Châtillon (1533-1549)
Vacant (159-1557)
Vitellozzo Vitelli (1557-1559)
Vacant (1559-1587)
Deaconry suppressed in 1587
(1) Cristofori lists a Cardinal Giovanni (1145) as occupant of this deaconry but his existence has not been ascertained.
(2) Cristofori lists another Cardinal Giovanni (1190) as occupant of this deaconry but his existence has not been ascertained.
S. Spirito in Sassia
This deaconry was established in 1991 by Pope John Paul II.
Fiorenzo Angelini (1991-2002); pro illa vice title (2002-2014)
Dominique Mamberti (2015-
S. TeodoroThis deaconry, one of the 7 original ones, was assigned to a deacon by Pope
Saint Agatho around 678. According to Liber Pontificalis, the deaconry received donations from Pope Leo III (795-816).
Its church had been built in the second courtyard of horrea Agrippiana in the 6th-7th centuries. It was situated in the X Roman
Region. The deaconry was suppressed in 1587 by Pope Sixtus V (1585-1590). It was established again on December 2, 1959, by Pope John
XXIII (1958-1963) by the apostolic constitution Siquidem sacrae. The church was given to
the Sacred Archdiocese of Italy of the Church of Rome in April 2000, at the official request presented by Metropolitan Gennadios to
the Pontifical Council for the Promotion of Christian Unity, After a splendid restoration, the
church
was consecrated by His Holiness Bartholomew I, ecumenical patriarch of Constantinople on July 1, 2004.
Roberto (ca. 1073-before 1099)
Bobone (1099-ca. 1117)
Errico, O.S.B. (ca. 1117-?)
Gualtiero (1120-1121 or before 1125)
Gregorio (1121-?)
Ugo Geremei (1125-ca. 1129)
Matteo (1129-ca. 1130)
Alberto Teodoli (1130-ca. 1155)
Ardicio Rivoltella (1155-1186)
Ugo Geremei (1186-1188)
Giovanni Malabranca (1188-1192) (1)
Bobone (1193-1199)
Matteo (1200-1205)
Gregorio Crescenzi, Can. Reg. of S. Reno (1206-1226 or 1230)
Vacant (1230-1316) (?)
Giovanni Gaetani Orsini (1316-1335)
Vacant (1335-1467) (?)
Teodoro Paleologo di Montferrato (1467-1484)
Vacant (1484-1492)
Federico Sanseverino (1492-1511); (deposed)
Alfonso Petrucci (1511-1517)
Federico Sanseverino (1514 or 1515-1516) (?)
Francesco Pisani (1518-1527)
Niccolò Gaddi (1527-1545)
Andrea Cornaro (1545-1550)
Luigi Cornaro (1551-1564)
Tolomeo Gallio, pro illa vice title (1565)
Stanisław Hosius (1565-1570)
Giulio Acquaviva d'Aragona (1570-1574)
Vacant (1574-1587)
Deaconry suppressed in 1587
Deaconry restored in 1959
William Theodore Heard (1959-1970); pro illa vice title (1970-1973)
Vacant (1973-1979)
Ernesto Civardi (1979-1989)
Vicenzo Fagiolo (1994-2000)
(1) Cristofori indicates that he was the occupant of this deaconry from 1200 to 1206.
Ss. Urbano e Lorenzo a Prima Porta
This deaconry was established in 1994 by Pope John Paul II.
Gilberto Agustoni (1994-2005); pro illa vice title (2005-2017)
S. Vito in Macello Martyrum
See Ss. Vito, Modesto e Crescenzia
Ss. Vito e Modesto in Macello Martyrum
See Ss. Vito, Modesto e Crescenzia
Ss. Vito, Modesto e CrescenziaAccording to Liber Pontificalis, this deaconry, known as S. Vito in Macello Martyrum, received donations from Pope Leo III (795-816). Its church had been built in the immediate vicinity of Macellum Liviae in the V Roman Region (Augustae). Frutaz says that in the catalogs of Giovanni Diacono and Pietro Mallio, composed in the second half of the 12th Century, the Church of S. Quirici (Ss. Quirico e Giulitta) appears in place of S. Vito and that it is difficult to explain this substitution even if it was only temporary. Later, the title was also called Ss. Vito e Modesto in Macello Martyrum and finally, with its current name. According to Mas Latrie, this deaconry became a title from 1477 until 1480, when it was returned to its older rank. In 1565 it became a title again, when Pope Pius IV (1559-1565) created 23 new cardinals. Pope Sixtus V (1585-1590) listed it among the deaconries in his apostolic constitution Religiosa.
Leone, O.S.B.Cas. (1088-1101)
Leone, O.S.B. (1115-1116)
Amico, O.S.B.Cas., iuniore (1116-1120)
Gregorio (1120-ca. 1130)
Lucio Boezio, O.S.B.Vallombrosa (1130? or 1134?-ca. 1138)
Gregorio (ca. 1152-after 1159)
Vacant (1159-1385) (?)
Rinaldo Brancaccio (1385-1427)
Vacant (1427-1473) (?)
Giacopo Antonio Venier (1473-1476)
Vacant (1476-1480)
Giovanni Battista Savelli (1480-ca.1483)
Ascanio Maria Sforza (1484-1505)
Carlo Domenico del Carretto (1505-1507)
Vacant (1507-1517)
Niccolò Ridolfi (1517-1534)
Guido Ascanio Sforza di Santa Fiora (1534-1540)
Reginald Pole (1540)
Vacant (1540-1545)
Niccolò Gaddi (1545-1550)
Vacant (1550-1555)
Carlo Carafa (1555-1560)
Carlo Borromeo (1560)
Vacant (1560-1565)
Carlo Visconti (1565); pro illa vice to title
Guido Luca Ferrero (1566-1585)
Ascanio Colonna (1587-1588)
Vacant (1588-1599)
Bonvisio Bonvisi (1599)
Vacant (1599-1626)
Lelio Biscia (1626-1633)
Benedetto Ubaldi (1634-1644)
Federico Sforza (1645-1656)
Vacant (1656-1660)
Francesco Maria Mancini (1660-1670)
Giovanni Delfino, pro illa vice title (1670-1699)
Vacant (1699-1715)
Fabio Olivieri (1715-1738)
Carlo Maria Marini (1738-1739)
Vacant (1739-1744)
Domenico Orsini d'Aragona (1744-1753)
Giuseppe Livizzani (1753-1754)
Luigi Maria Torrigiani (1754-1765)
Andrea Negroni (1765-1779)
Vacant (1779-1843)
Giovanni Serafini (1843-1846)
Vacant (1846-1853)
Vincenzo Santucci (1853-1854)
Gaspare Grassellini (1856-1867)
Edoardo Borromeo (1868-1878)
Vacant (1878-1885)
Carlo Cristofori (1885-1891)
Vacant (1891-1901)
Francesco di Paola Cassetta, in commendam (1901-1919)
Vacant (1919-1936)
Eugène Tisserant (1936-1937); pro illa vice title (1937-1939)
Vacant (1939-1958)
José María Bueno Monreal, pro illa vice title (1958-1987)
Vacant (1987-2007)
Umberto Betti, O.F.M. (2007-2009)
Giuseppe Bertello (2012-
©1998-2023 Salvador Miranda.